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College-Level Nursing Block 3 Test sobre Nutrition, creado por cpeters el 25/02/2015.

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Nutrition

Pregunta 1 de 25

1

Which statement made by an adult patient demonstrates understanding of healthy nutrition teaching?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • I need to stop eating red meat.

  • I will increase the servings of fruit juice to four a day.

  • I will make sure that I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly.

  • I will not eat so many dark green vegetables and eat more yellow vegetables.

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 25

1

The nurse teaches a patient who has had surgery to increase which nutrient to help with tissue repair?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Fat

  • Protein

  • Vitamin

  • Carbohydrate

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 25

1

The nurse is caring for patient experiencing dysphagia. Which interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select all that apply.)

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Sit the patient upright in a chair.

  • Give liquids at the end of the meal.

  • Place food in the strong side of the mouth.

  • Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow.

  • Feed the patient slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow.

  • Encourage patient to lie down to rest for 30 minutes after eating.

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 25

1

The nurse suspects that the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central venous catheter (CVC) has an air embolus. What action does the nurse need to take first?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Raise head of bed to 90 degrees.

  • Turn patient to left lateral decubitus position.

  • Notify health care provider immediately.

  • Have patient perform the Valsalva maneuver.

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 25

1

Which action is initially taken by the nurse to verify correct position of a newly placed small-bore feeding tube?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Placing an order for x-ray film examination to check position.

  • Confirming the distal mark on the feeding tube after taping.

  • Testing the pH of the gastric contents and observing the color.

  • Auscultating over the gastric area as air is injected into the tube.

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 25

1

The catheter of the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) becomes occluded. Check the correct box that has the steps for caring for the occluded catheter in the order in which the nurse would perform them.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Attempt to aspirate a clot, temporarily stop the infusion, flush the line with saline or heparin, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.

  • Temporarily stop the infusion, flush the line with saline or heparin, attempt to aspirate a clot, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.

  • Temporarily stop the infusion, attempt to aspirate a clot, flush the line with saline or heparin, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.

  • Use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol, flush the line with saline or heparin, temporarily stop the infusion, attempt to aspirate a clot.

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 25

1

Based on knowledge of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), the nurse anticipates the presence of which bacteria when reviewing the laboratory data for a patient suspected of having PUD?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Micrococcus

  • Staphylococcus

  • Corynebacterium

  • Helicobacter pylori

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 25

1

The nurse is assessing a patient receiving enteral feedings via a small-bore nasogastric tube. Which assessment findings need further intervention?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Gastric pH of 4.0 during placement check.

  • Weight gain of 1 pound over the course of a week.

  • Active bowel sound in the four abdominal quadrants.

  • Gastric residual aspirate of 350 mL for the second consecutive time.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 25

1

The home care nurse is seeing the following patients. Which patient is at greatest risk for experiencing inadequate nutrition?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A 55-year-old obese man recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.

  • A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke.

  • A 22-year-old mother with a 3-year-old toddler who had tonsillectomy surgery.

  • A 46-year-old man recovering at home following coronary artery bypass surgery.

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 25

1

The nurse is checking feeding tube placement. Place the steps in the proper sequence: 1) Draw 5 to 10 mL gastric aspirate into syringe. 2) Flush tube with 30 mL air. 3) Mix aspirate in syringe and place in medicine cup. 4) Observe color of gastric aspirate. 5) Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves. 6) Dip pH strip into gastric aspirate. 7) Compare strip with color chart from manufacturer.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • 1, 3, 5, 7, 2, 4, 6

  • 5, 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 7

  • 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 7

  • 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 25

1

Which statement made by a patient of a 2-month-old infant requires further education?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • I'll continue to use formula for the baby until he is at least a year old.

  • I'll make sure that I purchase iron-fortified formula.

  • I'll start feeding the baby cereal at 4 months.

  • I'm going to alternate formula with whole milk starting next month.

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 25

1

The nurse is teaching a program on healthy nutrition at the senior community center. Which points should be included in the program for older adults? (Select all that apply.)

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, which impair drug absorption.

  • Increase the amount of carbohydrates for energy.

