Which of the following statements are correct? (more than one answer might be possible)
The incidence of epileptic seizures is highest in the fourth decade of life.
During childhood epileptic seizures do usually not occur.
A decline in the incidence of epileptic seizures is usually not observed in the elderly.
The current classification of epileptic seizures is based in part on the EEG.
The current classification of epileptic seizures is based in part on clinical features.
Which of the following assignments is correct?
1. Archicerebellum - Vestibulocerebellum - Cerebellar Hemispheres
2. Paleocerebellum - Spinocerebellum - Superior vermis and paravermal cerebellar areas
3. Paleocerebellum - Vestibulocerebellum - Flocculonodular lobe, inferior vermis
4. Neocerebellum - Spinocerebellum - Cerebellar hemispheres
5. Neocerebellum - Pontocerebellum - Anterior lobe
Which of the following statements regarding antiepileptic drugs (AED) are correct?
The “new generation” AEDs (marketed since 1990) significantly reduced pharmacoresistance.
AEDs with multiple molecular targets are more efficient.
AEDs with multiple molecular targets have more side-effects.
AED treatment regimens usually start with monotherapy.
Most clinically relevant AED have been discovered by chance.
Which of the following statements is correct?
Mossy fibers are axons of CA3 primary cells.
Aberrant mossy fiber sprouting is one hypothesis for epileptogenesis in limbic epilepsies.
The cornu ammonis has filter function for downstream structures.
Seizure-like events in in vitro models can be induced by lowering of sodium in the artificial cerebrospinal fluid.
During seizure-like events in vitro light transmission of the tissue is decreased.
Idiopathic epilepsies commonly have a single-gene inheritance.
Symptomatic epilepsies never have a genetic background.
Rolando-epilepsy of childhood is a symptomatic epilepsy syndrome.
Frontal lobe epilepsies may be purely genetic.
The correct diagnosis of epilepsy is made from the EEG.
The cerebellum comprises of
1. Only the lobuli centralis, semilunaris inferior and superior
2. A cerebellar cortex, white matter, deep cerebellar and nuclei and some parts of the vestibular nuclei
3. The cerebellar cortex and the DCN (dorsal cochlear nuclei)
4. A cerebellar cortex with the molecular, Purkinje cell and granular layer
5. A cerebellar cortex, white matter and deep cerebellar nuclei
Symptoms of cerebellar disorder can be:
1. Intentional tremor, dysarthria and ataxia
2. Dysarhtria, dysmetria and dyslexia
3. Akinesis, ataxia and rigor
4. Ataxia, dysmetria and rigor
5. Rest tremor, akinesis and rigor
Which of the five clinical signs is a typical cerebellar sign?
1. Aphasia
2. Paresis
3. Akinesis
4. Deafness
5. Ataxia
“The spinocerebellum is involved both in the control of posture and gait and the coordination of limb movements.” Is this true or false?
true
false
Which statement about Friedreich's ataxia is not correct?
Areflexia
Trinucleotide repeat disorder
Mitochondriopathy
Atrophy of the cervical cord early in the disease
Typical age of onset 70 years of age
Which of the following hypotheses about cerebellar function is not correct?
1. The cerebellum contributes to certain cognitive tasks.
2. The cerebellum is a learning device.
3. The cerebellum is involved in timing.
4. The cerebellum is a likely place where internal models for sensory motor control are build.
5. The cerebellum is involved in feedback (reactive) but not feedforward (predictive) motor control.
1. Post-stroke lesions typically cause absence seizures.
2. Absence seizures indicate idiopathic generalised epilepsy.
3. Every first generalised convulsive seizure needs initiation of antiepileptic drug treatment.
4. Seizure incidence is highest in middle-aged adults.
5. Partial epilepsies are always symptomatic.
