Diabetes

Descripción

A level Biology Mapa Mental sobre Diabetes, creado por Jumael Zafar el 17/08/2017.
Jumael Zafar
Mapa Mental por Jumael Zafar, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Jumael Zafar
Creado por Jumael Zafar hace más de 7 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Diabetes
  1. Type 1
    1. The attack of the immune system to your Beta cells in your islets of Langerhans. So no insulin produced by your pancreas.
      1. Can lead to hyperglycemia, due to a rise in blood glucose level.
        1. As your kidneys cannot reabsorb more glucose, some is secreted via urine.
          1. This can be fatal as some of the blood vessels can be affected, leading to death
        2. This can develop anytime in your life.
          1. To reduce blood glucose level, the patient needs to inject the right amount insulin.
            1. Insulin is a hormone/ a protein that binds to the protein receptors of muscle cells and liver cells
              1. This makes the membrane more permeable by increasing number of channel proteins, so more glucose is taken in.
                1. This hormone can also activate enzymes which convert glucose into glycogen, by glycogenesis, which can be used for later.
                  1. It increases the rate of respiration so more glucose can get used up faster.
              2. Type 2 diabetes
                1. This develops at a later stage of a person's life.
                  1. Can be inherited and is more likely in people with a family history of this type.
                  2. Its chance can increase by having a poor diet, a lack of exercise and being obese.
                    1. Therefore, its chances can be reduced by exercising more and eating more complex carbohydrates, as this takes longer for your body to digest so blood glucose concentration rises slowly.
                      1. The body has more time to get rid of it.
                    2. It usually occurs when the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas do not produce enough insulin or your body does not respond to it.
                      1. This can cause your blood glucose concentration to rise to a dangerous level
                    3. Hypoglycemia is when blood glucose concentration falls below average levels.
                      1. This is when your body rapidly turns glycogen into glucose via glycogenolysis (breaking up of glycogen into glucose) and gluconeogenesis (the forming of glucose from non-carbohydrates)
                        1. This then increases the glucose level to normal.
                      2. Adrenaline
                        1. It is a hormone made by adrenal glands, which raises glucose concentration, during exercise.
                          1. It activates glycogenolysis and prevents glycogenesis. Glucagon does similar.
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