PSY 1011

Pregunta 1 de 120

1

Psychology is best defined as the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

use of scientific methods to study the elements of human consciousness
search for the most successful treatment for people with emotional, cognitive, or neurological disorders
science of behaviour and mental processes
study of the human experience from birth to old age

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 120

1

A psychologist with a humanistic approach would state that behaviour is driven by

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

genetics
choices
instincts
rewards

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 120

1

Travis studies unconscious desires and how these result in interpersonal difficulties. This research area falls into which approach?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

psychoanalyst
cognitive psychologist
functionalist
structuralist

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 120

1

If you were to study consciousness by having your friends use introspection and report the results to you, your research method would be most similar to that used by

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

structuralists
cognitive psychologists
psychoanalysts
functionalists

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 120

1

Sigmund Freud developed which approach to psychology?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

humanistic
behaviourist
psychodynamic
biological

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 120

1

A developmental psychologist is concerned about

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

psychological issues, problems, and mental health disorders within the public
wellbeing across the lifespan
applying psychological knowledge to the field of law and criminal justice
the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders associated with brain conditions

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 120

1

Monoism is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a belief that the mind and body are separate from each other
a belief that genetics, physiology, and neurochemistry underpin our thoughts, feelings, and behaviours
a belief that the mind and body act as one
a belief that the structure of the brain accounts for our thoughts, feelings, and behaviours

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 120

1

Learning is best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the process of adapting to stimuli that do not change, and can occur in relation to sight, sounds, smells, tastes, or touches
a relatively permanent change in behaviour through experience
the disruption of homeostasis
an increase in responsiveness to stimulus

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 120

1

In classical conditioning, what elicits the conditioned response after pairing?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

unconditioned stimulus
neutral stimulus
preconditioned stimulus
positive stimulus

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 120

1

If a reinforcer or punisher is delivered only some of the time after a particular response occurs, what schedule of reinforcement is being used?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

continuous
partial
fixed-ratio
variable-ratio

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 120

1

What is Premack's principle?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the constant maintenance of a list of behavioural preferences, ranked from most desirable to least desirable
the fact that if a reinforcer is stronger if it comes soon after a response has occurred
a reinforcer that meets an organisms basic needs
a reinforcer that is a reward people or animals learn to like

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 120

1

Stephanie is studying her vocabulary words for German class. Each time she reads the German word and thinks of the English equivalent, she finds it easier to recall the meaning. Stephanie’s experience is best explained by the role of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

classical conditioning
latent learning
neural networks
operant conditioning

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 120

1

Tess' mum often deals with her misbehaviour by not allowing her to go on her phone, whilst Rachael's mum deals with her misbehaviour by giving her extra chores for the week, Tess' mum is using _ and Rachael's mum is using

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

positive punishment, positive punishment
positive punishment, negative punishment
negative punishment, positive punishment
negative punishment, negative punishment

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 120

1

Which of the following is true of taste-aversion conditioning?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

it almost never occurs in the animal kingdom
it occurs most readily when taste is paired with visual stimuli
it requires very short time intervals between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli
it appears to have an adaptive value

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 120

1

If Simone is to stop at a red light in order to avoid a fine, she is demonstrating ____ learning

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

avoidance
escape
shaping
latent

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 120

1

The role of the learner is ____ in classical conditioning

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

active
stable
passive
fast

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 120

1

Learned helplessness is best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

learning that is not demonstrated at the time it occurs
learning that responses do not affect consequences, resulting in a failure to try to exert control over the environment
a mental representation of the environment
when someone uses observation of another person's actions and their consequences to guide their future actions

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 120

1

Every time Alex plays the piano, her mum reads the notes on the sheet music for her so she doesn't have to read them herself. In the future, Alex's performance may be

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

impaired
enhanced
automatic
manual

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 120

1

Which one of the following is NOT a factor influencing observational learning

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

attention
differentiation
retention
reproduction

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 120

1

The following describes latent learning: Learning can occur without being a(n) _____ change in behaviour

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

immediate
superficial
external
internal

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 120

1

The most critical component of skill learning is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

acquisition
practice
imagination
guidance

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 120

1

When Joel asks his psychology class a question, he calls on only those students whose hands are raised. Guff, another psychology instructor, requires all students in his class to answer every question by holding up a card showing their written responses. Assuming that Joel and Guff are equally competent instructors who cover the same material, which class should perform better on the upcoming midterm?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Guff's class
Joel's class
they should perform equally
Joel's class on multiple choice and Guff's class on short answer

