Courtney Walsh
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DVM Clin Path Test sobre Clin Path-Lymphocytes, creado por Courtney Walsh el 04/02/2020.

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Courtney Walsh
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Clin Path-Lymphocytes

Pregunta 1 de 30

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: a self-renewing cell which gives rise to committed stem cells when stimulated.

: stem cells committed to production of a single cell type (for example, eosinophils). An exception to this is CFU-GM (colony forming unit - granulocyte-monocyte), which splits further into neutrophil and monocyte producing stem cells.

: a young undifferentiated cell with one or more visible nucleoli. It is one step beyond the CFU stage and can be recognized in bone marrow aspirates as rubriblasts or myeloblasts.

: a white blood cell (leukocyte) with cytoplasmic granules (neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil). Therefore, lymphocytes and monocytes are leukocytes but are not granulocytes. This designation ignores the fact that some lymphocytes contain granules, but life isn=t perfect, is it?

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    Pluripotent stem cell
    Colony forming units (CFU)
    Blast cell
    Granulocyte

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 30

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Rellena los espacios en blanco para completar el texto.

2 types of neutrophils are present in the circulation of a healthy animal: the vast majority are mature neutrophils, with a few neutrophils also seen. Higher numbers of signify inflammation.
In clinical pathology, we mean a segmented neutrophil if we just say neutrophil and band neutrophils are specifically called bands or band neutrophils.
Segmented neutrophils have a segmented nucleus (with a dark condensed chromatin pattern) connected by thin strands.
Segmented neutrophils from female animals may have a - a drumstick shaped extension of the nucleus.
Band neutrophils classically have a U-shaped nucleus (can be other shapes, such as C or S shaped).
Cytoplasm of neutrophils is typically or very faintly pink or blue - granules are present but they are not usually possible to see with a light microscope.
The same cell type in birds, fish, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits have staining granules and are sometimes (not always, depends on the reference) called . The current preferred term is still neutrophils

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 30

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Select all the following that may cause neutrophilia

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • toxins

  • neoplasia

  • fungal and viral infections

  • immune-mediated disease

  • all can cause neutrophilia

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 30

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Which of the following is part of the proliferation pool of neutrophils?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • myeloblast

  • metamyelocytes

  • band neutrophil

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 30

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Select the following that are stages of neutrophil life stages?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • bonemarrow

  • intravascular

  • tissue

  • diapedetic

  • adhesion

  • proliferation

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 30

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In most species, approximately equal numbers of neutrophils in the blood are in the circulating (50 %) and marginating (50 %) pools

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 30

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In most species, approximately equal numbers of neutrophils in the blood are in the circulating ( %) and marginating (50 %) pools. The cat differs in that ~ % of blood neutrophils are in the marginating pool, with only ~ % freely circulating.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    75
    25
    50

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 30

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Rellena los espacios en blanco para completar el texto.

It generally takes - days before you will see any evidence of increased segmented neutrophil numbers in the bloodstream as a result of increased bone marrow production.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 30

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Which of the following is not a morphological characteristic of monocytes?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • mottled lacy chromatin pattern

  • round to lobulated nucleus

  • crisp vacuoles in the cytoplasm

  • grey-neutral staining cytoplasm

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 30

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monocytes are short-lived cells that remain in the tissue and can produce more macrophages.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 30

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Connective tissue histiocytes, osteoclasts, microglial cells in the nervous system, Kupffer cells in the liver and Langerhan's cells in the skin are all examples of tissue fixed monocytes

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 30

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which of the following does NOT cause increased monocytosis?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • trauma

  • excitement

  • stress

  • type 1 hypersensitivity reactions

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 30

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a marked monocytosis is often seen with acute inflammation

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 30

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neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils cannot be differentiated visually until the myelocyte stage when specific granules appear

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 30

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Eosinophilia due to parasites occurs only when sensitivity to parasite proteins has developed and these proteins are then exposed to body tissues or the bloodstream to trigger an increase in eosinophil production and release into the blood.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 30

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basophils

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • have a segmented nucleus like neutrophils and eosinophils

  • The nuclear chromatin is more condensed than in neutrophils

  • often make up 10 % of a differential count in a normal animal.

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 30

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Rellena los espacios en blanco para completar el texto.

Basophils, like mast cells, they are involved in immediate (type 1) hypersensitivity reactions.
• When a specific antigen binds to bound to the basophil surface, degranulation and release of granule components occurs.
• Granules contain numerous substances, including and heparin

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 30

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After neutrophils, these are the most common circulating leukocyte in domestic animals, including mature cattle

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • monocytes

  • basophils

  • lymphocytes

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 30

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Which of the following is FALSE regarding Production and kinetics of lymphocytes?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • They are not stored in the marrow

  • A unique feature of lymphocytes is that they

  • lifespan of lymphocytes is generally longer than for other cells

  • causes of mild to moderate lymphocytosis include cortisol release or antigenic stimulation

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 30

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Which of the following can alter WBC count numbers?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • nucleated RBC's

  • thrombocytopenia

  • age of patient

  • sex of patient

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 30

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Which of the following statements regarding neutrophil toxicity is true?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • • Neutrophil toxicity is evidence that systemic toxins are present in the body. Since neutrophil toxicity is a sign of abnormal maturation of neutrophil cytoplasm, it indicates that the microenvironment of the marrow was not ideal when those cells were being produced.

  • The causes of neutrophil toxicity include endogenous toxins (such as inflammatory mediators) and exogenous toxins

  • Neutrophil toxicity is characterized by cytoplasmic changes, whereas neutrophil degeneration is characterized by nuclear changes

  • All are correct

  • None are true

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 30

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Degenerate neutrophils were once normal but have been altered at the tissue site. Toxic neutrophils were never normal since the alteration is one of cytoplasmic maturation.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 30

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These are pale blue-grey variably shaped and shaped aggregates of abnormal rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm. They are one of the earliest changes to occur with toxicity, so they can be seen in any situation of mild toxicity

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Dhole bodies

  • foamy basophilia

  • toxic granulation

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 30

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This is due to escape of hydrolytic enzymes and the presence of increased amounts of basophilic staining RNA. The cytoplasm has a foamy appearance and is more blue than normal.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • cytoplasmic foamy basophilia

  • toxic granulation

  • dhole bodies

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 30

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Physiologic leukocytosis
-Mild without a left shift
-Lymphocytes are most often mildly to moderately
-no evidence of monocytosis

Corticosteroid (stress) response
-neutrophilia with
- often mild to marked
-

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    neutrophilia
    increased
    monocytosis
    no left shift
    lymphopenia

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 30

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Rellena los espacios en blanco para completar el texto.

Protein/fibrinogen ratios are calculated as P/F or rarely as (P-F)/F
• If the reason for the increased fibrinogen concentration is dehydration, the total protein concentration should also be increased, and the P/F ratio will be or higher.
• If the reason for the increased fibrinogen concentration is inflammation, the total protein concentration will not rise proportionately, and the P/F ratio will be or less.
• If we calculate a P/F ratio of -, we cannot really make any conclusions (grey zone).

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 30

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If you see a low (<10) P/F ratio

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • inflammation!

  • Dehydration!

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 30

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There is individual variability in P/F ratios in animals

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 30

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select the following responsible for neutropenia

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • genetic disease

  • toxins

  • excitement

  • bone marrow insufficiency

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 30

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in cattle specifically, which would cause lymphocytosis?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • BLV

  • genetic bone marrow hyperactivity

  • chronic leukemia

Explicación

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