The only eye care professional who is a medical doctor is the
Optometrist
Ocularist
Ophthalmologist
Orthoptist
A patient in need of a prosthetic eye would be referred to an
Optician
Of the following, the eye care professional who routinely fills prescriptions for eyeglasses is the
Ophthalmic Medical Technician
An ophthalmologist who concentrates on one area of the eye or focuses on a specific ocular disease is called
An optician
An ocularist
An optometrist
A subspecialist
The level directly above certified ophthalmic medical assistant on JCAHPO'S certification ladder is
Certified ophthalmic medical technologist
Certified ophthalmic registered nurse
Certified ophthalmic technician
Certified ophthalmic photographer
Of the following, the responsibility that routinely falls to the ophthalmic medical assistant is
Diagnosing certain conditions
Making prognostic estimates
Performing certain diagnostic tests
Prescribing treatment for certain problems
An ophthalmic medical assistant accidentally administers too many eyedrops to a patient's eye. The first action the assistant should take is to
Apologize to the patient and thoroughly wash with water
Explain to the patient that the effects will be intensified
Tell the ophthalmologist, who will then decide how to handle the situation
Suggest that the patient remain in the office for awhile after the examination
While waiting for the ophthalmologist, an anxious patient asks the Ophthalmic Medical Assistant for the results of a recent test. The assistant should
Explain that the ophthalmologist will discuss the results with the patient shortly
Discuss the results with the patient to reduce the level of anxiety
Reassure the patient that all is well and that the condition tested for is not serious
Politely tell the patient that another patient requires attention and leave the room
An ophthalmologist's office may disclose information regarding a patient's condition only when the individual seeking the information
Is the patients spouse
Has received permission from the patient
Is the patient's employer
Is a member of the patient's immediate family
Of the following, the structure that is part of the ocular adnexa is the
Cornea
Eyelid
Lens
Optic nerve
The medial rectus muscle rotates the eyes
Inward towards the nose
Outward towards the temple
Downward and outward toward the temple
Downward and inward toward the nose
The membrane that lines the inner eyelid is the
Bulbar conjuntiva
Epithelium
Palpebral conjunctiva
Tarsus
The tough, transparent membrane that provides about two thirds of the eye's focusing power is the
Retina
Conjunctiva
Sclera
The white tissue surroundind the cornea and forming the main structural component of the globe is the
Cilisry body
Limbus
Vitreous
The structures of the uveal tract, or uvea, are
Iris, ciliary body, choroid
Iris, posterior chamber, ciliary body
Choroid, sclera, retina
Iris, lens, choroid
The clear, transparent fluid that fills the anterior chamber is called the
Aqueous humor
Choroid
Tear film
The condition occurring most often in individuals over age 45 in which the lens can no longer change shape to focus at the near is
Accomodation
Presbyopia
Glaucoma
Cataract
The primary function of the sphincter and dilator muscles is to
Control the amount of light entering the inner part of the eye
Raise and lower the eyelid
Determine the direction and movement of the eyeball
Change the curvature of the lens
In this figure of the lacrimal system, the structures are correctly identified as
(1) lacrimal sac (2) punctum (3) lacrimal gland
(1) lacrimal sac (2) nasolacrimal duct (3) lacrimal gland
(1) lacrimal gland (2) punctum (3) lacrimal sac
(1) lacrimal gland (2) lacrimal sac (3) punctum
Under normal conditions, aqueous fluid leaves the eye in the sequence
Trabecular meshwork, through the canal of Schlemm, to the anterior chamber angle
Canal of Schlemm, through the trabecular meshwork, to the surface blood vessels
Anterior chamber angle, through trabecular meshwork, to canal Schlemm
Anterior chamber angle, through surface blood vessels, to trabecular meshwork
Injury or degeneration of the macula will most likely result in loss of
Night or dim-light visioj
Peripheral vision
Distance vision
Detailed central vision
In this figure of the visual pathway, the structures are correctly identified as
(1) visual cortex (2) optic tract (3) optic nerve
(1) optic nerve (2) optic chiasm (3) genticulate body
