L6 The parasympathetic nervous system and cholinergic neurotransmission

Stimulation of the PNS is more organ specific, with discrete innervation. Ganglia are ❌ to the organs.
Parasympathetic pre-ganglionic nerve endings release ❌, which acts on ❌ receptors. This is the ❌ as the sympathetic pre-ganglionic nerve endings.
Post-ganglionic nerve endings release ACh which acts on ❌ receptors. This is ❌ to the sympathetic post-ganglionic nerves as they release ❌ to act on ❌ receptors.
Remember, muscarinic receptors give slower ❌ responses.

M1 receptors are ❌, and found in the autonomic and enteric ❌, gastric ❌, and ❌ cortex. M2 receptors are cardiac, found in the ❌. M3 receptors are glandular and smooth muscular innervating, and are found in ❌ glands, smooth muscle (❌) and blood ❌.
M4 and M5 are within the ❌ only.

Muscarinic agonists mimic the action of ❌ at muscarinic receptors. They are agonists at ❌ nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, but more potent at ❌ receptors. They have ❌ important clinical uses, but the treatment of ❌ is one of them. M agonists ❌ the ciliary muscle for better ❌ in the eye, to ❌ pressure.

Muscarinic antagonists are ❌ drugs and ❌ antagonists. All muscarinic antagonists show similar ❌ effects. CNS effects, ❌ and seen especially in children, include restlessness, agitation, hyperactivity, and hyperthermia (from no ❌).

Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit ❌ from degrading and recycling ❌, and therefore increase ACh, enhancing cholinergic ❌. They inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma/butylcholinesterases about equally.
Anticholinergic toxidrome (unwanted ❌ at therapeutic dose) includes mental ❌, mydriasis(pupil ❌ causing poor eyesight), flushed skin, dry skin, and dry mucous membranes.