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 120

1

Aidan is trying to decide whether to allow his children to watch violent television programs and decides to do research on the effects of watching others complete violent behaviours and be rewarded for it. This research falls under _____ learning

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

operational
conditional
experimental
observational

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 120

1

What does true insight result from?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

revising textbook materials to learn the course of action for certain behaviours
being conditioned to elicit certain responses
being reinforced to elicit certain responses
mental trial-and-error processes, in which people envision a course of action and its results

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a type of reinforcement?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

self reinforcement
gestalt reinforcement
vicarious reinforcement
external reinforcement

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 120

1

What is a common debate in psychology regarding the role of one's environment versus their genetics?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

genetics vs experience
parents vs friends
nature vs nurture
love vs care

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a stage of prenatal development?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Mesoderm stage
Germinal stage
Embryonic stage
Foetal stage

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 120

1

Which of the following is a reflex developed in the first few weeks of development?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

floating reflex
chewing reflex
grabbing reflex
rooting reflex

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 120

1

Schemas are best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the process of trying out beliefs on objects that fit them
the process of modifying belief when familiar beliefs do not work
mental representations of categories, objects, events, or people
knowledge that objects exist even when they are not visible

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 120

1

As a baby, Perri vacillated between clinging and avoiding her mother. She was demonstrating _____ attachment

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

disorganised
secure
ambivalent
avoidant

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT one of the key characteristics that need to be present if a strong attachment is to form between an infant and a caregiver?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

separation calmness
proximity maintenance
safe haven
secure base

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 120

1

Which of the following can affect a child's cognitive ability?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

color of play centre
type of toys
culture
sexuality of parents

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 120

1

What are the outcomes of stage 3 (initiative vs guilt) of Erikson's theory?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

positive: viewing the world as a predictable, safe, happy, and caring place
negative: becoming anxious, insecure, and fearful of the world
positive: experiencing a sense of identity
negative: becoming unsure of where one belongs
positive: reflecting on life with a sense of satisfaction
negative: feeling they have lost many opportunities
positive: can plan and think for oneself. and carry out purposeful activities
negative: feeling like one has done the wrong thing

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 120

1

Milly has a three-year-old daughter called Tigger. When Milly catches Tigger doing something wrong, she ignores her and resumes what she was doing previously. Her husband, however, punishes her greatly for any wrong-doing. Milly is exhibiting a(n) parenting style whilst her husband is exhibiting a(n) ___ parenting style

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

authoritarian; uninvolved
authoritarian; authoritative
uninvolved; authoritative
uninvolved; authoritarian

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 120

1

Which of the following is a biological factor regarding gender roles?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

hormone release
"boy's" and "girl's" toys
genetics
being made to wear a dress as a girl

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 120

1

Nellie has just discovered that she is pregnant. She is a smoker and knows she should quit because nicotine is especially harmful to the foetus during the _ stage of development and leads to _.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

foetal; brain damage
embryonic; low birth weight
embryonic; intellectual disability
foetal; loss of limbs

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 120

1

Rachael, your best friend, has missed several classes because of family troubles. On the day of the exam, Rachael asks you if she can copy your answers so she does not fail. According to Kohlberg, how would you respond if you were using post-conventional moral reasoning?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

'ok, as a friend, it is my duty to help you'
'i'll let you copy my answers, but you owe me a favour now'
'no way! i could get caught by the teacher and then i would fail'
'i can't let you cheat because it would be unfair to the students who worked hard and attended class'

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 120

1

What was the purpose of The Strange Situation experiment?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

to investigate the role of breastfeeding in the mother-infant bond
to assess the quality of the child's attachment with their caregiver
to determine the parenting styles of the infant's caregivers
to determine which of Erikson's stages the infants were in

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 120

1

Perri, a two-year-old girl, is learning to speak. When she sees the family cat she says "meow", and when she sees dogs in public she also says "meow". Perri is demonstrating _________.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

assimilation
accomodation
object permanence
conservation

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 120

1

Biological psychology is best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

an explanation of the function of the brain via mental and behavioural processes
an exploration of behaviour and cognition via research
the study of how deeper levels of consciousness affect behaviour
the psychological specialty focussed on the physical and chemical changes that cause and occur in response to behaviour and mental processes