(1) optic chiasm (2) optic tract (3) genticulate body
(1) optic nerve (2) optic chiasm (3) visual cortex
The suffix -itis added to the name of a tissue or organ produces the medical term for
Infection
Inflammation
Ischemia
Degeneration
A body part deprived of its normal blood supply due to blockage or breakage of a vessel is said to be
Inflamed
Infected
Ischemic
Neoplastic
Diabetes Mellitus is an example of the type of disease process called
Metabolic
infectious
Degenerative
An abnormal change observed by a physician while examining a patient is referred to as
An etiology
A symptom
A sign
A syndrome
When the orbital contents swell, pushing the eyeball forward, the resulting condition is termed
Blepharitis
Exophthalmos
Ectropion
Exotropia
The term diplopia is used to describe
Swelling from large amounts of fluid
Paralysis
Double vision
Deviation of one or both eyes
Treatment of congenital strabismus may include surgery of the
Eye muscles
Inward deviation of an eye that occurs only when the eye is covered is called
Esophoria
Esotropia
Exophoria
Amblyopia referd to
The continual movement of the eyes from side to side and up and down
The suppression of visual images from a deviating eye
The abnormal drooping of an upper eyelid
Three-dimensional visual perception
The term chalazion describes
An inward turning of the eyelashes
A drooping upper eyelid
An inflammation of the lacrimal sac
A lump that develops after inflammation and infection of the meibomian glands
A condition of dry eyes is called
Dacrocystitis
Keratoconus
Keratoconjuntivitis sicca
Primary open-angle glaucoma
Is not a threat to vision
Can cause permanent damage to the optic nerve
Develops rapidly and suddenly
Accounts for a small percentage of all glaucomas
A cataract is
A clouding of the vitreous gel
A benign growth on the conjunctiva
A branch-shaped corneal ulcet
An opacification of the crystalline lens
The apperance of flashes of light in the corner of the eye followed by a sensation of a curtain moving across the vision are symptoms of
Age-related macular edema
Retinal detatchment
Retinitis pigmentosa
Papilledema
Substances that permit the passage of light without significant disruption are termed
Opaque
Transparent
Translucent
Electromagnetic
A convex lens with a focal length of 0.50 meter has a power of
0.20
0.50
2.00
5.00
A toric cornea is characteristic of
Hyperopia
Myopia
Astigmatism
The type of lens that best corrects myopia combined with astigmatism is a
Cylindrical lens
Spherical lens
Spherocylindrical lens
Multifocal lens
The difference between the power of the upper segment and the power of the lower segment in a bifocal lens is referred
Circle of least confusion
Refractive index
Principal meridian
Add
The correct transposition of the plus-cylinder prescription +1.00+2.00×90
+3.00-2.00×90
+1.00-2.00×180
+3.00-2.00×180
+2.00-1.00×90
The term neutralization in retinoscopy refers to
Administering cycloplegic eyedrops, which block accomodation
Finding the lens power that affects movement of the retinal reflex and fills thd pupil with light
Measuring the prescription of the patient's exisiting eyeglasses
Balancing the correction of both the patient's eyes
If the distance portion of an eyeglass lens is +2.00 and the bifocal add is +1.00, then the bifocal power is
+1.00
+2.00
+3.00
-1.00
The first step in performing manual lensometry or keratometry is to
Focus the eyepiece
Lubricate the instrument
Position the eyeglasses
Position the patient
If the lensmeter mires cannot be centered in the central portion of the lensmeter target, the lens probably contains a
Sphere
Cylinder
Spherocylinder
Prism
The part of the comprehensive medical eye examination during which the visible parts of the lacrimal apparatus are inspected is
Ophthalmoscopy
The external examination
The alignment and motility examination
The visual field examination
Healthy, asymptomatic individuals between the ages of 40 & 64 should have a comprehensive medical eye exam every
6 months
Year
2-4 years
5 years
When recording the patient's chief complaint, the opbthalmic medical assistant should
Include an evaluation of the patient's words
Include only the facts as stated by the patient
Substitute technical terms for the patient's words
Include any diagnoses that seem likely
Close examination of the lids, lashes, cornea, and lens can be accomplished with the
Biomicroscope
Ophthalmoscope
Gonioscope
Exophthalmometer
In the snellen acuity recording 20/200, the number 100 represents
