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Test sobre Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, creado por Jace Riley el 25/10/2014.

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Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau

Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau

Pregunta 1 de 90

1

Hobbes - The Second law of nature requires that

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Natural inequalities among men be preserved by class distinctions

  • All men give up the same rights as all others

  • Slavery be forced upon those who violate the other laws

  • An arbiter not be biased

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 90

1

According to Hobbes the main difference between a belief in one God as opposed to many gods is that

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The belief in one God comes from a scientific search for a First Cause, while belief in many gods comes from fear of the future.

  • Only a belief in many gods is based on truth and not an attempt to control others

  • The belief in many gods comes from a scientific search for a First Cause, while belief in God comes from fear of the future

  • Only a belief in God claims any supernatural or divine involvement with humans

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, the origin of religion is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Simple manipulation by tricky people

  • God simply gave men religion as a gift

  • Anxiety of things to come and a desire to protect oneself from bad things happening

  • Recognition of seasonal changes without a good explanation for why it happens

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, liberty is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Absence of opposition

  • only available in the Commonwealth

  • available to all subjects

  • for weaklings

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, a Free-Man is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • one that is not hindered from doing what he wills and has the strength and wit to do

  • a subject of the true and living king

  • one that has escaped the state of nature

  • one that has escaped from slavery

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 90

1

Hobbes argues that liberty and necessity can function at the same time

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 90

1

Hobbes argues that the commonwealth

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • must limit the power of the sovereign

  • should always be governed by majority rule

  • is one artificial person

  • must encourage diversity

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, the sovereign can command the death of a subject, but not that the subject yield his right of self preservation

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, covenants without sufficient force to support them are useless

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 90

1

The different types of commonwealth by institution include all of the following except,

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • monarchy

  • aristocracy

  • anarchy

  • democracy

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, the power of the sovereign is different depending on whether he acquired power through acquisition or institution

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 90

1

According to Hobbes no one has the right to criticize the actions of a sovereign, since each subject is the author of those actions

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, the sovereign should be under the contract, and therefore may be removed easily from power

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, property exists in the state of nature

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 90

1

The right of nature

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Allows all men liberty to use his own power as he will, and to protect his life and the means of improving his life

  • Prevents men from being happy

  • prevents any man from harming another

  • allows all men privacy

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 90

1

Hobbes - Command and council differ

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • counsel is offered with the interests of the hearer in mind

  • counsel is offered by one with authority

  • counsel is offered with the interests of the speaker in mind

  • counsel must be obeyed

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, the sovereign can legitimately command someone to commit suicide

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 90

1

Groups formed by the authority of the sovereign are known as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Political bodies

  • writts

  • private parties

  • limited systems

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, it is better to have counselors meet all together than to hear their counsel individually

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, every crime is a sin, but not every sin is a crime

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, fear is most likely to deter someone from committing a crime, but people may also commit crimes due to fear

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, it is sometimes acceptable to protest the decrees of political bodies, but not the decrees of the sovereign

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 90

1

According to Hobbes, property

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • is a creation of the commonwealth and determined by the sovereign

  • exists in the state of nature

  • should always be determined by force

  • is an innate and inalienable right

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 90

1

Hobbes argues that political factions are necessary for a good government

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 90

1

Hobbes refers to commerce as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Circulation

  • theft

  • sinews

  • nutrition

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 90

1

Who, according to Locke, has the right of reparation

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • the victim of the transgression

  • the sovereign

  • everyone

  • no one

  • the transgressor

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 90

1

Locke argues that, in the state of nature, all have the right to punish someone who transgresses natural law

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 90

1

According to Locke, slavery is justified in the state of war

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 90

1

According to Locke, there are no covenants outside the commonwealth

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 90

1

What is the limit on the natural right to property, according to Locke?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The sovereign's will

  • you cannot justly let things spoil in your possession

  • all private property is theft, all things should stay in common

  • there is no limit

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 90

1

Locke argues we may never lawfully harm another person

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 90

1

Locke says that humans are all equal because

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • We all can kill each other

  • we all think we are smarter than everyone else

  • we are all unworthy of God's love

  • We are all creations and servants of God

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 90

1

According to Locke, natural law is derived from

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • hatred

  • physics

  • pythagorean theorem

  • reason

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 90

1

Locke argues that all private property can be traced to the inheritance of the oldest sons of Adam down to the present day

