The Populist Party’s demands for reform included which of the following?
more direct elections
the elimination of the income tax
freer immigration policies
Which of the following was not a vehicle for the farmers’ protest?
the Grange
the Mugwumps
the Farmers’ Alliance
the People’s Party
Mark Twain’s Gilded Age is a reference to ________.
conditions in the South in the pre-Civil War era
the corrupt politics ofthe populist movement the post-Civil War
the Republican Party lost its political dominance.
Which U.S. President was assassinated?
James Garfield
Rutherford B. Hayes
Chester Arthur
Benjamin Harrison
Which president made significant steps towards civil service reform?
Grover Cleveland
Chester A. Arthur
Roscoe Conkling
According to the theory that the Wizard of Oz was inspired by the march of Coxey's Army, the Scarecrow represents the American Farmer. The Tin Woodman represents the industrial worker. The Cowardly Lion is William Jennings Bryan. And, the "seemingly powerful but ultimately impotent" Wizard of Oz is a representation of _____________________ .
Jacob Coxey
the American people
Congress
the President
Why did the Republican Party lose political dominance in the 1870s and 1880s?
Republicans were criticized for granting government assistance to settlers.
Several third parties that opposed Republican policies were formed.
Americans were disappointed by the failure of Reconstruction-era policies.
What characterized the era known as the Gilded Age?
great economic diversity
unequaled economic prosperity
sweeping economic changes
What is the era towards the end of the nineteenth century, characterized by great transformation, commonly called today?
Reconstruction
the Gilded Age
the Transformative Age
the Age of Reason
Why was the period towards the end of the nineteenth century known as the Gilded Age?
1t was the period in which the United States adopted the gold standard.
It was characterized by pretense and fraud.
It was a time when most American prospered financially.
Which of the following was most responsible for the economic difficulties in the 1890s?
droughts and dust storms in the Western territories
perceived instability of the U.S. currency
over-speculation in the American stock market
How were members of Coxey’s Army received when they arrived in Washington?
They were given jobs.
They were given an audience with the president.
They were given an audience with members of Congress.
They were arrested.
What position did the Populist Party support?
Congressmen should be appointed by governors instead of directly elected.
The federal income tax should be eliminated in favor of local and sales taxes.
The government should own all railroads and telephone and telegraph lines.
During the late 1800's,
the two major political parties remained unchallenged.
Presidential elections resulted in overwhelming victories.
U.S. Presidents had very little political power.
U.S. Presidents enjoyed immense political power.
Farmers and laborers who were displeased with the actions of the Republicans and Democrats in the 1890s formed which party as a response?
the Communist Party
the Prohibitionist Party
the Populist Party
the Greenback Party
Which of the following does not represent one of the ways in which William Jennings Bryan appealed to Populists?
He advocated for higher tariffs.
He supported the subtreasury system.
He came from farm country.
He supported free silver.
A Mugwump is
a liberal Democrat
a supporter of the spoils system
a former member of the Republican Party
a moderate Stalwart
What was an unintended result of the failure of Reconstruction-era policies?
Railroads and telegraphs were transferred into public ownership.
The Republican Party lost its political dominance.
Settlers in the Western territories suffered economically.
Which of the following contributed directly to the plight of farmers?
inadequate supply
labor unions
machine politics
overproduction
How did the Great Compromise of 1877 influence the election?
It encouraged southern states to support Hayes.
It gave new power to northern Republicans.
It gave the federal government new powers.
It allowed a bilateral government agreement.
A program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systematically controlling costs and work practices.
''scientific management''
American standard of living
''effective freedom''
Industrial Workers of the World
Federal Reserve System
After leaving the Republican Party, Theodore Roosevelt ran for a third term as a candidate for what party?
the Conservation Party
the Progressive Party
the Labor Party
As a Progressive president, Theodore Roosevelt:
dismantled the Interstate Commerce Commission.
supported the conservation movement.
demanded less economic regulation.
supported the interests of big business.
established the Federal Reserve system.
Educated middle-class women during the Progressive period
began to perform the same work as men in factories and on farms.
assumed a more active role in the economy as consumers.
were actively involved in reform movements.
Eugene V. Debs was:
an immigrant.
a Socialist candidate for president.
elected vice president in 1912.
a railroad tycoon
a Social Darwinist.