Size of the largest optotype seen by the patient
Distance in feet from the patient to the chart
Distance in meters from the patient to the chart
Distance in feet at which a normal eye can see the particular line on the chart
If a pinhole acuity test is found to significantly improve a patient's poor visual acuity, the patient probably has
A cataract
Poor peripheral vision
A refractive error
Jaeger notations, snellen M units, and distance equivalents are various units of measuring
Near visual acuity
Ocular motility
Pupil width
Having a patient follow a finger in the six cardinal positions of gaze is a method of evaluating
Direct pupillary reaction
Extraocular muscle function
Distance acuity
The prism and alternate cover test is used to
Evaluate depth perception
Evaluate peripheral vision
Measure deviation in a misaligned eye
Measure near visual acuity
Of the following, the procedure that mistbe performed before pupillary dilation is
Cycloplegic refraction
The swinging-light test
In a normal consensual reaction, when a light is directed into the pupil of one eye, the pupil of the other eye
Constricts
Dilates
Is unchanged
Pulsates
Of the following, the test that evaluates disturbances or defects in the visual field is the
Worth four-dot test
Titmus stereopsis test
Schirmer test
Amsler grid test
Intraocular pressure is measured by flattening a small area of the central cornea in
Keratometry
Applanation tonometry
Indentation tonometry
Schiøtz tonometry
A reading of 3 on the Goldmann tonometer dial indicates an intraocularpressure of
0.3 mm Hg
3 mm Hg
15 mm Hg
30 mm Hg
Gonioscopy is a procedure used to view the
External structures of the eye
Structures of the anterior chamber angle
Optic nerve head
Indirect ophthalmoscopy provides a
Nonmagnified view of the fundus
15-fold magnified view of the fundus
Wider field of view of the fundus than does direct ophthalmoscopy
Narrower field of view of the fundus than does direct ophthalmoscopy
The three transparent structures that compose what is termed the ocular media are the
Cornea, lens, and retina
Conjunctiva, cornea, and lens
Cornea, lens, and vitreous
Lens, vitreous, and aqueous humor
The interferometer measures visual acuity potential by using a laser or special light beams to
Project parallel lines onto the macula
Photograph the cornea's endothelial cells
Project a lighted Snellen chart onto the retina
Deliver radiating sound waves throughout the cornea
Pachymetry is useful in determining the
Position and size of tumors in the eye
Macular function in a patient with a media opacity
Degree of a patient's sensitivity to glare
Ability of the cornea to withstand the stress of surgery
Of the following, the procedure used for counting endothelial cells of the cornea is
Fluorescein angiography
Specular microscopy/photography
Ultrasonography
Pachymetry
An acuity chart printed in faint gray instead of sharp black on white is useful for measuring
Glare sensitivity
Color vision
Contrast sensitivity
Fluoroscein angiography is a valuable method of detecting and documenting
Abnormalities in the structures of the outer eye
Corneal endothelial cells
Abnormalities in ocular blood vessels
Lens opacities
Of the following, the procedure most useful in calculating the power of an artificial lens to be implanted in a patient who has undergona cataract extraction is
A-scan ultrasonography
B-scan ultrasonography
Specular microscopy
The printed circles on a visual field chart refer to the
Radial meridians
Boundaries of a normal patient's island of vision
Eccentricity from fixation at 10° intervals
Holes within the contour of an otherwise normal visual field
On a visual field chart, a contour obtained with a single target of a particular size and brightness is
A shallow scotoma
An absolute scotoma
An isopter
A circle of eccentricity
Generally, the 0° point on visual field charts of both the right and the left eye is located at the
Extreme right on the horizontal meridian, and the other meridians are measured progressively in a clockwise direction
Extreme left on the horizontal meridian, and the other meridians are measured progressively in a clockwise direction
Extreme right on the horizontal meridian, and the other meridians are measured progressively in a counterclockwise direction
Top of the vertical meridian, and the other meridians are measured progressively in a counterclockwise motion
A defect in the inferior temporal retina will affect the
