Calcium channel blockers act at L-type ❌-gated calcium channels. L-type are ❌-lasting, and large, and located in skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle. The blockers ❌ to the α1 subunit.
Most calcium channel blockers are dihydropyridines which have:
- ❌ at C4
- ❌ at C3 and C5
- ❌ group
Those funded in NZ are amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, nifedipine, and nimodipine. All racemic except nifedapine.
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Electron withdrawing
Electron withdrawing