Eugenics is the:
movement toward colonization in Africa by blacks from the United States.
modification of human behavior as described by famed psychiatrist Sigmund Freud.
practice of using poison gas by the Germans during World War I.
study of the supposed mental characteristics of different races.
Socialist system of infiltration of the labor unions within the United States.
Frederick Winslow Taylor’s management system was designed to make industry more efficient by doing which of the following?
increasing the quality of goods produced
decreasing repetition in producing goods
increasing the productivity of workers
How did some Progressives of the early twentieth century justify segregation and exclusion of African-Americans from the democratic process?
by supporting groups that promoted racial justice
by citing eugeniscists theories concerning race
by comparing past and present racial situations
In the presidential election of 1916, Woodrow Wilson:
was reelected when he promised to support the war effort.
used the campaign slogan “He kept us out of war.”
received fewer votes in states where women had the right to vote.
chose not to run for reelection.
lost to the Republican candidate, Charles Evans Hughes.
In which part of the country were the first states to grant women suffrage?
the East
the West
the South
Jane Addams:
supported anti-immigrant legislation.
believed in Social Darwinism.
was an economist.
was a birth-control advocate.
advocated for the working poor.
Muckrakers:
criticized the working poor.
were applauded by John D. Rockefeller.
generally sympathized with industrial corporations.
exposed the problems of industrial and urban life.
included no women.
Newspaper and magazine writers, who exposed the ills of industrial and urban life, fueling the progressive movement, were known as:
yellow journalists.
social reformers.
muckrakers.
freelancers
trustees.
Scientific management:
was a way to ensure industrial freedom.
was introduced by Samuel Gompers.
was welcomed by skilled workers.
was pioneered by Frederick W. Taylor.
put worker concerns ahead of profit.
The Eighteenth Amendment:
prohibited the manufacture and sale of any German products.
barred states from passing laws prohibiting alcohol manufacture or sale.
was never ratified.
protected the beer industry.
prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.
The Industrial Workers of the World:
was a union within the American Federation of Labor.
represented skilled workers only.
was led by Eugene Debs.
organized only women workers.
advocated a workers’ revolution.
The Nineteenth Amendment did which of the following?
allowed for a federal income tax
granted women the right to vote
prohibited the distribution of alcohol
The Nineteenth Amendment:
prohibited states from denying Chinese immigrants the right to vote.
barred states from using sex as a qualification for voting.
prohibited states from denying any immigrants the right to vote.
barred states from using race as a qualification for voting.
The Progressive movement drew its strength from:
military leaders.
farmers.
middle-class reformers.
big business.
socialists.
The Progressive presidents were:
Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland, and William McKinley.
Grover Cleveland, William McKinley, and Theodore Roosevelt.
William Howard Taft, Woodrow Wilson, and Warren G. Harding.
Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, and Rutherford B. Hayes
Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson.
The Triangle Shirtwaist fire:
brought in its wake increased union organizing among New York City garment workers and much-needed safety legislation.
was the worst fire in U.S. history.
resulted in laws that banned all manufacturing in New York.
destroyed the business, but there were no casualties.
occurred during the Uprising of the 20,000.
The word Progressivism came into common use around 1910 as:
denoting a group that appealed only to women.
an anti-business term.
a way of describing a broad, loosely defined political movement of individuals and groups.
another term for socialism.
representing those who advocated revolution.
What was the goal of the Niagara Movement founded in 1906 by W.E.B. DuBois?
to stop the spread of urban poverty
to shift the focus of African Americans from politics to self-improvement through education and jobs
political, economic, and social equality for African Americans
Which “muckraking” journalist advocated the reforms that led to the Pure Food and Drug Act?
Jacob Riis
Ida Tarbell
Upton Sinclair
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Progressive reformers?
Progressives were mainly urban and middle class.
Progressives pursued radical alternatives to capitalism.
Progressives were involved in a variety of reforms in the political, economic, and social realms.
Progressives believed in the spirit of human progress.
Progressives implemented several of the reforms advocated earlier by Populists.
Which of the following reform movements’ advocates were mostly women?
prohibition
conservationism
trade unionism
Which of the following social groups was NOT heavily involved in the Progressive movement?
white Protestants
big-city-machine politicians
the urban middle class
women
muckraker journalists
Which person was a Supreme Court justice and a Progressive reformer who advocated for the labor movement, free speech, and privacy?
Louis Brandeis
Woodrow Wilson
Eugene V. Debs
Theodore Roosevelt
Samuel Gompers
Which U.S. President of the Progressive Era was most involved in conservationism?