Inferior temporal field of vision
Inferior nasal field of vision
Superior temporal field of vision
Superior nasal field of vision
On visual field charts, the physiologic blind spot appears in the
Center of the visual field
Nasal visual field
Temporal visual field
Inferior visual field
Two examples of static perimetry are
The tangent screen test and the contrast sensitivity test
Suprathreshold perimetry and Autoplot perimetry
The tangent screen test and Goldmann perimetry
Threshold perimetry and suprathreshold perimetry
The technique of placing a target of a given size in the visual field and gradually increasing its brightness until the patient sees it is the basis for
Threshold perimetry
Suprathreshold perimetry
The tangent screen test
Goldmann perimetry
One disadvantage of Goldmann periimetry is that it
Covers only the central 30° of the visual field
Requires the examiner to move the target at the same speed in each direction
Provides no means of controlling the brightness of the test targets
Produces printed results that are difficult to plot and interpret
One advantage of computerized threshold perimetry is that it
Is quicker and easier to perform than kinetic perimetry
Is more sensitive in detecting shallow defects than kinetic perimetry
Eliminates the need for the technician to be in the room
Eliminates the need for patient response
This figure illustrates the
Light divergent property of a convex lens
Light divergent property of a concave lens
Light convergent property of a convex lens
Light convergent property of a concave lens
This figure shows the focal point of light rays in an eye that is
Myopic
Presbyopic
Emmetropic
Hyperopic
In this visual field chat of the right eye, the arrow on the left points to an area of decreased visual sensitivity known as a
Physiologic blind spot
Scotoma
Depression
Hemianopia
In this visual field chart of both eyes, the condition depicted is most often due to
Small pupil size
A lesion or tumor in the optic chiasm
Cataracts
For accurate perimetry, the patient's near correction must be in place if the patient
Has ptosis
Is presbyopic
Has a pupil size of 2mm or smaller
Is easily distracted
Correction for distance, near, and intermediate vision in one lens can be achieved with
An executive bifocal lens
A round-top segment bifocal lens
A single vision lens
A double-D segment trifocal lens
Transitional zones or areas of blending that create distorted or blurred vision are a particular drawback of
Round-top multifocal lenses
Conventional seamed multifocal lenses
Progressive-addition multifocal lenses
Polarized lenses
Because of its resistance to shattering , the material choice for safety glasses is
Heat-treated flint glass
Chemically treated flint glass
CR-39
Polycarbonate
Interpupillary distance is measured principally to determine
The base curve of a lens
The optical center of a lens
Thecpantoscopic angle of a lens frame
The segment height of a multifocal lens
The pantoscopic angle of a lens frame
The procedure for obtaining monocular interpupillary distance involves measuring the distance from
One pupil to the other in a single measurement
One pupil to the other in a single measurement and then dividing the results by 2
One pupil to the bridge of the nose and then multiplying the result by 2
Each pupil to the bridge of the nose separately and then adding the results
The accurate measurement of vertex distance during refractometry is required
For all refractive prescriptions
Only for multifocal prescriptions
Only for prescriptions with corrections greater than or equal to -5 to +5 diopters
Only for prescriptions with corrections less than or equal to -5 to +5 diopters
As a starting point, most opticians recommend fitting the top of a bifocal segment
Level with the upper lid margin
Level with the lower lid margin
Level with the lower rim of the pupil
Exactly at the middle of the eyeglass lens
The primary purpose of triage is to
Obtain the patient's complete ophthalmic history
Diagnose the patient's problem
Classify the patient's chief complaint according to its severity and urgency
Schedule office appointments acording to the availability of the physician
If the ophthalmic medical assistant notices a discrepancy between the patient's report of a traumatic injury and the injury itself, the assistant should
Confront the injured patient immediately
Inform the ophthalmologist in private, without the patient present
Inform the ophthalmologist in the presence of the patient