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 120

1

What is the role of the myelin sheath?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

controls growth and repair functions of the cell
carries signal from the body of a neuron out to where communication occurs with other neurons
protects the axon and speeds up transmission
transfers impulses across the synapse

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 120

1

What is meant by the 'depolarisation of the neuron'?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

where positive ions flow out of the neuron, leading to an inhibitory response
where positive ions flow out of the neuron, leading to an excitatory response
where positive ions flow into the neuron, leading to an inhibitory response
where positive ions flow into the neuron, leading to an excitatory response

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 120

1

Tim reaches his hand out to grab some chips off a hot plate when he instantly draws back because of the heat. The ability to carry out such a fast response is due to the _______ reflex

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

brain
motor
sensory-motor
spinal

Explicación

Pregunta 44 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT located in the hindbrain?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

medulla oblongata
substantia nigra
pons
cerebrum

Explicación

Pregunta 45 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a major change occurring in the developing adolescent?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ability to reproduce
prefrontal cortex becomes fully developed
sex hormones become more active
psychological problems such as depression and insomnia

Explicación

Pregunta 46 de 120

1

Which of the following is the primary auditory area in the brain?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

parietal lobe
wernicke's aphasia
occipital lobe
temporal lobe

Explicación

Pregunta 47 de 120

1

Tyler needs a brain scan to highlight which areas of his brain are active in completing certain cognitive behavioural tasks. Which technique best highlights this?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

PET scan
ESB
MRI
CAT scan

Explicación

Pregunta 48 de 120

1

Which neurotransmitter(s) is/are classified as peptide(s)?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

norepinephrine
endorphins
glutamate
aceytlcholine

Explicación

Pregunta 49 de 120

1

Which neurotransmitter regulates mood, sleep, and eating?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

GABA
nitric oxide
dopamine
serotonin

Explicación

Pregunta 50 de 120

1

Which of the following describes ONLY excitatory neurons?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

GABA & glutamate
GABA & dopamine
glutamate & serotonin
glutamate & dopamine

Explicación

Pregunta 51 de 120

1

The endocrine system is best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cells that form organs called glands that communicate with one another by secreting chemicals called hormones
a system with the ability to create new synapses and to change the strength of synapses
a system that controls the functions of muscle contraction and heart rate to digestion and memory
cells that suppress further action, and feedback about chemical action in the brain and pituitary gland stops further secretion of these chemicals

Explicación

Pregunta 52 de 120

1

Hormones are released into the , and neurotransmitters are released into the _

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

synapse; synapse
synapse; bloodstream
bloodstream; synapse
bloodstream; bloodstream

Explicación

Pregunta 53 de 120

1

Health psychology is defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the network of friends and social contacts on whom one can depend on for help in dealing with stressors
the process of altering or eliminating behaviours that pose risks to health, as well as encouraging healthy behaviour patterns
changing how one thinks about stressors
a field in which psychologists conduct and apply research aimed at promoting human health and preventing illness

Explicación

Pregunta 54 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a stress mediator?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the extent to which people can predict and control their stressors
someone's gender
how one interprets the threat
someone's stress coping-skills

Explicación

Pregunta 55 de 120

1

Steven's alarm didn't go off this morning so he woke an hour late and had to rush out the door for work. On his way out the door, he tripped over his front step and ripped his pants. Once at work, he realised he had forgotten his laptop charger and had to go back home. These are examples of what type of psychological stressors?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

catastrophic events
life changes and strains
chronic problems
daily hassles

Explicación

Pregunta 56 de 120

1

Which of the following is not a stage of the GAS?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

alarm reaction stage
adaptation stage
resistance
exhaustion

Explicación

Pregunta 57 de 120

1

Adam has been stressed at work lately and has come down with a cold. This cold can be described as a __ and occurred due to Adam being in the _ stage of the GAS

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

illness of stress, resistance
disease of adaptation, exhaustion
illness of adaptation, adaptation
disease of adaptation, alarm

Explicación

Pregunta 58 de 120

1

Rachael is crossing the road and is almost hit by a car. Her response to run away is triggered by the _______ nervous system