William Howard Taft
Who was NOT a candidate in the 1912 presidential election?
William Jennings Bryan
Eugene Debs
Why did the United States express limited interest in overseas expansion in the 1860s and 1870s?
post-Civil War reconstruction
the Anti-Imperialist League
Manifest Destiny
fear of attacks on their borders
Which of the following did Mahan not believe was needed to build an American empire?
the reopening of the American frontier
a canal through Central America
a navy
military bases around the world
Which is not one of the reasons the Anti- Imperial League gave for opposing the creation of an American empire?
concerns about the integration of other races
fear of competition from foreign workers
fear that the United States would suffer a foreign invasion
concerns that empire building ran counter to American democratic principles
How did Hay’s suggestion of an open door policy in China benefit the United States over other nations?
The United States was the only nation granted permission to collect taxes on the goods it traded within China’s borders.
The United States produced goods of better quality and lower cost than other countries.
The United States enjoyed a historically stronger relationship with the Chinese government.
The United States controlled more foreign ports than other countries.
How did the Boxer Rebellion strengthen American ties with China?
The United States sent arms and financial support to the Chinese government.
The United States provided troops to fight the rebels.
The United States thwarted attempts by Great Britain and Germany to fortify the rebels.
The United States supported the rebels and gained their support.
How did Colombia react to the United States’ proposal to construct a canal through Central America?
They preferred to build such a canal themselves.
They felt that Roosevelt’s deal did not offer enough money.
They preferred that no canal be built at all.
They agreed to sell land to the United States to build the canal, but in a less advantageous location than the Panamanians.
With the Roosevelt Corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine), Roosevelt sought to establish ________.
the idea that Latin America was free and independent from foreign intervention
the consequences for any European nation that involved itself in Latin American affairs
the need for further colonization efforts in the Western Hemisphere
the right of the United States to involve itself in Latin American affairs whenever necessary
Why did some Central American nations object to Taft’s paying off their debt to Europe with U.S. dollars?
because they wanted Asian countries to pay off their debts instead
because it made them indebted to the United States.
because they were forced to give land grants to the United States in return
because American currency wasn’t worth as much as local currencies
What two countries were engaged in a negotiation that led to the created of the Lodge Corollary?
Mexico and Japan
Nicaragua and France
Mexico and Spain
Colombia and Japan
Who is famous for his "Frontier Thesis" and advocated for expansion and American imperialism?
Alfred Mahan
Brooks Adams
Fredrick Turner
In the early 1890's, when the natives of this sugar producing island expressed anti-american resentment, Americans staged a armed revolt to protect its business interests.
Cuba
Hawaii
Philippines
Columbia
From a moral perspective, how was U.S. imperialism justified in the early twentieth century?
Americans felt that they were spiritually helping the conquered people.
Americans believed that the conquered people wanted to build their own businesses.
Americans helped the conquered people by preserving their way of life.
How did the Roosevelt administration react to Colombia’s refusal to allow the construction of a canal across the Isthmus of Panama?
by invading Colombia and holding its cities under siege
by offering to invest in Colombia’s major industries
by aiding Panama in declaring independence from Colombia
In the early 1900s, what was a significant factor in the establishment of the United States as a major global power?
its vast western frontier
its growing overseas empire
its debtor status
The policy of “dollar diplomacy” employed during William Howard Taft’s presidency involved which of the following?
sending direct aid to foreign countries
investing in bonds in foreign countries
making loans to foreign countries
The Roosevelt Corollary asserted which of the following?
the right to intervene in Latin American conflicts
the right to limit immigration from certain countries
the right to protect American industry from potential threats
The United States established the Open Door Policy to allow all other nations to trade with which country?
Japan
China
the Philippines
What was the primary motivator for U.S. intervention in Central America in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
colonial competition
economic gain
missionary zeal
Which of these was the first to be annexed by the United States?
Alaska
Guam
Which event was most responsible for causing the Spanish American War?
the interception of the Zimmerman Telegram
the U.S. invasion of Cuba
the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine
“The Great Migration” refers to:
Indian removal.
blacks moving from the North to the South.
whites settling the West.
blacks moving from the South to the North.
the massive influx of southern and eastern European immigrants.
As war broke out in Europe, Americans:
supported U.S. involvement.
mostly supported the British.
mostly supported the Germans.
were rather ambivalent.
were deeply divided.
