Responding to continuing upheavals in the postwar world order and to significant social changes that up-ended traditional American culture and values, most Americans in the 1920's did all of the following EXCEPT
condemn un-American lifestyles
struggle to achieve economic prosperity
shun diplomatic commitments to foreign countries
support severe restrictions on immigration
The "red scare" of early 1920s was set up by:
the Sacco-Vanzetti case
the rise of Radical Industrial Workers of the World
the Bolshevik revolution in Russia
an influx of radical immigrants
How did the business sector use the red scare to its advantage in the 1920s?
It cooperated with Federal and State Governments to destroy fledgling unions such as the IWW
It generally accepted the rights of the unions to organize and collectively bargain in order to gain labor peace
It secured passage of a federal law making most union-organizing activity illegal
Business people refused to hire any socialists, communists, or other workers advocating radical ideologies
Besides attacking minorities like Catholics, Blacks, and Jews, the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s opposed contemporary cultural and social changes such as:
Evolution and Birth Control
Prohibition and Higher Education
Automobiles and Airplanes
Patriotism and Immigration Restriction
The quota system established for immigration in 1920s was based partly on the idea that:
America could accept the refugees created by war and revolution in Europe
Immigrants from Northern and Western Europe were superior to those from Southern and Eastern Europe
Immigration from Europe would be largely replaced by immigration from Asia
Priority in immigration would be based on family relations, profession, and education
Which of the following was most important in prompting Americans to support the Immigration Act of 1924?
Increased migration of blacks to the North
A nativist belief that northern Europeans were culturally superior to the waves of Eastern and Southern Europeans who had arrived in America over the last forty years
A desire to abolish the quota system in the United States
A desire to halt immigration from Latin America
The separation of many American ethnic groups into separate neighborhood with their own distinct institutions, cultures, and values meant that:
English was no longer the dominant language in U.S.
the U.S. was intolerant of ethnic differences
Catholics and Jews had a political base from which to gain the presidency
it was almost impossible to organize the American working class across ethnic and religious lives
Which of the following would a cultural pluralist such as Horace Kallen, Randolph Bourne, or Louis Brandeis NOT support
An American melting-pot cultural ideology that advocated eliminating ethnic differences
Tighter legal restrictions on immigration from all parts of Europe
Greater cross-fertilization among all immigrants to promote a cosmopolitan interchange of customs, cultural ideas, and traditions
Permitting immigrants to celebrate their respective cultural and religious holidays publicly in the United States
One clear result of prohibition was:
a rise in criminal organizations that supplied illegal liquor
an improvement in family relations and the general moral tone of the society
a turn from alcohol to other forms of substance abuse
the rise of voluntary self-help organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous
Which of the following represented a key obstacle to working class solidarity and union organizing in the United States during this period?
Employers' devious use of ethnic tensions and rivalries among workers to thwart union activities and working-class solidarity
The absence of a progressive reform impulse in America
The growing influence of communists and other radicals in the labor movement
The general satisfaction of most workers with the wages, benefits, and working conditions provided by their employers
All of the following undermined the effective enforcement of prohibition laws against alcohol in America EXCEPT:
historically weak central government control over the private spheres of Americans' lives
the fierce hostility of the majority - or a strong minority - of Americans to the prohibition of alcohol
alcohol smuggling and distribution operations sponsored in Canada and the West Indies and by organized crime syndicates
overwhelming popular opposition to prohibition in the South and the West
The American city where gangsterism flourished most blatantly in the 1920s was?
New York City
Los Angeles
Chicago
New Orleans
According to John Dewey, the primary goal of progressive education should be to:
instill discipline and character in young people
emphasize the liberal arts over the natural sciences in teaching curricula
develop specialized functional skills for employment
educate students for life through active, participatory learning methods
Which of the following was NOT an outcome of the 1925 Scopes Monkey Trial?
Fundamentalist religion continued to be a vibrant force in American spiritual life
It was a hollow victory for the fundamentalist cause because the scientific absurdities of its position were revealed
It was a complete legal vindication of a teacher's right to teach evolution in the public schools of Tennessee
It was the final appearance in influential civic life of former presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan
The essential issue in the Scopes Trial was whether:
scientists ought to be allowed to investigate the biological origins of humanity
the teachings of Darwin could be reconciled with those of religion
Darwinian evolutionary science could be taught in the public schools
Fundamentalist Protestantism could be taught in the public schools
How did American business in the 1920s attempt to solve the problem of developing enormous universal markets for its mass-produced goods?
American business developed a large range of product variations
American business nurtured the birth and development of consumer advertising
American business engaged in fierce price-competition wars
American business introduced direct selling through catalogs and door-to-door solicitations
What dark cloud hung over the economic prosperity enjoyed by Americans in the 1920s?
An enormous amount of American consumer debt
The inability of American business to produce sufficient numbers of products to meet increasing consumer demand
Superfluous government spending that threatened to crowd out private investment in the booming economy
An excessive level of savings by Americans that dampened consumer spending
The most highly acclaimed industrial innovator of the new mass-production economy was:
Babe Ruth
Bruce Barton
Ransom E. Olds
Henry Ford
One of the primary social effects of the new automobile age was:
a weakening of traditional family ties between parents and youth
closing of the gap between the working class and the wealthy
increased dependence of women on men
tightening of restrictions on women
What did the 1920 census reveal about the lives of Americans?
For the first time in the nations history, most adult women were employed outside the home
For the first time in the nations history, most men worked in manufacturing
For the first time in the nations history, more Americans lived in the cities than in the countryside
For the first time in the nations history, more American families had fewer than four children
Radio and the movies both had the cultural effect of:
increasing Americans' interest in history and literature
increasing mass standardization and weakening traditional forms of culture
undermining the tendency of industry toward big business and mass production
encouraging creativity and cultural independence among the people
In the 1920s the major changes pursued by American women were:
voting rights and political equality
economic equality and equal pay for equal work
social reform and family welfare
cultural freedom and expanded sexual experience
The primary achievement of the Universal Negro Improvement Association was:
its promotion of black jazz and blues
its positive impact of black racial pride
its economic development program in Harlem
its transportation of numerous blacks to Liberia
What did many Americans point to in order to justify their new sexual frankness?
The increased consumption of alcohol
The decline of fundamentalism
The rise of the women's movement
The theories of Sigmund Freud
The literacy figure who promoted many new writers of the 1920s in his magazine, The American Mercury, was?
H.L. Mencken
W.C. Haney
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Henry Adams
Which socioeconomic group bore the heaviest tax burden in the 1920s as a result of the tax policies of Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon?
Middle-income groups
The Wealthy
The Working Class
The Business Community
Many of the prominent new writers of the 1920s were:
fascinated by their historical roots in old New England
disgusted with European influences on American culture
interested especially in nature and social reform
highly critical of American "Puritanism" and small-town life
