Lecture 03 Electrical Conductivity Problems

T/F: Heart rhythm can be generated anywhere within the electrical conduction system.

What is the normal depolarization sequence of the heart?

What is the benefit of the pause at AV node?

Why can the pacemakers depolarize spontaneously?

During the absolute refractory period of cardiac cells, the Na channels are ______. Cell is hence unable to generate _______.

What are the 4 underlying causes of arrythmia?

How can ischemia result in arrhythmia?

How does thyroid disease tigger arrhythmia?

Mechanical stretch increases/decreases Ca2+ overload, RAAS activation, endothelin-1, natriuretic peptides, oxidative stress, heat shock proteins.

What are some clinical presentations of atrial tachy?

A dysrhythmia that is highly associated with CAD, CHF, and valvular heart disease is ________.

The impaired atrial contribution to LV end-diastolic volume results in reduced ____ and hence ________. Resulting in symptoms such as SOB, lightheadedness, fatigue, exercise intolerance.

What is another coagulation-related problem associated with a-fib?

Paroxysmal AF is usually managed by _____ control, while permanent AF is managed by ________ control. Persistent AF is managed by _______.

T/F: there is no p-wave in v-tach ECG.

Ventricular rate during v-tach is about ___bpm.

What are some clinical presentation of V-tach?

T/F: V-fib is usually associated with cardiac arrest.

Sinus bradycardia has a P: QRS rate of _______.

T/F: Sinus bradycardia is always symptomatic.

What are some symptoms of bradycardia?

Junctional rhythm is also called ______ rhythm. Symptoms include ______, ______ and _______. P wave (leads/follows) QRS complex.

If the R is far from P, then you have a _______

Longer, longer, longer, drop! Then you have a _____

If some Ps don't get through, then you have ________.

If P and Qs don't agree, then you have a ____________.

Palpitation is more common in second degree mobitz ____ while syncope is more common in mobitz ___.

Drug used for cardioversion is usually ________.

When patient is undergoing electrical cardioversion, the discharge is delivered during ________.

Electrical defibrillation is only used for which two conditions?

Which implanted device is the best for bradycardia alone and which one is the best for brady and tachy?

What is the theory behind radiofrequency ablation?

What is the theory behind maze procedure?

What maneuver can be used to slow/ convert supraventricular tachys?