DNA IX - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

What is a virus?

What is characteristic of a virus? (5)

Why are viruses relatively insensitive to changes in their environment?

What is the general structure of a virus? (5)

What additional structure might a virus have?

What projections are seen from this additional layer?

How do viruses acquire this layer?

Draw a diagram showing this process.

What types of different geometrical arrangements can the capsid form?

Describe the generic life cycle of a virus with a DNA genome (4)

Name the different types of viruses with RNA genomes (3)

Describe how +ssRNA viruses work.

Describe how -ssRNA viruses work.

Draw an annotated diagram describing the initiation of replication in a +ssRNA virus

Describe the transcription process.

Describe the final step in this replication

What happens at the end of replication?

Describe the genome of a HIV virus

What is the first step in HIV infection?

What is the second step in HIV infection?

What is the third step in HIV infection?

What is the forth step in HIV infection?

What is the fifth and final step in HIV infection?

What are Viroids?

What is characteristic of the infectious agent? (4)

What are prions?

What type of disease do prions cause?

What are the effects of TSEs?

What is diagnostic of prion infection? (2)

Name 2 examples of TSEs in farm animals

Describe an example of a TSE in humans

Describe an example of a TSE in humans

Describe the characteristics of prions

What are prions believed to be formed from?

Compare normal and misfolded prion proteins

What are the names of these extracellular deposits?

Draw an annotated diagram showing prion replication in TSEs.

Draw an annotated diagram showing inherited TSE forming mis-folded PrPs.