Mer Scott
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(GI and Renal + Blood and Acid-Base) HUBS192 Test sobre RUS L32 - 34, creado por Mer Scott el 28/09/2017.

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RUS L32 - 34

Pregunta 1 de 20

1

Which two hormones does the kidney produce?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Erythropoetin

  • Renin

  • Aldosterone

  • Adrenaline

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 20

1

The left kidney is more inferior.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 20

1

At what spinal level does the ureter exit the kidney?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • T12-L3

  • T11-T12

  • L3-L4

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 20

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the kidney.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The convex face of the kidney faces laterally.

  • The concave face of the kidney faces medially.

  • The hilum exits the convex face.

  • The kidney is retroperitoneal

  • They kidney is protected by the fibrous renal capsule, fat deposits, and the ribs

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 20

1

A kidney lobe is a medullary pyramid and the cortical/renal columns on either side of it.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 20

1

The pathway of urine drainage from the kidney begins at the , then to the calyx, the calyces, the , exits via the and enters the to reach the bladder.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    papilla
    minor
    major
    renal pelvis
    hilum
    ureter
    urethra

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 20

1

Blood enters the kidney in the left or right , which comes from the artery. From there it branches into the arteries which branch into the arteries to travel to the lobes. There it become the arteries, which lie in the cortex.
arterioles travel into the glomerulus to the capillaries, and then blood exits in the arterioles. It then goes into the capillaries, the interlobar vein, the segmental vein, and exits via the hilum in the right or left renal vein.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    renal artery
    abdominal
    aortic
    segmental
    lobar
    arcuate
    Afferent
    efferent
    peritubular
    glomerular

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 20

1

What nerve does the sympathetic nerve fibres of the renal plexus originate from?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Splanchic nerve

  • Splenic nerve

  • Vagus nerve

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 20

1

Choose the correct statement.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Glomerular capillaries have fenestrated endothelium.

  • Pressure is low in the glomerular capillaries.

  • Pressure is high in the peritubular capillaries.

  • The vasa recta are associated with the Loop of Henle in cortical nephrons.

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 20

1

The renal corpuscle is the capillaries and the Bowman's . The Bowman's capsule's parietal layer is epithelium while its visceral layer are specialised epithelial cells called . Between these layer's is the Bowman's space. It also contains cells which are regulatory.
The podocytes are part of the filtration barrier and attach to the that surrounds the glomerular capillaries. They have foot like processes called and inbetween are the which small molecules can move through.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    simple squamous
    podocytes
    mesangial
    basement membrane
    pedicels
    filtration slits
    glomerular
    capsule

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 20

1

Which of these describes the proximal convoluted tubule?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Cuboidal epithelia, dense brush border, many microvilli

  • Simple squamous epithelia, permeable to water, impermeable to NaCl

  • Simple squamous epithelia, impermeable to water, permeable to NaCl

  • Thin cuboidal epithelia, few microvilli, few mitochondria

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 20

1

Which part of the nephron has simple squamous epithelia, is permeable to water, but is impermeable to NaCl?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Thin descending limb (Loop of Henle)

  • Thin ascending limb (Loop of Henle)

  • Proximal convoluted tubule

  • Distal convolutes tubule

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 20

1

Select all the kinds of cells you would find in the collecting duct.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Simple cuboidal epithelia

  • Principal cells

  • Intercalated cells

  • Parietal cells

  • Simple squamous epithelia

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 20

1

Reabsorption in the DCT is affected by ADH, while reabsorption in the CD is affected by aldosterone.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 20

1

Selecciona la opción correcta de los menús desplegables para completar el texto.

The juxtaglomerular apparatus senses and controls glomerular filtration rate and stabilises blood ( pressure, volume ).
In the afferent arteriole there are ( juxtaglomerular cells, macula densa ) which act as ( mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors ). They can release renin in response to ( low, high ) blood pressure.
In the distal convoluted tubule there are ( macula densa, juxtaglomerular cells ) which are ( chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors ) which sense the ( NaCl, creatinine ) concentration, a good indication of GFR.

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 20

1

Transitional epithelium (stratified, rounded cells which flatten when stretched) is only found in the urinary tract.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 20

1

Choose the correct answers.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Ureters descend retroperitoneally.

  • The inner muscle of the ureter is circular, the outer muscle is longitudinal.

  • There are protein plaques on the outer surface of the ureter for protection.

  • Peristalsis moves urine through the ureters.

  • The ureter enters the bladder at an oblique angle, at it's anteriolateral corners.

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 20

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the bladder.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Infections usually persist in the trigone.

  • Two ureter openings and one urethra opening forms the trigone

  • It has rugae for expansion and collapse

  • It holds ~0.8L and expands without a large increase in pressure

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 20

1

Select the features which define a bladder when empty?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Pyramidal

  • Entirely in pelvis

  • Thick walled

  • Spherical

  • Thin walled

  • Expanded above pelvis

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 20

1

The internal urinary sphinctre is at the junction of the . The detrusor muscle which controls it is stimulated by the and so is under control.
The external urinary sphinctre is where the urethra passes through the (pelvic floor). This is controlled skeletal muscle.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    bladder and the urethra
    bladder and ureters
    parasympathetic nervous system
    involuntary
    urogenital diaphragm
    voluntarily

Explicación