The Treaty of Versailles

Terms
1. Territorial losses
  1. Alsace - Lorraine
  2. Danzig
  3. Colonies
2. The Rhineland
  1. Demilitarised
3. The Saarland
  1. taken for 15 yrs then plebiscite
4. Anschluss forbidden
5. Disarmament
  1. 100,000 in army
  2. 15,000 in Navy
6. Article 231
  1. accept all blame
7. Lost 13% of territory and lots of industry
German Reactions
1. Betrayal
  1. was military power
  2. Close to winning
2. Humiliation
  1. War guilt clause
    1. Told Allied policy of encirclement
3. Reparations will cripple
4. Self determination hypocritical
5. Justification
  1. Expectations unrealistic
  2. Clemenceau wanted harsher
  3. Brest-Litovsk was harsher
  4. 14 Pts
    1. Alsace - Lorraine
    2. Poland with sea
  5. Germany would have been harsher on Allies
Political Crisis of 1919
1. Politicians disliked
2. Ammendments rejected
3. 1 Week to accept
4. Scheidemann wanted to reject
  1. Reichstag felt trapped into accepting
    1. Scheidemann resigned
5. Hindenburg redo with military
  1. Ebert would do this
    1. Groener said wouldn't work
      1. Accepted
Reaction of Right
1. Couldn't accept on top of democracy
  1. Extremism
    1. Freikorps
2. New Gov illegitimate
3. Politicians = November Criminals
4. Stab in the Back theory
Republican reaction
1. Policy of fulfilment
  1. Follow treaty outwardly
  2. Secretly renegotiate
2. Unimpressed
3. Alienated moderates
  1. Betrayal
Foreign Reactions
1. UK
  1. defended Naval interests
  2. Lloyd George
    1. Barrier against communism
    2. "Hang the Kaiser"
2. France
  1. Wanted revenge
  2. Public thought too lenient
3. USA
  1. Too harsh
    1. Blamed others
  2. Wasn't ratified
    1. peace in 1921

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The Treaty of Versailles

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