Disregard the discrepancy, as this matter is not the responsibility of the ophthalmic medical assistant
Of the following, the situation that should be treated as an emergency requiring immediate action is a
Recent onset of flashes of light
Loss of contact lenses needed for work
Mucous discharge from the eye
Sudden, painless, severe loss of vision
Generally, urgent situations are those requiring that the patient be seen within
3 to 6 hours
24 to 48 hours
5 to 7 days
1 to 2 weeks
A patient telephones the ophthalmologist's office reporting an alkali burn to the eye. The ophthalmic assistant should instruct the patient to
Patch the eye and proceed immediately to the office or emergency facility
Keep the eye closed and proced immediately to the office or emergency facility
Irrigate the eye with water for 20 minutes and then proceed to the office or emergency facility
Put a lubricating ointment on the eye and proceed immediately to the office or emergecy facility
When assisting a patient who feels faint in the office, the ophthalmic kedical assistant should first
Begin CPR
Get the emergency cart
Splash water on the patient's face
Get the patient's head below the heart
In encounters with irate or hostile patients, the best approach an ophthalmic medical assistant can take is to
Recommend that they see anothe physician
Try to convince them that they are being unreasonable
Listen calmly to their complaints and apologize for any misunderstanding
Ignore them until they calm down
When interacting with a visually impaired or blind patient, the ophthalmic medical assistant should
Approach quietly to avoid startling the patient
Speak through an accompanying companion
Speak loudly to ensure comprehension
Face the patient and say the patient's name
A papoose board is useful in
Propping up a toddler at the slit lamp
Immobilizing an infant during an ophthalmic evaluation
Transporting a toddler from one examining room to another
Testing visual acuity in a school-aged child who cannot identify letters
The "fix and follow" method of evaluating visual function is generally used with
Infants
School-aged children
Elderly patients
Patients with low vision
A patient with insulin dependent diabetes suddenly becomes sweaty, dizzy, and disoriented while waiting to see the ophthalmologist. The assistant, acting in compliance with the office's emergency procedures, should first
Reschedule the appointment and send the patient home
Have the patient lie down until the episode passes
Give the patient fruit juice or candy to stabilize the blood sugar level
Have the patient drink one or two glasses pf water
When testing visual acuity in elderly patients, the ophthalmic medical assistant should
Concentrate on distance acuity, as near acuity is not as important in this age group
Require that these patients respond quickly, so that an objective measurement can be obtained
Adjust the lighting to avoid glare, which often is a problem in this age group
Use the Allen chart rather than the Snellen chart when testing visual acuity
Approximately 95% of all individuals over the age of 65 havr some degree of
Diabetes
Diplopia
When the ophthalmic medical assistant schedules a lengthy appointment for a patient with IDDM, the most appropriate recommendation to make to the patient is to
Fast for several hours before the appointment
Come in right before lunch
Come in right after breakfast or lunch
Eat lightly on the day of the appointment
When the ophthalmic medical assistant asks a literate 8 year old patient to read the visual acuity chart, the child begins reciting the alphabet. The most effective action the assistant can take to get the results needed is to
Praise the child for trying hard to cooperate
Ask the parent to get the child started reading the chart
Ask the child to start at the beginning of the chart and read each letter separately
Move the child closer to the chart
One disadvantage of ophthalmic medicinal ointments is that they
May cause unwanted effects in other parts of the body
May blur vision when applied
Cannot be used in patients with excessive tearing
Do not remain in contact with the eye surface for very long
Of the following, the type of injection classified as a form of systemic drug delivery is the
Intravitreal
Subconjunctival
Subcutaneous
Retrobulbar
When instilling eyedrops, the ophthalmic medical assistant should
Administer the medication directly to the cornea
