Vitamin K is essential for the activation of which four coagulation factors?
Factor I
Factor II
Factor IIII
Factor IV
Factor V
Factor VI
Factor VII
Factor VIII
Factor IX
Factor X
Haemophilia A is a deficiency of Factor VIII VII IX X V( VIII, VII, IX, X, V ) Haemophilia B is a deficiency of Factor IX V VII VIII X( IX, V, VII, VIII, X )
All clotting factors are produced in which organ? The
In terms of dietary intake, Vitamin K deficiency can occur in those who consume low amounts of green, leafy foods meat (such as beef, lamb, chicken) oily fish( green, leafy foods, meat (such as beef, lamb, chicken), oily fish )
Vitamin K requires the presence of salts in order to be successfully absorbed in the intestines.
All babies are given an injection of at birth to prevent the development of Haemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn
A man presents to A&E after being hit by a lorry whilst riding his motorbike. Multiple severe fractures are found by the attending doctors. After a short period of time in the hospital the nurses start to notice that the man is bleeding from his venflon sites and has also developed a diffuse purpura. What condition is this man likely suffering from?
How should DIC be treated in acute care?
Treat the cause of the DIC (fractures, sepsis, etc)
Give emergency clotting factors and platelets via FFP and platelet transfusion
Emergency blood transfusion to replace the blood lost via the DIC
Prothrombin time tests for the presence of which coagulation factor?
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) tests for the presence of which two clotting factors?
The enzyme prothrombinase comprises which two coagulation factors?
Factor Va
Factor VIa
Factor VIIa
Factor VIIIa
Factor IXa
Factor Xa
D-dimers are the main degradation product of which of the following structures?
Fibrin
Plasmin
Thrombin
shock is one of the common causes of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
What inheritance pattern does haemophilia (both A and B) typically follow?
X-linked recessive
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal recessive
Which type of Haemophilia is most common?
Haemophilia A (Factor VIII deficiency)
Haemophilia B (Factor IX deficiency)
Which two joints are typically affected by bleeds in haemophilia patients, leading to haemarthrosis?
Knee
Elbow
Ankle
Wrist
Acromioclavicular
Hip
Haemophilia affects ...
Secondary Haemostasis only
Primary Haemostasis only
Both Primary and Secondary Haemostasis
Venous thrombosis is a low pressure system whereby only the secondary primary( secondary, primary ) haemostatic system is activated, leading to a rich fibrin platelet( fibrin, platelet ) clot.
Virchow's Triad:
Blood flow stasis
Endothelial injury/dysfunction
Hypercoagulability
Hypertension
High MCV
Hypocoagulability
Hypercholesterolaemia
Pulmonary embolism usually presents in a patient as a specific type of chest pain, described as chest pain
Thrombophilia is a known risk factor for deep vein thrombosis
Oestrogen therapy increases the risk of an individual suffering a DVT
Which clotting factor does Von WIllebrand Factor bind to in the blood, thus preventing its degradation?
Define Thrombophilia: ❌
Thrombophilia screening should be considered for a patient who has experienced a DVT below the age of 45 55 65( 45, 55, 65 )
Warfarin is an antagonist of
Thus, Warfarin treatment obstructs the action of which four of the following clotting factors?
Factor III
Long term coagulation, whilst reducing the risk of thrombosis also in turn reduces the risk of a serious haemorrhage occurring
A 37 year old woman presents to her GP after her 3rd miscarriage in the past 4 years. She is desperate for help and doesn't think she can go through the emotional stress of another miscarried pregnancy. Her only past medical history of note is asthma and two previous Deep Vein Thromboses. What condition is the woman likely suffering from?
Which of the following autoantibodies is a strong indicator of antiphospholipid syndrome?
Lupus anticoagulant
Anti-nuclear antibody
Anti-dsDNA
Anti-centromere antibody
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
Anti-CCP
Which of the following treatment regimes would be suitable for a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome?
Aspirin + Warfarin
Aspirin only
Warfarin only
acid is a medication used to treat or prevent excessive blood loss in cases of major trauma.