Lecture 4

Organisational purpose- Stating firmly for of organisation

Vision statement- This refers to what wishes to become in some

Mission statement- This refers to what that organisation engages in & in

Value statement- This refers to organisation's

Goals can be expressed as ‘’ of organisation, describing of how organisation aspires to be & to operate at point in time. Goal system should be & tied to of organisation

Objectives can be considered as outcomes towards achieving . In comparison with goals, objectives are more statements of purpose that are tied to organisation’s

Path dependency- Where early & establish ‘policy paths’ that have effects on subsequent &

Elements of path dependency & lock in are , equipment & , people's , training & , standards, rules, systems & language, system &

One aspect of that path dependency tends to reinforce importance of is . Because of system of elements, trying to change one without changing others is likely to

Another aspect of that path dependency tends to reinforce importance of is . It is often not worth of changing everything to gain small in performance of one particular

Third aspect of that path dependency tends to reinforce importance of is . This refers to what managers choose to do at of an initiative or enterprise which may them in on path

Organisational culture- Taken-for-granted & that are shared within particular & help to make sense of organisational

One aspect of cultural frames of reference is (national/regional). Different countries may have different . Such may mean to work, , , ethics & behaviours differ between countries/regions. Subnational may also differ within country

Another aspect of cultural frames of reference is . This refers to of organisations that more frequently with one another than with those outside field & that have developed