What causes languages to become diffused all over the world? (specifically english)
isolation
dominance of a country over many others over the Earth
What language is the principle language of communication and interaction for the entire world?
French
English
Spanish
Mandarin
What TWO competing geographic trends does language display?
globalization
local diversity
culture
landscape
Which regions have the largest number of dying languages?
South Pacific, Latin America, and North America
Europe, Africa, Asia
North America, Africa, Asia
What is the South Pacific's institutionalized language?
english
spanish
mandarin
What is said to be the reason for the institutionalized language in the South Pacific?
British colonization during early 19th century
Roman invasion
Migration
What is one reason that British culture has remained in Austrailia?
the restriction of immigration from non-english-speaking places during the 19th and 20th centuries
British remained there
British culture does not remain there
Which South Pacific country created a policy to preserve a language (a dying language at that) other than English?
Australia
New Zealand
The United States has 61 142 8( 61, 142, 8 ) languages in trouble and 142 61 23( 142, 61, 23 ) languages dying.
What is the main cause of endangered languages in the United States?
Forcing people to learn English
Native American tribes discontinuing the teaching of their language to their young
There aren't many endangered languages
What Native American language is making a comeback?
Cherokee
Navaho
Myaamia
Why do people that speak English want to preserve the languages of the Celtic branch of Indo-European?
fun language to learn
it is believed to have been used to write the first BIbles
the languages offer insight into the cultual heritage of places that now speak English
What country was conquered by the English in 1283?
Italy
Germany
Wales
In the 19th century, what caused the dominant language to go from Welsh to English?
English speakers migrated there to work in coal mines and factories
Welsh people felt that English would give them more opportunites
England sent soldiers to control the land and the language caught on
England forced everyone to learn English
What Celtic language was spoken in Cornwall?
Welsh
Cornish
Which Celtic langauge has more borrowed words from French than any other Celtic language?
Cornish (Cornwall)
Welsh (Wales)
Breton (Brittany)
What are the the two groups that the Celtic Language branch is divided into?
Goidelic
Brythonic
Germanic
Tibetin
What are the two surviving languages of the Goidelic Celtic language group?
Irish
Breton
Scottish Gaelic
In Wales and Ireland where is their official language (other than English) mostly spoken?
urban areas
remote areas in the country
scattered
TRUE OR FALSE: Similarities and differences between languages are a measure of the degree of interaction among groups of people
language that is unrelated to any other and therefore not attached to any other language family
extinct language
isolation language
historic language
What caused a language to become isolated?
limited interaction between speakers of language and speakers of other languages
mix of languages in a country
constant interaction of languages
language boundaries
What makes an isolated language qualify as vigorous? And later be deemed sustainable?
full use in community, being learned by children as first language, used in face-to-face communication, and used by young and old
not everyone uses the language, it is not taught to youth
not used in communication
only used by elderly
TRUE or FALSE: When a language is deemed sustainable it is believed to exist at least in the near future
What is the only example of a vigorous language in Europe?
brasque
french
What is believed about the braque language?
that is was probably spoken over a wider area but was abandoned where its speakers came in contact with Indo-Europeans
that the people who spoke it were from China
that it was brought about after Indo-European languages
What does the diffusion of Indo-European languages demonstrate? (choose best answer)
patriotism
a common ancestor dominated much of the Europe before recorded history
one person started all the languages
people created the languages
Why is Icelandic significant?
it has changed less than any other language in the germanic branch
it is isolated
it is not part of the Indo-European family and is not isolated
In A.D. 874 who colonized Iceland?
English settlers
Spanish settlers
Norwegian settlers
Irish settlers
When an ethnic group migrates to a new location what is one thing they take with them from their former home? (choose best answer)
food
money
language
family
Why has Icelandic not changed very much compared to other countries changes in language?
Norwegian immigrants had little contact with speakers of other languages when they arrived at the island of Iceland, and they also did not have contact with speakers of their language back in Norway, other countries changed by adopting new words and pronounciation which the isolated people of Iceland has less opportunity to do
They do not want to change their language
They do not need to change their language because they feel like they know everything they need to know
a language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer in use
isolated language
recovering language
What are example of recently extinct languages? (check all that apply)
Liv
Scandanavian
Clallam
How does the loss of many languages reflect globalization?
to be apart of a global economy and culture, people choose to use a widely used language, leaving their traditional or indigenous languages to disappear
reflects how languages spread across the world
shows how mass media, easier communication, quicker transportation, etc has allowed languages to spread farther and quicker across the world
What efforts reflect the importance that groups place on language as an element of local culture? (check all that apply)
preserving endangered languages
helping throw out languages
creating new languages
What is an example of a language once rarely used but is more commonly used now?
Hebrew
TRUE or FALSE: Most people in present day Israel used to speak Aramaic, which in turn was replaced with Arabic
What are Israel's two official languages?
Arabic
Why was the task of making hebrew a modern language so difficult?
no one knew how to read the language
new words had to be created for things that weren't around during the biblical times
they did not know the grammer rules for the language
Who initiated the revival effort of the hebrew language?
Jesus
Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
David Newton Whitmore
George Washington
