What type of circulation system responds most sympathetically to the existing natural environment?
grid system
linear system
curvilinear system
radial system
To move large volumes of traffic at high speed, the most effective type of circulation system is
highways
expressways
arterials
distributors
Land use development patterns are MOST frequently determined by
topographic factors
climatic factors
utility systems
street systems
The primary advantage of 60-degree parking is that it
saves space
is easier to use
is safer to use
cost less to construct
A neighborhood shopping center is BEST located at
the intersection of an arterial and collector street
the intersection of two local streets
the foot of an expressway ramp
the interchange of an expressway
From among the following street design criteria, select those that are correct I. Curb radii should be 12'-0" minimum II. Compound curves are preferred over simple curves III. Traffic lanes should be about 12'-0" wide. IV. Parking lanes should generally be avoided V. Intersections should be at right angles wherever possible.
I, IV
I, III, V
II, III, IV
I, III, IV, V
Power lines are generally located above, rather than below, ground because they are
easier to repair
faster to install
less costly
less dangerous
From among the following handicapped design criteria, select the incorrect statement
wheelchair paths should not exceeed a 1:20 grade
Wheelchair ramps should not exceed a 1:12 grade
Wheelchair ramps should not exceed 30'-0" in length
Wheelchair turning spaces should not be less than 3SF
Which of the following should be avoided in the design of a large parking lot? I. acute angle parking II. ramped exit driveway III. dead level paved areas IV. Dead end aisles V. Pedestrian circulation
III, IV
III, V
I, II, V
The primary objective of good pedestrian circulation is
economy
permanence
safety
speed
Which of the following will MOST effectively divert subsurface water away from a building's foundation?
Place the foundation below the water table
Modify the contours of the site during finish grading
Install drainage tiles adjacent to the bottom of footings
Provide a bed of coarse gravel at the perimeter of the foundation
If the loads of a proposed structure are high relative to the bearing capacity of the soil, one would likely provide
a mat footing
continuous wall footings
combined footings
shallow spread footings
A system of piles may be appropriate for supporting a structure when
moisture in the soil is detected
the piles can be placed below groundwater level
dense earth makes conventional excavation difficult
the surface soil has low bearing capacity
Frost line refers to the level of earth
at which the soil bearing value is affected by weather
at which the building foundation should be located
below which the footings will not freeze
below which the soil does not freeze
For a structure with very heavy loads resting on dense earth, which of the following would be MOST appropriate?
boat footings
jetted piles
wood piles
structural steel piles
Placing load on a footing results in
reduced soil bearing capacity
differential settlement
a reduction of the soil's void volume
shrinkage of the soil
The principal purpose of all soil exploration and testing is to determine the
bearing capacity of the soil
intrinsic character of the soil
depth of the water table
depth of the bedrock
The design of a surface drainage system for a residential development is based on a five-year storm. During a review, the drainage system is found to be incapable of handling the expected runoff. Therefore, it should be
changed to a subsurface system
changed to employ non-erosive materials
designed for a 10-year storm
designed for a 100-year storm
In the residential development of the previous question, runoff might be reduced by using
flat roofs, rather than sloped roofs, on the residential units
wider roof eaves on the residential units
more paved areas
greater areas of vegetation
All of the following describe the general climatic characteristics of an area EXCEPT
temperature
topography
humidity
wind velocity
Sustainable design is primarily concerned with which of the following issues?
Economics
Aesthetics
Environment
Mechanical Systems
The Natural Step is an approach to the environment that follows which of the following principles?
The biosphere affecting humans is a relatively stable and resilient zone that includes five miles into the earth's crust and five miles into the troposphere
Improved technologies have dramatically increased the number and quantity of available natural resources
Toxic substances released into either the sea or atmosphere will only influence areas adjacent to the toxic source
Using building materials that are recycled is an adequate sustainable design approach
None of the above
The planning phase of a sustainably designed architectural project should include which of the following elements?
Native landscaping that is aesthetically pleasing and functional.
Designing structures in the floodplain that can resist the forces of flood waters
Consideration of sun orientation, topographic relief, and the scale of adjacent buildings
Locating projects within existing neighborhoods that are adjacent to public transportation
Life cycle costing is an economic evaluation of architectural elements that includes which of the following factors?
First Cost
Maintenance and operational costs
Repair Costs
Replacement cost
LEED is concerned with which of the following?
Indoor air quality
Storm water
Construction costs
tax benefits
innovative energy systems
aesthetic design
Which of the following is a consultant who might be employed in a sustainable design project?
Wetlands engineer
Energy commissioner
Landscape architect
Energy modeling engineer
Sustainable design may require research and education that is beyond a normal architectural project. Which of the following is part of this process?
Energy modeling
Education of the client
Art selection
Selection of energy efficient appliances
Sensitivity to the nuances of site conditions is key to sustainable design. Which of the following are site conditions the architect should examine in the design process?
Solar orientation
decorative landscaping
scale and style of adjacent structures
groundwater conditions
