A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.
compiler
program
interpreter
programming language
The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________.
hardware
software
the operating system
tools
The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________.
RAM
secondary storage
main memory
the CPU
Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________.
ENIACs
microprocessors
memory chips
operating systems
The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________.
the microprocessory
__________ is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running.
the disk drive
the USB drive
A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time—even when there is no power to the computer—is called __________.
CPU storage
A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________.
an output device
an input device
a secondary storage device
A video display is a(n) __________ device.
output device
input device
secondary storage device
A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.
a byte
bit
switch
transisitor
A byte is made up of eight __________.
CPUs
instructions
variables
bits
In the __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.
hexadecimal
binary
octal
decimal
A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________.
1
-1
0
"no"
A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________.
binary numbering
ASCII
Unicode
ENIAC
An extensive encoding scheme that can represent the characters of many of the lan- guages in the world is __________.
binary numberin
Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.
two's complement
floating point
Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.
The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________.
bytes
color packets
pixels
If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________.
c# code
a stream of binary numbers
English words
circuits
In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.
fetch
decode
execute
immediately after the instruction is executed
Computers can execute only programs that are written in __________.
C#
assembly language
machine language
Java
The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.
assembler
translator
The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________.
binary instructions
mnemonics
commands
keywords
The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________.
syntax
punctuation
operators
A(n) __________ is a program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.
utility
A __________ is any hypothetical person using a program and providing input for it.
designer
user
guinea pig
test subject
A __________ error does not prevent the program from running but causes it to produce incorrect results.
logic
fatal
A(n) __________ is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task.
logarithm
plan of action
logic schedule
algorith
An informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed is called __________.
faux code
pseudocode
a flowchart
A __________ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program.
flowchart
stepchart
code graph
program graph
Objects that are visible in a program’s graphical user interface are commonly re- ferred to as __________.
buttons
controls
forms
windows
A __________ is code that describes a particular type of object.
namespace
blueprint
schema
class
The __________ is a collection of classes and other code that can be used, along with a programming language such as C#, to create programs for the Windows operating system.
.NET framework
Standard Template Library
GUI framework
MSDN Library
The __________ is the part of a computer with which the user interacts.
central processing unit
user interface
control system
interactivity system
Before GUIs became popular, the __________ interface was the most commonly used.
command line
remote terminal
sensory
event-driven
__________ programs are usually event driven.
text-based
GUI
procedural
Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.
Main memory is also known as RAM.
Any piece of data that is stored in a computer’s memory must be stored as a binary number.
Images, such as the ones you make with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers.
Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands.
Assembly language is considered a high-level language.
An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program.
A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.
Windows, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OS are all examples of application software.
Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, e-mail programs, Web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.
Programmers must be careful not to make syntax errors when writing pseudocode programs.
C# provides only the basic keywords and operators that you need to construct a program.
