Electrolytes

pt with NV and dehydration, NA 152. expect which lab values?
a. elevated urine specific gravity, elevated hemoglobin, decreased serum osmolality
b. elevated urine specific gravity, elevated hemoglobin, elevated serum osmolality
c. decreased urine specific gravity, elevated hemoglobin, decreased serum osmolality
d. decreased urine specific gravity, decreased hemoglobin, elevated serum osmolality

which pt is highest risk for hyperkalemia?
a. GI bleeding with admin of 3 units PRBCs
b. severe vomiting and dehydration with admin 4L LR
c. heart failure pt started on an ACE inhibitor and spironolactone
d. refeeding syndrome after being NPO for 5 days

development of a u wave on ECG is indicative of what?
a. hypokalemia
b. hypermagnesemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. hypercalcemia

what ECG change would you expect in a pt with K of 6.2?
a. prolonged PR interval
b. shortened QT interval
c. tall peaked T waves
d. prominent U wave

patient in torsades de pointes. K 2.9 and mag 1.1 which electrolyte will you replace first?
a. magnesium
b. potassium

signs of hypermagnesemia include:
a. tetany, rigid extremities
b. muscle weakness, lethargy
c. decreased deep tendon reflexes, tetany
d. lethargy, torsades de pointes

65 yo admitted after cardiac arrest. Labs K 4.7, Mg 5.2, Na 148. pt is hypotensive and flaccid. Which should you anticipate?
a. emergent dialysis
b. administer 1 amp calcium gluconate IV
c. administer nebulized mucomyst
d. administer kayexalate

signs of hypocalcemia include:
a. tall peaked T waves
b. Chvostek's sign
c. ST depression
d. hepatojugular reflex sign

when taking pt's BP arm and hand muscles spasm. you suspect which electrolyte imbalance?
a. hyperphosphatemia
b. hypercalcemia
c. hyperkalemia
d. hypermagnesemia

hypocalcemia s/s

If electrolytes are low you might see...

hyperkalemia treatment