Matthew Coulson
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Epilepsy given on 14th September 2018

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Matthew Coulson
Creado por Matthew Coulson hace más de 6 años
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Epilepsy

Epilepsy

Pregunta 1 de 29

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Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

A seizure whereby there is rapid contraction and relaxation of muscles causing an uncontrollable shaking of the body is called a seizure.

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 29

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affect both brain hemispheres
affect only one brain hemisphere

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    Generalised seizures
    Focal seizures

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 29

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Types of Generalised Seizure:
- Contraction of limbs followed by their extension & arching of back lasting 10-30s, followed by a shaking of the limbs.
- Constant contraction of the muscles. Person often turns blue as breathing is stopped.
- Shaking of the limbs in unison.
- Brief, shock-like jerks of a muscle or a group of muscles.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    Myoclonic
    Clonic
    Tonic
    Tonic-clonic

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 29

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During tonic-clonic seizures, bites to which part of the tongue are more common?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Bites to tip of tongue

  • Bites to side of tongue

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 29

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If a patient presents after a fall/seizure, it is mandatory to rule out a cardiovascular cause via which investigation?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • ECG

  • Echocardiogram

  • Ultrasound

  • Blood Pressure Measurement

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 29

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DVLA Rules Regarding Seizures - car:

You’ve had a one-off seizure while awake and lost consciousness:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 6 months seizure free

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 12 months seizure free

  • Licence only suspended after 2nd seizure

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 29

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DVLA Rules Regarding Seizures - HGV:

You’ve had a one-off seizure while awake and lost consciousness:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 12 months

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 3 years

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 5 years

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 29

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DVLA Rules Regarding Seizures - car:

Diagnosed with epilepsy:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 5 years seizure free

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 1 year seizure free

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 3 years seizure free

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 29

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DVLA Rules Regarding Seizures - HGV:

Diagnosed with epilepsy:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 5 years off medication & seizure free

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 7 years off medication & seizure free

  • Licence suspended, can reapply after 10 years off medication & seizure free

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 29

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Primary Generalised Epilepsy often presents ...

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • In childhood/teenage years

  • In late 20s/early 30s

  • In those over 50

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 29

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The treatment of choice for primary generalised epilepsy is

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 29

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If a primary generalised epilepsy patient is unresponsive to Sodium Valproate, which of the following second line treatments is most common?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Lamotrigine

  • Clobazam

  • Gabapentin

  • Pregabalin

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 29

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Due to the adverse side effects, sodium valproate is not recommended for focal onset epilepsy. Instead, what is the first line treatment for this condition?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Carbamazepine

  • Clobazam

  • Levetiracetam

  • Oxcarbazepine

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 29

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Sodium Valproate is teratogenic and should not be prescribed to pregnant women

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 29

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A 17 year old girl is taken to A&E after having had a generalized seizure.
She had been out partying the night before. No past Hx of note, although her mother reported that she had been a bit clumsy and jerky in the mornings recently, e.g. dropping her hairbrush or coffee cup. Which of the following statements is correct?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The history is suggestive of a secondary generalized fit. The patient
    needs urgent brain scanning.

  • The history suggests a primary generalized epilepsy, and either Sodium
    Valproate or Lamotrigine would be treatment of choice.

  • Treatment of choice for this type of epilepsy is Carbamazepine

  • Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is associated with hippocampal sclerosis

  • This is probably just an alcohol induced seizure. No further
    investigations or treatment required

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 29

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What is status epilepticus?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Recurrent epileptic seizures without full recovery of consciousness. Continuous seizures lasting >30 minutes

  • Recurrent epileptic seizures without full recovery of consciousness. Continuous seizures lasting >60 minutes

  • A seizure that can only be halted by high loading with an acute anti-convulsant

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 29

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Status Epilepticus is a clinical emergency. Whilst they tend to stop by themselves, to prevent further damage anticonvulsants should be given. Which of the following anticonvulsants should be given in an acute situation such as this?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Phenytoin

  • Lamotrigine

  • Sodium Valproate

  • Carbamazepine

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 29

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A patient in status epilepticus is considered an emergency case. Therefore, urgent blood tests and CT to identify the cause are required.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 29

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What means of investigation is used to differentiate generalised from focal epilepsy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Electroencephalogram (EEG)

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)

  • Electroneurogram (ENG)

  • Electrical Seizure Test (EST)

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 29

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Women on anti-convulsants seeking the contraceptive pill should not use the and should instead be switched to the

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    combined pill (estrogen + progesterone)
    progesterone only pill

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 29

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The morning after pill is more effective in women taking anti-convulsants and the dose should be titred down accordingly.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 29

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Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

Which anti-convulsant can be given to patients who are obese/have sleep problems due to its weight reducing and sedative effects?

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 29

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Carbamazepine typically makes Primary Generalised Epilepsy worse

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 29

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In the case of Status Epilepticus, patients are generally given benzodiazepines first line to attempt to halt the seizures. Such medications include IV , Buccal and Rectal .
If benzodiazepines fail to halt the seizures, then the anti-convulsant called should be given IV.

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 29

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Which type of seizure typically causes the patient to experience odd smells?
e.g. every time they drive they experience a "metallic smell"

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Focal Seizure

  • Generalised Seizure

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 29

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Is an absence feature focal or generalised?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Focal Seizure

  • Generalised Seizure

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 29

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Following a seizure patients typically enter what is known as a state where they feel drowsy and tired for around 15 minutes before they are back to feeling normal again.

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 29

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Which of the following anticonvulsants is known to induce alopecia?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Sodium Valproate

  • Lamotrigine

  • Carbamazepine

  • Phenytoin

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 29

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Which anticonvulsant medication is known to cause Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in some rare cases?

Explicación

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