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

central
somatic
parasympathetic
sympathetic

Explicación

Pregunta 59 de 120

1

Tigger has been feeling stressed lately as she approaches her end of semester exams. To cope with this, she has been eating much more than she would usually. This is a(n) _ response to stress and is described specifically as a(n) __

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

psychological, escape strategy
emotional, mental set
behavioural, escape behaviour
physiological, HPA response

Explicación

Pregunta 60 de 120

1

Confronting the problem at hand is a(n) _______ coping strategy

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

problem-focused
outcome-focused
emotion-focused
assertive

Explicación

Pregunta 61 de 120

1

Which of the following is not one of Irwin Rosentock's (1974) factors in guiding decisions about health-related behaviours?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

perceiving a personal threat of developing a specific health problem
having a high self-efficacy
perceiving the seriousness of the illness and the consequences of having it
believing that changing a particular behaviour will reduce the threat

Explicación

Pregunta 62 de 120

1

Alice has been advised by her therapist to undergo cognitive restructuring. This means she should

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

alter the undesirable physiological responses that occur before, during, or after the appearance of stressors
change behaviours in ways that minimise the impact of stressors
identify upsetting thoughts and then develop more constructive thoughts to replace them when under stress
have a strong intention to change and make specific plans to do so

Explicación

Pregunta 63 de 120

1

An issue with prescribing drugs to control stress is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

people feel their ability to cope is due to the drug not their own skill, making them dependent
people tend to catastrophise more than they would when they are on drugs
people aren't allowed to drive when under the influence of stress-reducing drugs
drinking alcohol in conjunction with these drugs can cause more stress in the person

Explicación

Pregunta 64 de 120

1

During the stolen generation, ________% of children were separated from their parents

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

52
17
47
63

Explicación

Pregunta 65 de 120

1

Which of the following is the oldest living culture in the world?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Uyghur people
Native Americans
Ainu people
Aboriginal peoples

Explicación

Pregunta 66 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT one of the 4Cs of historical trauma?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

colonial injury
communal impacts
collective experience
cross generational impacts

Explicación

Pregunta 67 de 120

1

The assumption that all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people are the same is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

racism
colonial injury
assimilation
homogenising

Explicación

Pregunta 68 de 120

1

Indigenous people hold a ______ view of health

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

limited
biopsychosocial
holistic
perspective

Explicación

Pregunta 69 de 120

1

Someone who demonstrates cultural proficiency

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

understands the importance of continual training, reflection, and skills development as a lifelong project
takes responsibility for undertaking a level of training and personal reflection and accepts the importance of understanding cultural issues in their lives
aspires to behave in a culturally competent manner
does not see cultural difference between people

Explicación

Pregunta 70 de 120

1

Providing a safe environment for people from Aboriginal heritage is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cultural awareness
cultural safety
cultural humility
cultural responsiveness

Explicación

Pregunta 71 de 120

1

A cultural interface is defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

challenging neo-colonial dominance in research practices in Australia
a culture-bound syndrome that can be understood in relation to a person's cultural, social, historical, and spiritual beliefs
an assessment principle reflecting the decolonising practice and based on belief of the importance of social justice
the space where Western and Indigenous knowledges intersect

Explicación

Pregunta 72 de 120

1

Bella is staying in Japan with a host family and has noticed that people in Japan think of themselves mainly as part of their family or work groups and that they all value collaboration highly. This is due to Japan having a(n) __________ culture

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

asian
individualist
collectivist
tight

Explicación

Pregunta 73 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT one of Phinney's stages of ethnic identity

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

unexamined
adapted
exploration
achievement

Explicación

Pregunta 74 de 120

1

The process of acculturation is best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

where a person embraces a new culture and rejects their original culture
where a person maintains their original cultural practices to the exclusion of a new culture
where contact with other cultural groups bring about changes in beliefs, perceptions, behaviours, and attitudes
where a person adopts a new culture whilst retaining a connection and sense of continuity with their original culture

Explicación

Pregunta 75 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of cross-cultural researcher methods?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Treats culture as an independent variable
Involves university students who do not represent the entire population
Ethical considerations such as cultural appropriation must be addressed
Fosters collaboration and a search for shared understanding between psychologists with different backgrounds

