Key Themes

1. Structural
2. Soft

1. Neo-liberalism

   Nota:

   • Dominant 70s/80s UK & USA
   1. Market-led
   2. Buying and selling
   3. Limited state
2. Structuralism

   Nota:

   • Post war/50s and 60s
   1. State-led
   2. re-distribution of wealth
3. Interventionism

   Nota:

   • Blair and Clinton administrations
   1. Keynesian ideas
   2. State and people led
4. People-centred

   Nota:

   • improve everyone's lot therefore facilitating development

1. Robert Nozick/libertarian

Nota:

• International poverty line is < $1.25 a day

Nota:

• purchasing power parity

1. Lorenz curve

   Nota:

   • graph showing cumulative share of income
2. Gini co-efficient

   Nota:

   • always between 0 and 1. Closer to 1 the higher the inequality. Area between the equality line and the lorenz curve

1. financial capital

   Nota:

   • savings, credits and social funds. also pensions etc
2. natural capital

   Nota:

   • natural resources such as land water biodiversity
3. human capital

   Nota:

   • the knowledge skills and abilities. education training and experience all used to make a living
4. social capital

   Nota:

   • social networks access to local groups and associations
5. physical capital

   Nota:

   • infrastructure such as rds transport, comms and energy etc.

1. Human security
   1. environmental
   2. personal
   3. political
   4. economic
   5. health
   6. community

Nota:

• Freedom of speech & expression Freedom to worship in own way Freedom from fear Freedom from want

Nota:

• Want, disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness

Nota:

• "if people are starving when this is objectively avoidable, then violence is committed" Galtung