What did Takano & Osaka (1999) find when reviewing studies that compared the US and Japan in terms of individualism and collectivism?
Found that 1/14 studies did not support the common view (individualist cultures should conform less)
Found that 14/15 studies did not support the common view (individualist cultures should conform less)
Found that 14/15 studies did support the common view (individualist cultures should conform less)
What is Beta bias?
Ignores or minimises cultural differences
Assumes that there are real and enduing differences between cultures
What is Ethnocentrism?
Assumes that there are real difference between cultures
The use of our own ethnic/cultural group as a basis for judgements about other groups
The study of the centre of Ethno
True or false: Eurocentrism is a form of Ethnocentrism but the emphasis is on Western/European theores and ideas.
True
False
True of false: Cultural Relativism is the tendency to view the beliefs, customs, and behaviours of our own group as 'normal'
Smith & Bond (1998) found that __% of studies were American?
2%
32%
66%
Sears (1986) found that __% of participants were undergraduates?
82%
51%
The etic approach assumes that all human behaviour is universal. However, what are the correct definitions for 'DERIVED etic' and 'IMPOSED etic'?
Derived: acknowledges the role of cultural factors and recognises that human behaviour differs from one culture to another Imposed: where cultural influences are ignored
Derived: where cultural influences are ignored Imposed: acknowledges the role of cultural factors and recognises that human behaviour differs from one culture to another
Psychology needed an alternative view for behaviour, so they turned to indigenous cultures. What are indigenous cultures?
Cultures that are indigo
Cultures that dig
Native cultures
South Africa has a Western individualist conception of psychology, and fails to reflect it's collectivist indigenous culture. What percentage of South African psychologists are white, compared to the percentage of white people in South Africa?
13% psychologists, 90% white
50% psychologists, 50% white
90% psychologists, 13% white
True or false: Afrocentrism suggests values and cultures of Europeans de-value non-European people and are irrelevant to the life and culture of Africa.
Ture