Make certain the dropper makes contact with the conjunctival sac
Administer the medication directly into the conjunctival sac
Apply direct pressure to the eyelids
Of the following, the drug that is most helpful when performing both a fundus examination and an objective refraction on a pediatric patient is
An anesthetic
A miotic
A mydriatic
A cycloplegic
The two types of drugs that could stimulate an attack of angle closure glaucoma in patients with narrow anterior chamber angles are
Mydriatics and cycoplegics
Mydriatics and antihistimines
Anesthetics and dyes
Antiallergic and anti inflammatory agents
In ophthalmology, topical anesthetics are most often used to
Perform major eye surgery
Treat corneal defects on a long-term basis
Relieve minor eye fatigue and redness
Prevent discomfort during diagnostic procedures
Miotics function to reduce the intraocular pressure by
Decreasing the production of aqueous humor
Contracting the ciliary body muscle and opening the outflow channels for aqueous humor
Paralyzing the ciliary body muscle and closing the anterior chamber angle
Dilatinf the pupil and opening the anterior chamber angle
All of the following are used to treat bacterial infections except
Neomycin
Sulfonamides
Nystatin
Bacitracin
The topical drug phenylephrine is classified as
An antimicrobial
The ophthalmologist has written that includes the abbreviations "gtt" and "bid." These indicate that the prescribed drug is
An ointment to be administered every hour
An ointment to be administered at bed time
Topical drops to be administered 4 times a day
Topical drops to be administered twice a day
Topical corticosteroids function primarily as
Lubricants, which keep the external eye moist and maintain tear film balance
Antimicrobials, which inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, or fungi
Irrigating solutions, which flush out the eye during surgical procedures
Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agents, which reduce swelling and scarring of the lids and anterior segment
A common side effect of cycloplegics is
Eye redness
Blurred vision
High blood pressure
Corneal edema
The microbe most likely to cause recurrent fever blisters is
Adenovirus
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein-Barr virus
Herpesvirus
A corneal abrasion caused by a tree twig is most likely to cause a
Fungal infection
Protozoal infection
Viral infection
Chlamydial infection
Of the following, the people most at risk for developing an ocular infection by the protozoan Acanthamoeba are those who
Eat undercooked or raw meat
Use homemade salt solutions to clean their contact lenses
Have had chickenpox during childhood
Use contaminated cosmetics
The primary purpose of standard precautions is to
Identify disease-causing microbes
Reduce the opportunity for harmful microbes to flourish and threaten patients and medical personnel
Protect the sterility of a sterilized article
Destroy all the microorganisms in the office environment
A tonometer tip is best disinfected by using
Boiling water
Moist heat
A germicide
Soap and water
Sterilization is best defined as
The transmission of infectious microbes from reservoir to host
The range of procedures used to prevent the spread of infectious microbes in the office
The process of inactivating or eliminating most disease-causing microorganisms
The destruction of all microorganisms
An autoclave is used to
Disinfect medical amterials that would be destroyed by dry or moist heat
Sterilize medical materials by means of pressurized moist heat
Sterilize medical materials by means of dry heat
Decontaminate reusable medical materials before they are sterilized
If the ophthalmic medical assistant accidentally touches the sterile functional surface of a disposable instrument
Resterilized in the office
Wiped with alcohol
Wiped with a sterile cloth
Discarded, no matter what it's cost
An infection caused when the eye has been penetrated by a contaminated metal fragment is an example of
Direct-contact transmission
Indirect-contact transmission
Common-vehicle transmission
Vector transmission
Ophthalmic medical assistants with open cuts on their hands
Should wear gloves to protect patients
Should wear gloves to protect themselves
Should wear gloves to protect patients and themselves
Do not need to wear gloves if they wash their hands before and after working with patients
Of the following, the task that is the responsibility of the ophthalmic assistant when caring for a patient undergoing minor surgery is