In order to pursue his goal of using American influence overseas only when it was a moral imperative, Wilson put which man in the position of Secretary of State?
Charles Hughes
John Pershing
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Why was the German use of the unterseeboot considered to defy international law?
because they constituted cruel and unusual methods
because other countries did not have similar technology
because no international consensus existed to employ submarine technology
because they refused to warn their targets before firing
Which of the following was not enacted in order to secure men and materials for the war effort?
the War Industries Board
the Selective Service Act
the Sedition Act
the Food Administration
What of the following was not used to control American dissent against the war effort?
repressive legislation
National Civil Liberties Bureau
propaganda campaigns
loyalty leagues
Why did the war not increase overall prosperity?
because workers had no bargaining power due to the “no-strike pledge”
because women and African American men were paid less for the same work
because inflation made the cost of living C. higher
because wages were lowered due to the war effort
What was Article X in the Treaty of Versailles?
the Allies’ division of Germany’s holdings in Asia
the agreement that all nations in the League of Nations would be rendered equal
the refusal to allow Bolshevik Russia membership in the League of Nations
the “war guilt clause” that France required
Which of the following was not a destabilizing factor immediately following the end of the war?
political paranoia
high inflation and economic uncertainty
a flu pandemic
a women’s liberation movement
What was the inciting event that led to the Chicago Race Riot of 1919?
a protest march of black activists
a strike at a local factory
the assault of a white man on a streetcar by black youths
the murder of a black boy who swam too close to a white beach
When Carranza attempted to protect Mexico's mineral rights against American oil companies, President Wilson threw his support to this rebel leader.
Cesar Chavez
Victoriano Huerta
Deigo Rivera
Pancho Villa
Dollar Diplomacy was:
applied only in Asia.
put in place by Woodrow Wilson regarding Mexico.
characteristic of the foreign policy of Theodore Roosevelt.
seldom used and never successfully.
used by William Howard Taft instead of military intervention.
During World War I, federal powers:
stayed the same.
expanded greatly.
were limited.
were delegated to the states.
changed little.
For what reason did most of the opponents of the League of Nations believe that the United States should not join it?
It was a weak organization that was likely to be unsuccessful.
It would increase U.S. involvement in its allies’ affairs.
It intended to aggressively force other countries to join.
From 1914 to 1916, U.S. intervention in Mexico:
demonstrated the weaknesses of Wilson’s foreign policy.
liberated Mexico from Spain.
was welcomed by the Mexican people.
led to the U.S. takeover of Mexico.
demonstrated that the United States could successfully use force to reorder the affairs of nations.
Senators opposing America’s participation in the League of Nations:
were convinced that Great Britain was not going to join, thus making it a weak organization.
believed that it was too complicated an organization to join.
argued that it would threaten to deprive the country of its freedom of action.
were ultimately defeated, and the United States joined the league in 1921.
complained that they would only support it if the league was located in New York.
The Committee on Public Information:
was affiliated with the Socialist Party.
was a government agency that sought to shape public opinion.
was directed by William Jennings Bryan.
protected civil liberties.
was limited in its efforts.
The Fourteen Points attempted to:
quiet growing criticism from the Republicans that Wilson was an inept leader.
consolidate political power at home.
organize alliances after the war among fourteen prominent nations.
provide a peace agenda to create a new democratic world order.
outline the Progressive Party’s campaign platform for the 1920 election.
The Palmer Raids were targeted towards which group of people?
Radicals
Alchohol smugglers
Germans
The Treaty of Versailles:
required Germany to pay over $33 billion in reparations.
was a fair and reasonable document given the circumstances.
allowed Germany equal participation in the negotiation process.
declared Ireland’s independence.
rejected Wilson’s idea for a League of Nations.
What was one cause of the United States’ involvement in World War I?
the assassination of Francis Ferdinand
Unrestricted Submarine warfare
Wilson’s re-election campaign
Which of the following events triggered the actions that led to World War I?
the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
the Germans’ sinking of the Lusitania
Which of the following events was not used to justify the United States’ entry into World War I in 1917?
the interception of the Zimmermann telegram
Selected Service Act
Which of the following was an indirect outcome of the United States’ entering World War I?
Southern African-Americans migrated to northern cities.
Law prohibited the production and sale of alcohol.
Women were granted the constitutional right to vote.
The sinking of the Lusitania was the immediate cause for U.S. entry into WWI.