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 90

1

Locke argues that liberty is equal to license, that is not being bound by any law

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 90

1

Which is the determining rule in a commonwealth, according to Locke

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The philosopher king knows best

  • majority rule

  • patriarchy: father knows best

  • might makes right

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 90

1

What is not needed i na commonwealth according to Locke?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A sovereign with arbitrary power over all property on a given territory

  • an established, disinterested (that is, not having a material stake in the outcome of controversy) judicature

  • an agreement of all members to give up their natural executive power to the sovereign, except for the immediate self-preservation

  • a known (published) law

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 90

1

According to Locke, the first society was

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • church

  • master-servant, emerging from the state of war

  • commonwealth

  • family

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 90

1

The main difference between Hobbes' social contract and Locke's social contract is that

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Hobbes' contract includes all members, including the sovereign

  • Locke's contract includes all members, including the sovereign

  • Locke's contract requires all men to allow the commonwealth to employ their individual force, while Hobbes' doesnt

  • Hobbes' contract requires all men to allow the commonwealth to employ their individual force, while Locke's doesnt

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 90

1

According to Locke, which is not part of freedom

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • liberty of every one to do whatever he feels like

  • not being subject to the arbitrary will of another

  • use of reason

  • responsibility to act under the law

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 90

1

According to Locke, the power parents have over children

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • is the same as political power

  • arises from their duty to teach them reason

  • is vested only in the father, thus it is paternal power

  • lasts all their lives

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 90

1

According to Locke, the requirement to join a particular commonwealth is most closely linked to

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • paternal power: a child must remain in the same commonwealth as the father

  • the land the person claims as his own

  • the mother's membership

  • there are no such requirements: anyone can live anywhere and belong to any commonwealth

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 90

1

According to Locke, who is not part of civil society

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • slaves

  • wives

  • servants

  • children

Explicación

Pregunta 44 de 90

1

According to Locke, the basic requirement for the exercise of freedom is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • reason

  • caprice

  • cowardice

  • rebellion

Explicación

Pregunta 45 de 90

1

Paternal power

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • gives the father absolute, arbitrary control over the child

  • is granted for life to him who begat the child

  • is granted for as long as the child is in his care, until the child reaches the ability to reason

  • can never be held by a woman

Explicación

Pregunta 46 de 90

1

Unlike Hobbes, Locke argues that a promise made under threat of violence is not binding

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 47 de 90

1

Locke alls the power to engage the forces of one commonwealth in relation with another, for example entering alliances

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • permissive power

  • executive power

  • federative power

  • judicial power

Explicación

Pregunta 48 de 90

1

The exercise of power which another has a right to is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • democracy

  • aristocracy

  • monarchy

  • usurpation

Explicación

Pregunta 49 de 90

1

"Power in the hands of the prince to provide for the public good in such cases which, depending upon unforeseen and uncertain occurrences, certain and unalterable laws could not safely direct" is called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Salus Populi

  • Prerogative

  • Tyranny

  • Common law

Explicación

Pregunta 50 de 90

1

According to Locke, the supreme form of political power is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • judicial

  • executive

  • legislative

  • permissive

Explicación

Pregunta 51 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that human nature can change depending on the conditions he is in

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 52 de 90

1

Rousseau's "noble savage" in the state of nature lives for the benefit of his family

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 53 de 90

1

According to Rousseau, the idea that leads men into civil society is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • property

  • danger from outsiders

  • self-defense

  • family

Explicación

Pregunta 54 de 90

1

According to Rousseau, the first type of society for humans was the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • religious community

  • master-slave relationship

  • polis

  • family

Explicación

Pregunta 55 de 90

1

One of the key traits that keep humans in the state of nature from harming each other, according to Rousseau, is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • diffidence

  • pity

  • reason

  • competition

Explicación

Pregunta 56 de 90

1

The goal that led to much corruption with the early groups of people was

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • love

  • acceptance

  • pity

  • public esteem

Explicación

Pregunta 57 de 90

1

The two arts that produced a huge revolution in early societies were

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • writing and linguistics

  • science and painting

  • agriculture and metallurgy

  • religion and dance

Explicación

Pregunta 58 de 90

1

Who benefitted most from the institution of the first social contracts?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • the rich

  • the poor

  • the intelligent

  • the weak

Explicación

Pregunta 59 de 90

1

What is the nature of Rousseau's social contract as sketched in the Discourse

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • All agree to form a monarchy, but bind the sovereign power

