Language Variety

Peter Trudgill, Norwich Study 1974

The North and South Gap - wealth, employment and Standard language

Migrants in Milton Keynes; typical pattern of migrants

Them as Demonstrative Pronoun

'What' As Subject Relative Pronoun

'Never' As Past Tense Negator

Metathesis

General Patterns in Occupational Jargon

Rhotacism

Isogloss

Lenition

Features of Geordie Dialect (continued); isolated, Scotland, merger, traditions, natural

'Grassroots strike back'

Features of Geordie Dialect (continued); changing, distinction, understanding

Howard Giles' Capital Punishment Experiment

Qualities of RP

Howard Giles' Capital Punishment Experiment (continued)

Rosenstock (rose in stock) - Greying World

Jenny Cheshire, Peer Groups, 1980

Jenny Cheshire, Peer Groups, 1980

Rise-Fall Intonation

Linguistic Integration

Language Repertoire

Jenny Cheshire - Peer Groups in Reading, 1980

Trudgill on Non-Standard English

Post-Creole Continuum

Linguistic Imperalism

Features of Estuary; happY, 'hewwo', 'tishoo', 'mawth'

Globish

Features of Estuary English (continued); 'what is tha'?', divergence

Kachru's Model of Global English

Barrie Rhodes on Why Dialects Differ; language breaks, moving away, W

McArthur's Model of Global English

William Labov - Martha' Vineyard Study

Barrie Rhodes on Why Dialects Differ (continued); English triangle

Linguistic Diversity

International Phonetic Alphabet

Mark Sebba on London Jamaican (continued); 16th century, pidgins, code-switching

Rosewarne on Estuary English

Decreolization

Recreolization

Sue Fox on MEYD (continued); students

Sociolinguistic Maturation

Colloquial Language Study at King's College London, 1995

William Labov - New York Study, 1960s

Language Variation

Peter Trudgill on Standard English (continued); D,C,S

Dialect Prestige

Basil Bernstein - Elaborative and Restrictive Codes

Ellen Ryan - Status and Solidarity

Hopper & Zahn

Paul Kerswill's Research on Milton Keynes and Reading - Dialectal Levelling; vowels

Jane Stuart-Smith

Paul Kerswill on Koineisation in Milton Keynes; study, conclusions, network

Paul Kerswill on Koineisation (continued); 'do', generations

Paul Kerswill on Koineisation (continued); change, settlements, koines, external, internal

Paul Kerswill on Koineisation (continued); older generations, emergence, 1950s

Aziz Corporation, 2003

Laughter Study - Lesley Harbige, Aberdeen University

Intelligence Study - Dr Lance Workman of Bath Spa University

Intelligence Study - Dr Lance Workman of Bath Spa University (continued)

William Labov - Overt & Covert Prestige

Milroy's Study of Open & Closed Networks in Belfast

Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger - Communities in Practice, 1991

Creoles

Mark Sebba on London Jamaican; 17th and 18th centuries, sugar plantations, patois

Mark Sebba on London Jamaican (continued); verb aspects, immigrants; today...

David Crystal's Language of Technology:
Rebus

David Crystal's Language of Technology:
Nonce Formation

Mark Sebba on Jamaican Creole (continued); suffixes, copulas

David Crystal's Word of Technology:
Eye-Dialect Form

Mark Sebba's Study on Catford Girl's Possee

David Crystal's Language of Technology:
Concord Rule Breaking

David Crystal's Language of Technology:
Non-Standard Symbol Combinations

Code-Switching

David Crystal's Language of Technology:
Internal Sentence Punctuation

David Crystal's Language of Technology:
Emotive Punctuation Sentences

The British Empire & Global English; interactions, 'kangaroo'

David Crystal's Rule For Technology, 2001

Texting - Logogram

David Crystal - 2B Or Not 2B

John Humphrys on Texting

John Sutherland on Texting

Migration; languages in London, Indian and West Indies, 1700s

David Crystal's 2B Or Not 2B on Initialisms

Dominant Forms in Global English

Peter Stevens on Global English

Australia Soap Influence on English

Hinglish & Engrish

Chinese Pidgin English

Features of Irish; aka, 'tum-ti', 'happenin'', rhotic, vernacular, dipthongs

Pidgins

Creoles

Irish (continued); island, syntax structure, 'I come home for the Christmas', 'do' and 'be', 'they do running fast', 'getting wash on'

William Labov on American English

Features of The Black Country; prestige, style, conjunctions, 'fu'

Pluricentric Languages; national identity, no dominance

Paul Kerswill's Research on Reading's Accent; sounding more like...,Older people and young people's accents; London

Paul Kerswill's Research on Reading's Accent (continued); commuting, prevention of homogenisation

The Evolution of Global English; first language, contributions

Sue Fox- Multi-Ethnic Youth Dialects; influences

Paul Baker on Polari

Leet; mode, formed, characters, spelling, 'creamage'

Features Of Essex Accent; vowels, migration, hybrid between, 'first', W, V and T, wa'er

Michael Halliday on Anti-Languages

Cryptolects; Tuscany

Cant

Malcolm Petyt and Social Climbing in Bradford, West Yorkshire (1985)

Features of Cockney English; 'bovva', ''at', 'wa'er', 'cowt'

Prison Argot; original definition, incarcerate's slang, endemic

Received Pronunciation; 2%, a D, positive prestige, Trugill

Prison Argot (continued); Northern and Southern states

Features of Geordie; coal mining, assimilation, village, Kevin Watson, M & U

Features of Geordie (continued); class, preservation; not viable, schooling

York; heart of..., lexicon remained from...

Navy Jackspeak; 'abeam'

Features of Liverpudlian; influence, sing-song, 't', filler, 'worra', guttural, 'bOOk'

Adam Fox on Medical Jargon; register, 'biparental', 'departure lounge'

Features of Liverpudlian (continued); 'our mam', Kevin Watson, Paul Kerswill, postal town, homogeneous accent, happY tensing

Types of Pronunciation

Epenthesis

Epenthetic Inversion