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All of the following are things that affect absorption of medications.
- Drug formulation and dose: ( Liquid, Tablet, Capsule ) formulations of an oral drug are absorbed faster, and ( higher, lower ) doses will have a more rapid onset of action.
-Route of administration: Drugs given ( intravenously, orally, topically, ophthalmically, intramuscularly, subcutaneously ) will absorb faster.
-Size of drug molecule: ( Larger, Smaller, Lipid-soluble, Water-soluble ) drug molecules take longer to absorb.
-Surface area of absorptive site: The ( larger, smaller ) the surface area, the faster the drug will be absorbed,
-Digestive motility: Changes in GI motility can either speed up or slow down, depending on the drug and where it is absorbed.
-Blood flow: Greater blood flow to ( site of administration, the eyes, the lungs, the GI tract ) results in faster absorption.
-Solubility of drug: ( Lipid, Water ) soluble drugs are absorbed more quickly.
-Degree of ionization: ( Basic, Acidic ) drugs are absorbed and distributed better in alkaline environments, while ( acids, bases ) are better absorbed in acids. The pH of the local environment ( directly, indirectly ) influences drug absorption through its ability to ionize the drug.
-Drug-drug or drug-food interactions: ( High-fat, Carbohydrate-rich, High-protein, Low sodium ) meals can significantly slow stomach motility and delay absorption of oral
meds. Some dietary supplements have a ( laxative, constipation ) effect, which can slow intestinal transit time and reduce drug absorption.