  • the sovereign simply conquers the subjects, and agrees not to kill them as long as they are obedient

  • all but the sovereign (or Magistrate) agree to give rights to the sovereign, but the sovereign does not enter into the agreement

  • the populace agrees to obey, while the magistrate agrees to use his/their powers only in accordance with the intention of the constituenths

Explicación

Pregunta 60 de 90

1

What is the basis for inequality, according to Rousseau

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • natural differences in intelligence

  • natural differences in physical attributes

  • property

  • luck

Explicación

Pregunta 61 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that no man justly can give up liberty

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 62 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that the right of war does not justify slavery

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 63 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that social order is the basis of all other rights

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 64 de 90

1

According to Rousseau, the only natural society is the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • city

  • commonwealth

  • family

  • state

Explicación

Pregunta 65 de 90

1

According to Rousseau, the best legislator would be someone outside the commonwealth, although the laws would still have to be accepted by the sovereign

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 66 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that the notion of "might makes right" legitimizes rebellion

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 67 de 90

1

According to Rousseau, competition among factions is good for the society, as it creates political liberalism

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 68 de 90

1

Like Hobbes, Rousseau argues that all individuals give all their rights to the sovereign, who is not under any obligations because he/they does/do not enter into the contract

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 69 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that all citizens on an enemy state legitimately can be killed at any time

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 70 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that Hobbes' view of politics reduces men to so many herds of cattle to be devoured by the leader

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 71 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that the larger the state, the less liberty individuals have

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 72 de 90

1

The most vigorous government, according to Rousseau, is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • democracy

  • oligarchy

  • monarchy

  • aristocracy

Explicación

Pregunta 73 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that democracy is always the best form of government

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 74 de 90

1

Rousseau indicates that the government will never act in opposition to the sovereign

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 75 de 90

1

Rousseau states that elective aristocracies are better than hereditary aristocracies

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 76 de 90

1

According to Rousseau the mark of a good government is that

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • it has many artists

  • it has peace

  • its citizens increase and multiply

  • it conquers its neighbors

Explicación

Pregunta 77 de 90

1

The three wills that compete for a magistrate's acceptance include the following except

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • general will of the individual

  • collective will of the magistrates

  • private will of the individual

  • general will of the sovereign

Explicación

Pregunta 78 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that __________________ is the best form of government for very large states

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Tyranny

  • Democracy

  • Aristocracy

  • monarchy

Explicación

Pregunta 79 de 90

1

Which term encompasses all others, for Rousseau?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Governor

  • Magistrate

  • King

  • Prince

Explicación

Pregunta 80 de 90

1

Rousseau argues that the sovereign must have regular, scheduled meetings in which it reexamines its commitment of the executive power to a particular form of government and to the particular members of the government

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 81 de 90

1

Which was not a requirement mentioned by Rousseau for the legitimate assembly of comitia?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • the assembly had to be held on a day permitted by law

  • the magistrate calling the assembly had to have the proper authority

  • the auguries had to be favorable

  • the agenda had to be published beforehand

Explicación

Pregunta 82 de 90

1

When voting on issues, which question does Rousseau want citizens to answer

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Is the proposal advantageous to me?

  • Is this proposal harmful to our enemies

  • Is this proposal advantageous to the majority of citizens

  • Is this proposal advantageous to the state

Explicación

Pregunta 83 de 90

1

When the general will is strongest, the commonwealth needs few laws

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 84 de 90

1

Rousseau argued that the general will is harmed by factions

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 85 de 90

1

The two considerations for determining how much of a majority is needed to pass

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • number of citizens and geographic size of the state

  • importance of the issue and need for a speedy decision

  • none: it always requires just over 50% of votes cast

  • The right to speak on the issue and the number of citizens

Explicación

Pregunta 86 de 90

1

Rousseau opposes all censorship

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 87 de 90

1

Rousseau argued that all laws need to be passed by unanimous consent

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 88 de 90

1

Rousseau argued that once the commonwealth is established, residence is typically understood as consent to the social contract

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 89 de 90

1

According to Rousseau, dictators should occasionally be elected, but only for very brief terms

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 90 de 90

1

According to Rousseau, selection of government official in a democracy is best done by

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Examination

  • Trial by fire

  • Lot

  • Election

Explicación

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