Explicación

Pregunta 76 de 120

1

Jayne, a recent law graduate, applied for a legal aid position at McIntyre and McIntyre. However, she was informed after her interview that her chances for being hired were low, as she was a ‘young women and therefore likely to take maternity leave at some point’. Jayne not being offered a position at this firm based on this premise is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

racism
prejudice
discrimination
ageism

Explicación

Pregunta 77 de 120

1

If a psychologist assumes all psychological phenomena are the same in all cultures, they are taking the position of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

relativism
universalism
absolutism
homogenism

Explicación

Pregunta 78 de 120

1

Michael has African heritage, and as a result, his skin is dark brown. The wish to change this characteristic through injections or bleaching of the skin is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

systematic racism
internalised racism
individual racism
structural racism

Explicación

Pregunta 79 de 120

1

The dimension of culture which describes how much people are prepared to bear differences in wealth and power is described as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

power/distance
uncertainty/avoidance
power/femininity
long-term/short-term oritentation

Explicación

Pregunta 80 de 120

1

Codes for semantic memory represent

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

memories of events in one's life
information as pictures
information as sequences of sounds
generalised information about the world

Explicación

Pregunta 81 de 120

1

Stella is riding her bike for the first time in 10 years. The ability for her to still do this despite not practising it for so long is due to her

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

episodic memory
procedural memory
visual memory
semantic memory

Explicación

Pregunta 82 de 120

1

Rachael is going to the supermarket and as she gets in the car she realises she has forgotten her shopping list. She is able to remember the first three items, but the rest she cannot figure out. The ability to remember the first three items is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the recency effect
elaborative rehearsal
maintenance rehearsal
the primacy effect

Explicación

Pregunta 83 de 120

1

In order to remember the different muscles in the leg, Aidan makes an acronym to form the word FOOD. This is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the recency effect
elaborative rehearsal
maintenance rehearsal
the primacy effect

Explicación

Pregunta 84 de 120

1

According to the transfer-appropriate processing model of memory, if 100 kids were told that they had a multiple choice exam but 50 of these kids received a short answer exam instead, which group should do better on the exam?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The kids with the multiple choice exam
The kids with the short answer exam
They will both do the same
This information does not allow for such a conclusion to be made

Explicación

Pregunta 85 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a component of the multi-store model of memory?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

acoustic
sensory
short-term
long-term

Explicación

Pregunta 86 de 120

1

When Emma is studying for her VCE exams, she tries to study in the room that she knows her final exam will be in. This is an attempt to trigger _______ cues in the exam

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

encoding
context-dependent
state-dependent
semantic

Explicación

Pregunta 87 de 120

1

Alice is trying to remember the place she went for dinner but can't quite remember the name, even though she can recognise it starts with G. This is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the feeling-of-knowing experience
semantic networks
spontaneous generalisations
the tip of the tongue phenomenon

Explicación

Pregunta 88 de 120

1

Information stored in _________ memory lasts for up to 18 seconds

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

short-term
seonsory
iconic
long-term

Explicación

Pregunta 89 de 120

1

Chunking helps to increase the amount of information stored in

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

iconic memory
echoic memory
short-term memory
long-term memory

Explicación

Pregunta 90 de 120

1

Tess is sitting in her dentist's office alone for a few minutes. After she left, her mum asked her to recall everything in the office. Despite there being no models of teeth, Tess recalled this as this is what she expected to be in the office of a dentist. This highlights

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

schemas
parallel distributed processing
constructive memory
fallibility of memory

Explicación

Pregunta 91 de 120

1

The decay theory of memory suggests that

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

information gradually disappears from memory
the storage or retrieval of information is impaired by the presence of other information
information in the long term memory interferes with the ability to remember new information
information is retained forever and never disappears

Explicación

Pregunta 92 de 120

1

If witness 1 was asked 'how fast were they going when they smashed into a tree' and witness 2 was asked 'how fast were they going when they contacted the tree', which witness is likely to report a higher speed?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

witness 1
witness 2
they will both state the same speed
this information can not be derived from the situation

Explicación

Pregunta 93 de 120

1

Olivia remembers to take her medication at 7.30pm every night, whereas Izzy remembers to take it after dinner. Olivia is using memory and Izzy is using _ memory

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

event-based; time-based
event-based; event-based
time-based; event-based
time-based; time-based

