Which substances are produced during respiration?
carbon dioxide and water
water and oxygen
Where in the respiratory system does gas exchange occur?
in the heart
in the alveoli
The role of the respiratory system is to bring what substance into the body?
water
oxygen
The dome-shaped muscle that plays an important role in breathing is the
diaphragm
alveolus
What happens to cause air to be exhaled from the lungs?
The chest cavity expands and grows larger.
The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward.
Which chemical in tobacco smoke binds to hemoglobin, causing red blood to carry less than their normal load of oxygen?
nicotine
carbon monoxide
Which chemical in tobacco smoke is an addictive drug?
tar
Over time, smoking can irritate the breathing passages, which may become clogged with mucus. This condition is called
bronchitis
emphysema
What term do scientists use to describe the chemical process in which oxygen and glucose react to release energy inside body cells?
respiration
breathing
Which chemical in tobacco smoke may damage cilia in the respiratory system?
During gas exchange, which substance moves from the alveoli into the blood?
carbon dioxide
How can smoking lead to emphysema?
by destroying lung tissue
by slowing the heart rate
What is the name of the small flap of tissue that seals off the trachea during swallowing?
epiglottis
larynx
Which parts of the respiratory system divide into smaller and smaller tubes in a pattern that resembles the branches of a tree?
trachea
bronchi
Hairlike structures that line the nasal cavities and trachea are called
Cilia
mucus
Each alveolus is surrounded by a network of
arteries
capillaries
What produces a person's voice?
the lungs
the vocal cords
The vocal cords stretch across the opening of the
What does nicotine do to the body?
It increases blood pressure
It slows the heartbeat
