The attack of the immune system
to your Beta cells in your islets of
Langerhans. So no insulin
produced by your pancreas.
Can lead to hyperglycemia, due to a rise in blood
glucose level.
As your kidneys cannot
reabsorb more glucose,
some is secreted via urine.
This can be fatal as some of the blood vessels
can be affected, leading to death
This can develop anytime in your life.
To reduce blood glucose level, the
patient needs to inject the right
amount insulin.
Insulin is a hormone/ a protein that binds
to the protein receptors of muscle cells
and liver cells
This makes the membrane more
permeable by increasing number of
channel proteins, so more glucose is
taken in.
This hormone can also activate enzymes which
convert glucose into glycogen, by glycogenesis,
which can be used for later.
It increases the rate of respiration so more
glucose can get used up faster.
Type 2 diabetes
This develops at a later stage of a person's life.
Can be inherited and is more likely in
people with a family history of this type.
Its chance can increase by having a
poor diet, a lack of exercise and
being obese.
Therefore, its chances can be reduced by exercising
more and eating more complex carbohydrates, as this
takes longer for your body to digest so blood glucose
concentration rises slowly.
The body has more time to get rid of it.
It usually occurs when the beta
cells in the islets of Langerhans
of the pancreas do not produce
enough insulin or your body
does not respond to it.
This can cause your blood glucose
concentration to rise to a
dangerous level
Hypoglycemia is when blood glucose
concentration falls below average levels.
This is when your body rapidly turns glycogen into
glucose via glycogenolysis (breaking up of glycogen into
glucose) and gluconeogenesis (the forming of glucose from non-carbohydrates)
This then increases the glucose level to normal.
Adrenaline
It is a hormone made by
adrenal glands, which
raises glucose
concentration, during
exercise.
It activates glycogenolysis and
prevents glycogenesis. Glucagon does similar.