Explicación

Pregunta 94 de 120

1

One reason as to why ageing affects memory is due to

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

long-term potentiation
gradual neural deterioration
rapid loss of frontal lobe functioning
lowered levels of exercise

Explicación

Pregunta 95 de 120

1

Milly gets into a car crash and is hit badly on her head. After the crash, she has trouble recognising the faces of people she meets and remembering information she is learning at school. Milly is most likely experiencing

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

transient global amnesia
korsakoff's syndrome
retrograde amnesia
anterograde amnesia

Explicación

Pregunta 96 de 120

1

Hebb's rule states that

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the synapse can change over time
neurons that fire together wire tigether
neurons that fire together are more quick
the brain can change, adapt, and grow throughout life in response to experience

Explicación

Pregunta 97 de 120

1

The memory problems seen in Alzheimer's are related to

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

over production of acetylcholine
lack of neurons that use acetylcholine
lack of neurohormones
over production of dopamine

Explicación

Pregunta 98 de 120

1

Jacob and Amelia both have a psychology exam in two days. Jacob has been studying for two hours every day for the past month, whereas Amelia has been doing 8 hours of study every day for the past two days. Who is more likely to do better on the exam?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Amelia
Jacob
they will receive similar marks
more information on the scenario needs to be given

Explicación

Pregunta 99 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT one of the three Ds for being defined as 'abnormal' in psychology?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

deviance
defiance
distress
dysfunction

Explicación

Pregunta 100 de 120

1

Why is dysfunction alone not a sound criterion for defining abnormality in psychology?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

as people can display psychological disorders without experiencing distress
as social norms differ between cultures and eras
as some people who display significant psychological disorders are able to function well in society
as the consequences of the behaviour for people can change

Explicación

Pregunta 101 de 120

1

The neurobiological model is a view that

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

psychological disorders are seen as reflecting disturbances in the anatomy and chemistry of the brain
mental disorder is seen as arising from psychological processes
behaviour disorders appear when a person's natural tendency towards healthy growth is blocked
gender, age, ethnicity, and other cultural factors contribute to the occurrence of mental disorders

Explicación

Pregunta 102 de 120

1

Gen's mum has a history of depression, and lately, Gen has been experiencing a low mood. Moreover, she has been under a lot of stress with work and job security. Gen is seen as likely to develop a mental illness according to which model?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

social-cognitive model
psychological model
gestalt model
diathesis-stress model

Explicación

Pregunta 103 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-5?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

generalised anxiety disorder
panic disorder
obsessive compulsive disorder
specific phobias

Explicación

Pregunta 104 de 120

1

In the last couple of weeks, Alex, the host of a game show, has been unshaven and worn rumpled clothes. Contestants have remarked, ‘Alex, you don’t smell so good.’ He has also claimed on-air that UFOs are among us, has run across the stage because ‘rabid frogs are chasing me’, and no longer shows his warm, friendly demeanour. Which type of schizophrenia is Alex exhibiting?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

catatonic
disorganised
residual
phrenetic

Explicación

Pregunta 105 de 120

1

How many Australians experience a mood disorder at some point in their lives?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

1 in 2
1 in 20
1 in 16
1 in 60

Explicación

Pregunta 106 de 120

1

Which of the following is not a cause of suicide and self-harming behaviour according to the government?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

adverse life events
genetic makeup
gender
self-efficacy and resilience

Explicación

Pregunta 107 de 120

1

Epigenetics describes

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

malfunctions in the endocrine system causing affective disorders
genes regulated by the lac operon
genes that can be turned on or off by other biopsychosocial factors
rumination allowing for higher levels of stress

Explicación

Pregunta 108 de 120

1

Negative symptoms in schizophrenia include

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

diminished emotional expression, speech, inability to experience pressure
over expression of emotions and word salad
hallucinations, poorly focused attention
diminished emotional expression, inappropriate tears, and fear or paranoia

Explicación

Pregunta 109 de 120

1

Schizophrenia that is characterised by disruptions in a person's movement is referred to as ______ schizophrenia

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

phrenic
disorganised
catatonic
paranoid

Explicación

Pregunta 110 de 120

1

The vulnerability theory suggests that vulnerability to schizophrenia is mainly

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

psychological
biological
social
all of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 111 de 120

