Biology Unit 4: Respiration and Photosynthesis

Define energy:

Why are the units of
energy?

What does the body
need
energy for?

How does energy flow through living systems?

Word equation for then hydrolysis of ATP

Decribe how ATP is converted into ADP and ADP is converted into ATP

Name the three types of phosphorylation

How are leaves adapted for photosynthesis

General equation for photosynthesis

How are the chloroplasts structured?

What occurs when chlorophyll absorb light?

When the chlorophyll loses electrons is it oxidised or reduced?

How does the excitation of chlorophyll lead to ATP production?

How is reduced NADP produced in the light dependent reaction?

Equation for the photolysis of water:

Why is the photolysis of water needed during the light dependant reaction?

Where does the light dependant reaction take place?

How are the thylakoids adapted for their function (light dependant reaction)?

How does carbon dioxide enter the chloroplast?

How is carbon dioxide used to produce organic molecules (glucose) and regereratec RuBP in the calvin cycle

Where does the light independent reaction take place?

Why does the light independent reaction not take place in the absence of light?

What is the law of limiting factors?

What are two ways of measuring the rate of photosynthesis?

If light intensity is the limiting factor how is it related to the rate of photosynthesis?

What is the compensation point?

How does carbon dioxide concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis?

How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?

How and why is glucose phosphorylated?

How does phosphorylated glucose two molecules of pyruvate?

How are two molecules of reduced NAD produced?

Why is the overall ATP yield of glycolysis only two?

Where does glycolysis take place?

Why is glycolysis the only source of ATP in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic conditions)?

Give the equation for the link reaction

Explain how the link reaction produces 2 molecules of carbon dioxide

How does the krebs cycle produce two reduced hydrogen carriers and ATP?

what is the overall yield for the link reaction and krebs cycle for one molecule of glucose

explain the significance of the krebs cycle

why are hydrogen acceptors oxidised where do the protons and electrons

how is the energy lost at each electron acceptor used

how is an electrochemical gradient established

how does protons moving back into the matrix produce atp

what is the name of the process which generates atp

how is water produced in the electron transport chain

why is oxygen described as the final proton accepter in the electron transport chain

what process can occur in anaerobic conditions

what is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and some microbe?

how is ethanol produced from pyruvate in plants and some microbes

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

How is lactate produced from pyruvate in animals?

Why is lactate build up bad in humans?

What is the energy yield from aerobic respiration?