  • Take a multivitamin that includes vitamin D for bone health.

  • Cheese and eggs are good sources of protein.

  • Limit fluids to decrease the risk of edema.

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 25

1

The nurse sees the nursing assistive personnel (NAP) perform the following for a patient receiving continuous enteral feedings. What intervention does the nurse need to address immediately with the NAP? The NAP:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Fastens the tube to the gown with tape.

  • Places the patient supine while giving a bath.

  • Performs oral care for the patient.

  • Elevates the head of the bed 45 degrees.

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 25

1

The patient receiving total glucose is being checked since he does not have diabetes. What is the best response by the nurse?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • TPN can cause hyperglycemia, and it is important to keep your blood glucose level in an acceptable range.

  • The high concentration of dextrose in the TPN can give you diabetes; thus you need to be monitored closely.

  • Monitoring your blood glucose level helps to determine the dose of insulin that you need to absorb the TPN.

  • Checking your blood glucose level regularly helps to determine if the TPN is effective as a nutrition intervention.

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 25

1

Which nutrient is the body's most preferred energy source?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Fat

  • Protein

  • Vitamin

  • Carbohydrate

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 25

1

Positive nitrogen balance would occur in which condition?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Infection

  • Starvation

  • Pregnancy

  • Burn injury

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 25

1

Mrs. Nelson is talking with the nurse about the dietary needs of her 23-month-old daughter, Laura. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be appropirate?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • "Use skim milk to cut down on the fat in Laura's diet."

  • "Laura should be drinking at least 1 quart of milk per day."

  • "Laura needs less protein in her diet now because she isn't growing as fast."

  • "Laura needs fewer calories in relation to her body weight now than she did as an infant."

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 25

1

All of the following patients are at risk for alteration in nutrition except:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Patient L, whose weight is 10% above his ideal body weight.

  • Patient J, who is 86 years old, lives alone, and has poorly fitting dentures.

  • Patient M, a 17-year-old girl who weighs 90 pounds and frequently complains about her baby fat.

  • Patient K, who has been allowed nothing by mouth (NPO) for 7 days after bowel surgery and is receiving 3000mL of 10% dextrose per day.

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 25

1

Which of the following is the most accurate method of bedside confirmation of placement of a small-bore nasogastric tube?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Assess the patient's ability to speak.

  • Test the pH of withdrawn gastric contents.

  • Auscultate the epigastrium for gurgling or bubbling.

  • Assess the length of the tube that is outside the patient's nose.

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 25

1

A patient who has been hospitalized after experiencing a heart attack will most likely receive a diet consisting of:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Low fat, low sodium, and low carbohydrates

  • Low fat, low sodium, and high carbohydrates

  • Low fat, high protein, and high carbohydrates

  • Liquids for several days, progressing to a soft and then a regular diet.

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 25

1

A nurse is caring for a client who is at high risk for aspiration. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Give the client thin liquids.

  • Instruct the client to tuck her chin when swallowing.

  • Have the client use a straw.

  • Encourage the client to lie down and rest after meals.

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 25

1

A nurse is preparing a presentation about basic nutrients for a group of high school athletes. She should explain that which of the following is the body’s priority energy source?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Fat

  • Protein

  • Glycogen

  • Carbohydrates

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 25

1

A nurse is caring for a client who is on a low-residue diet. The nurse should expect to see which of the following foods on the client’s meal tray?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Cooked barley

  • Pureed broccoli

  • Vanilla custard

  • Lentil soup

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 25

1

A nurse is caring for a client who weighs 80 kg (176 lb) and is 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) tall. Calculate her body mass index (BMI) and determine whether this client is obese based on her BMI.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • BMI= 34; obese

  • BMI= 31; obese

  • BMI= 29; overweight

  • BMI= 31; overweight

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 25

1

A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs and considerations. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Older adults are more prone to dehydration than younger adults are.

  • Older adults need the same amount of most vitamins and minerals as younger adults do.

  • Many older men and women need calcium supplementation.

  • Older adults need more calories than they did when they were younger.

  • Older adults should consume a diet low in carbohydrates.

Explicación

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