1

If a health professional asks their client to lie on a couch and describe whatever comes to mind, they are using a __________ approach

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

gestalt
fucntionalistic
psychodynamic
humanistic

Explicación

Pregunta 112 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a key component of client-centred therapy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

unconditional positive regard
empathy
sympathy
congruence

Explicación

Pregunta 113 de 120

1

Zoe has an overwhelming fear of feathers, so the point where she cannot think of them without exhibiting a fear response. Her therapist decides to bring a bag of feathers in and tip them onto Zoe. This is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

exposure therapy
aversion conditioning
flooding
desensitisation therapy

Explicación

Pregunta 114 de 120

1

Beck's cognitive therapy states that psychological problems can be traced back to

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

familial upbringing
errors in logic
blocked growth
cognitive restructuring

Explicación

Pregunta 115 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT included in the APS code of ethics for therapeutic relationships?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

confidentiality
respect for the rights and dignity of people
propriety
integrity

Explicación

Pregunta 116 de 120

1

Which of the following statements is true regarding psychosurgery?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

it was developed in 1975
it used to be used rarely in extreme cases of mania
there are no associated risks
it is still performed today

Explicación

Pregunta 117 de 120

1

Taking _ regularly prevents __ associated with bipolar disorder

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

prozac; depression
prozac; mania
lithium; depression
lithium; mania

Explicación

Pregunta 118 de 120

1

Which of the following is an issue when utilising psychoactive drugs for treatment?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

reduces metabolism in client
suppresses disorder without eliminating it
don't work in younger people
can alter one's personality

Explicación

Pregunta 119 de 120

1

Haldol is a neuroleptic drug that works by blocking the receptors for dopamine. Therefore, Haldol acts as a dopamine _________

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

reuptake inhibitor
antagonist
agonist
deactivist

Explicación

Pregunta 120 de 120

1

Which of the following best summarises the research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

psychoanalytic therapy is best for treating people with long-standing personality disorders
there are no significant differences in outcomes (for example, levels of depression) between those who have undergone psychotherapy and those who have not
there are no significant differences in the overall effectiveness of behaviour therapy, humanistic therapy and psychoanalytic therapy
behavioural therapy is more effective than psychoanalytic therapy in all cases

	Creado por Rachael Martin hace más de 5 años

exam revision

Pregunta 1 de 120

Psychology is best defined as the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 120

A psychologist with a humanistic approach would state that behaviour is driven by

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 120

Travis studies unconscious desires and how these result in interpersonal difficulties. This research area falls into which approach?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 120

If you were to study consciousness by having your friends use introspection and report the results to you, your research method would be most similar to that used by

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 120

Sigmund Freud developed which approach to psychology?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 120

A developmental psychologist is concerned about

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 120

Monoism is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 120

Learning is best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 120

In classical conditioning, what elicits the conditioned response after pairing?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 120

If a reinforcer or punisher is delivered only some of the time after a particular response occurs, what schedule of reinforcement is being used?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 120

What is Premack's principle?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 120

Stephanie is studying her vocabulary words for German class. Each time she reads the German word and thinks of the English equivalent, she finds it easier to recall the meaning. Stephanie’s experience is best explained by the role of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 120

Tess' mum often deals with her misbehaviour by not allowing her to go on her phone, whilst Rachael's mum deals with her misbehaviour by giving her extra chores for the week, Tess' mum is using _______ and Rachael's mum is using ______

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 120

Which of the following is true of taste-aversion conditioning?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 120

If Simone is to stop at a red light in order to avoid a fine, she is demonstrating ____ learning

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 120

The role of the learner is ____ in classical conditioning

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 120

Learned helplessness is best defined as

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 120

Every time Alex plays the piano, her mum reads the notes on the sheet music for her so she doesn't have to read them herself. In the future, Alex's performance may be

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 120

Which one of the following is NOT a factor influencing observational learning

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 120

The following describes latent learning: Learning can occur without being a(n) _____ change in behaviour

Tess' mum often deals with her misbehaviour by not allowing her to go on her phone, whilst Rachael's mum deals with her misbehaviour by giving her extra chores for the week, Tess' mum is using _ and Rachael's mum is using

Nellie has just discovered that she is pregnant. She is a smoker and knows she should quit because nicotine is especially harmful to the foetus during the _ stage of development and leads to _.