Cell Biology Questions

What is the main difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?

What type of organisms are prokaryotes?

What is the function of mitochondria?

What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

How are xylem cells adapted to their function?

How is a sperm cell adapted to its function?

What word means how many times bigger a microscope image is than its actual size?

What is the formula for calculating magnification?

What is the name for how bacteria reproduce?

How many pairs of chromosomes would you find in a normal human body cell?

What is a chromosome made of?

If you wanted to grow some bacteria in the laboratory how could you make sure your plate was not contaminated?

What has to happen in a cell before it can divide?

What is the name of the type of cell division that makes new identical cells?

Why do you need cell division to happen in your body?

What type of cells can change (differentiate) into other types of cell?

Why do some people object to using stem cells in medical treatments?

By what process can oxygen and carbon dioxide cross cell membranes in the lungs?

What makes diffusion occur faster?

By what process can water move across cell membranes eg in plant roots?

What process requires energy from respiration to move molecules against their concentration gradient?

What is moved into plants by active transport process?

What happens to plant cells if water moves out by osmosis?

What happens to animal cells if they take in too much water by osmosis?

What name is given to a solution with lots of solute (eg salt) in it so it has more salt than the cells present?

What enzyme is produced by the salivary glands and what does it break down?

Why is the stomach acidic?

What does bile do?

What is the job of the pancreas in the digestive system?

What are the two parts of the small intestine called?

Why does the ileum have villi?

What happens to enzymes if body temperature rises too high?

Why does each enzyme only work on one substrate?

What enzyme breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol?

What are the 4 chambers of the heart called?

What is the only artery in the body to carry deoxygenated blood?

What is blood made up of?

Why does your blood need to clot using platelets if you cut yourself?

Which type of blood vessel has very thin walls to allow exchange of substances with cells?

Which blood vessels become blocked leading to heart disease?

Why do veins have valves?

Which layer of the leaf carries out most photosynthesis?

Which layer of the leaf has air spaces for carbon dioxide to diffuse in?

What name is given to the holes in the underside of leaves which are controlled by guard cells and allow carbon dioxide into the leaf?

By what process is water lost from leaves?

What is translocation?

How is xylem tissue adapted to its job?

Why is transpiration usually faster in summer in the UK?