Initiating the discussion of informed consent
Prepping the patient for the procedure
Administering a local anesthetic by injection
Determining when the patient is steady enough to leave the office
The discussion involved in obtaining informed consent
Is necessary only before a major surgical procedure
Occurs between the patient and the ophthalmic medical assistant
Covers the benefits as well as the risks of the procedure
Is conducted mainly for the protection of the surgeon
Of the following, the suture material that is not broken down by the body but must be removed from the suture site is
Polypropylene
Collagen
Gut
Polyglactin 910
The rhumboid-shaped needle point used in procedures involving the cornea or sclera where the plane of penetration must be precise is
Cutting point
Reverse-cutting
Spatula point
Taper point
In this photograph, the surgical instruments are correctly identified from left to right as
Scissors, forceps, needle holder
Forceps, scissors, needle holder
Needle holder, forceps, scissors
Forceps, needle holder, scissors
To maintain hemostasis during a surgical procedure, the surgeon uses
Curettes
Cannulas
Clamps
Forceps
In lacrimal-system probing, a cannula is used to
Enlarge the small punctal opening
Scoop out the unwanted tissue
Hold the suture needle steady
Flush out a tear duct with an irrigating solution
All of the following are considered to be within the sterile operating field except
The instrument tray
Masks
Gloves
Drapes
Prepping the patient is usually done
After final scrubbing and without sterile gloves
Before final scrubbing and without sterile gloves
After final scrubbing and with non sterile gloves
Before final scrubbing and with sterile gloves
Of the following, the suture size least likely to be used for eye surgery is
2-0
5-0
8-0
10-0
The contact lens that allows oxygen to reach the cornea only through the tear pump are
Soft lenses
Rigid gas-permeable lenses
Polymethylmethacrylate lenses
Extended-wear lenses
A prescription for contact lenses
Is identical to that for eyeglasses
Requires only keratometry and refraction measurements
Includes both keratometry and base curve measurements
Includes vertex and interpupillary distance measurements
One significant advantage of soft lenses as compared to rigid gas-permeable lenses is that soft lenses
Generally are easier to handle, clean, and disinfect
Can correct large amounts of astigmatism or irregular corneas more effectively
Generally are easier to adapt to and initially more comfortable to wear
Can be modified after manufacture
An allergic reaction related to contact lens wear is most often due to individuals sensitivity to a
Soft contact lens material
Rigid contact lens material, such as silicon acrylate
Soap used to wash hands before insertion
Preservative or disinfectant chemical in a lens solution
Cosmetic restorative lenses are most appropriate for patients who
Want to enhance or change the color of their irises
Have disfigured eyes
Require relief from photophobia or glare sensitivity
Have large amounts of astigmatism that would otherwise require thick glasses
Disinfection of contact lenses serves primariky to
Remove surface protein deposits
Keep the lens surface hydrophilic
Prevent the growth of bacteria, viruses, and fungi
Lubricate the area between the cornea and the lens
Contact lenses are most likely to be contraindicated in individuals who
Have refractive errors resulting from keratoconus
Work in occupations requiring excellent peripheral vision
Participate heavily in sports activities
Are routinely exposed to excessive amounts of fumes or dust
Generally, when inserting a soft contact lens on a patient, the ophthalmic medical assistant should first place the lens on the
Sclera above the cornea
Sclera below the cornea
Sclera to the right or left of the cornea
Cornea directly
A corneal abrasion caused by foreign material lodged between the cornea and the contact lens
Can result in a serious corneal infection
Usually is more painful in soft lens wearers than in rigid lens wearers
Usually requires no treatment beyond removal of the lens for a few days
Always requires treatment with a pressure patch
The onky acceptable rinsing solution for contact lenses is
Salt tablets dissolved in distilled water
Salt tablets dissolved in tap water
The contact lens user's own saliva
Sterile saline solution
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