Matthew Coulson
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Psychosis and Schizophrenia lecture given on 15/10/2018. Includes neurobiology descriptions of antipsychotics.

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Matthew Coulson
Creado por Matthew Coulson hace alrededor de 6 años
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Psychosis & Schizophrenia

Pregunta 1 de 34

1

Brian believes that his parents are trying to poison him because the government are controlling them. Which psychopathology term is most appropriate?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Grandiose delusion

  • Ideas of reference

  • Paranoid delusion

  • Auditory hallucination

  • loosening of associations

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 34

1

When Brian listens to the radio he can hear voices from elsewhere in the room telling him he must not think about the military information he has been given

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Functional hallucination

  • Gustatory hallucination

  • Passivity of thought

  • Thought insertion

  • Reactive affect

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 34

1

Which of the following describes the belief that one's thoughts or actions are controlled by an external agent?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Passivity of thought

  • Thought insertion

  • Reactive affect

  • Paranoid delusion

  • Loosening of associations

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 34

1

Brian believes that news articles on the television about world leaders’ phones being tapped are actually talking about him as he holds important government information

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Nihilistic delusion

  • Ideas of reference

  • Flight of ideas

  • Auditory hallucination

  • Visual hallucination

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 34

1

Schizophrenia is known to have a 78% heritability

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 34

1

What is heritability?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Likelihood of developing a trait if your monozygotic twin has it

  • Likelihood of developing a trait if your parent has it

  • Proportion of observable differences in a trait between individuals in a population that is due to genetic differences

  • Proportion of the range of genes involved in a multifactorial trait that you need to have in order to develop the trait

  • Likelihood of individuals with the trait having a genetic predisposition to it

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Schizophrenia is known to be caused by viral illness in the ( 2nd, 1st, 3rd ) trimester of pregnancy

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 34

1

Taking heroin makes an individual very liable to drug-induced psychosis

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 34

1

Patients with schizophrenia tend to have enlarged ventricles in their brain

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 34

1

The reductions in cerebral grey matter seen in schizophrenia patients is attributable to reduced arborisation, which is ...

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Neuronal loss in grey matter

  • Reduced dendritic communication with other neurons due to fewer number of dendrites

  • Slowed neuronal conduction due to neuronal damage

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 34

1

How many layers of grey matter exist in the brain?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • 6

  • 5

  • 9

  • 4

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Things that cause an increase of ( dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline ) in the brain are known to cause a psychotic state in humans.

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 34

1

Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

The mesolimbic pathway (reward system) originates in the area of the midbrain.

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 34

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Blockade of dopamine receptors in the ( nigrostriatal, tuberoinfundibular, mesolimbic ) pathway can cause some of the symptoms associated with antipsychotics such as Haloperidol, for example dystonia, parkinsonian symptoms and akathisia

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

The Nigrostriatal Pathway originates in the ( Substantia Nigra, Lentiform Nucleus, Globus Pallidus, Putamen, Caudate Nucleus ) and projects to the Dorsal Striatum

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 34

1

Atypical Antipsychotic:
Typical Antipsychotic:

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    Haloperidol
    Quetiapine
    Phenytoin

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 34

1

Is olanzapine a typical or atypical antipsychotic?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Typical

  • Atypical

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta de los menús desplegables para completar el texto.

( Atypical, Typical ) antipsychotics are more likely to cause metabolic syndrome as a side effect
( Typical, Atypical ) antipsychotics are more likely to cause extrapyramidal symptoms as a side effect

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

The action of Haloperidol is antagonism of mainly ( dopamine, serotonin, alpha, histamine, noradrenaline ) receptors

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

The action of Olanzapine is mainly as an antagonist of ( serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, histamine, alpha ) receptors

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 34

1

Extrapyramidal side effects of typical antipsychotics are caused by a D2 blockade affecting which dopaminergic pathway?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Mesolimbic pathway

  • Tuberoinfundibular pathway

  • Nigrostriatal pathway

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 34

1

Match the extrapyramidal side effect to its description:
: Sudden onset painful involuntary muscle spasm, usually affecting the neck/back/eye
: Onset of tremor and muscle stiffness
: A feeling of inner restlessness and inability to stay still
: Involuntary, repetitive body movements (typically orofacial) that can include grimacing, sticking out the tongue or smacking the lips

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    Acute Dystonic Reaction
    Parkinsonism
    Akathisia
    Tardive Dyskinesia
    Drug-Induced Chorea

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 34

1

Which of the following extra-pyramidal symptoms typically takes years to develop (due to chronic antipsychotic use) and is very difficult to treat?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Acute Dystonic Reaction

  • Parkinsonism

  • Akathisia

  • Tardive Dyskinesia

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 34

1

Some of the extrapyramidal side effects an be successfully treated using which one of the following medication types?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Anticholinergics

  • Antidepressants

  • Anticonvulsants

  • Antiepileptics

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 34

1

Which two of the following extrapyramidal side effects can be easily treated via anticholinergic medications?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Acute Dystonic Reaction

  • Parkinsonism

  • Akathisia

  • Tardive Dyskinesia

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 34

1

Dopamine Blockade also affects the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic pathway, leading to a buildup of which pituitary hormone?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Prolactin

  • Growth Hormone

  • LH

  • FSH

  • TSH

  • Oxytocin

  • Vasopressin

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Hyperprolactinaemia also causes lower oestrogen and testosterone levels, causing ( osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, coeliac disease, crohn's disease ).

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 34

1

Metabolic syndrome is a known complication of atypical antipsychotics such as olanzapine that antagonise serotonin receptors.

Metabolic syndrome can only be diagnosed when at least 3 of which 5 symptoms are present in a patient?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Central Obesity

  • Hypertension

  • Hyperglycaemia

  • High Serum Triglycerides

  • Low Serum HDL (cholesterol)

  • Low Serum LDL (cholesterol)

  • Hypoglycaemia

  • Hypotension

  • Hypothyroidism

  • Low Serum Calcium

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 34

1

Brian finds that the olanzapine helps him to sleep much better at night. Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in this effect?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Serotonin

  • Acetylcholine

  • Dopamine

  • Noradrenaline

  • Histamine

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 34

1

After taking Haloperidol, Brian develops a tremor and muscular stiffness. Which neuroreceptors are primarily involved in this effect?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Serotonin

  • Acetylcholine

  • Dopamine

  • Noradrenaline

  • Histamine

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 34

1

Which antipsychotic is least likely to cause a recurrence of his parkinsonism?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Risperidone

  • Olanzapine

  • Chlorpromazine

  • Quetiapine

  • Zuclopentixol

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 34

1

Haloperidol antagonises dopamine receptors in the pituitary gland. Which side effect is caused by this?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Akathisia

  • Sexual Dysfunction

  • Acromegaly

  • Apathy

  • Sedation

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 34

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

After two failed trials of antipsychotics, which specific antipsychotic is usually given, under close observation?
( Clozapine, Mirtazapine, Cariprazine, Asenapine, Risperidone )

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 34

1

Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

Patients taking Clozapine have their blood checked very often (once a week for first 6 months) as these patients are liable to developing , which could kill them.

Explicación

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