Evolution Final

Sexual Selection

Direct Intrasexual competition

Indirect Intrasexual Competition methods (4)

Direct Intersexual competition

Indirect intersexual selection

"handicap principle"

Lek

Runaway selection

Non Altruism (2)

Kin selection

r

Hamilton's Rule

Corollaries of Kin selection (2)

Greenbeard effect

Reciprocal altruism requirements

Naive Group selection

Trait group model

speciation

morphospecies concept and problems

biological species concept

problems with BSC

phylogenetic species concept

types of pre-mating isolation barriers

types of prezygotic barriers

post zygotic extrinsic and intrinsic barriers

Steps in classical speciation (3)

Modes of speciation (4)

Peripatric speciation

parapatric speciation

implications of small/medium/large mutations on speciation

Wright's Adaptive Landscape Model

Speciation by Anagensis

speciation by cladogenesis

3 reasons for decoupling of genetic and morphological variation

patterns of branching (2)

Phyletic Gradualism

punctuated equilibria

reasons for stasis

reasons speciation may not occur

examples of one way interspecific interactions

examples of mutualistic situations

Situations for coevolution (2)

Character displacement

Ecological Release

Red Queen Effect

reasons for arms races to stop escalation (4)

cospeciation

Explanations for parallel phylogenies (3)

geographic mosaic of coevolution

factors that increase diversity (6)

background extinction

Causes of background extinction

Co-extinction

Mass Extinction

possibilities following extinction

main differences of holocene extinction

3 major approaches to reconstructing past

informative unit of cladistic reconstruction

Tandem Duplication

segmental duplication

aneuploidy

possible evolutionary fates of duplicated genes (5)

Autopolyploidy

Allopolyploidy

re-diploidization

consequences of whole genome duplication

significance of paleopolyploidy in plants

ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny

cis regulation

homeobox genes

characteristics of arthropods

heterochromy

neoteny

what is a genome

C-value

DNA constancy hypothesis

C-value paradox

transposable elements

Ways to change genome size

phenotypic consequences of genome size

Holometabolous

Evolutionary Trend

Driven vs. Passive trend

causes of evolutionary trends (4)

parallel evolution

convergent evolution

Dollo's Law

parsimony

Cope's Rule

Bergmann's Rule

information theory

ways of measuring adaptability

Life's little joke

explanation for increase in mean complexity

relative progress

reasons for claim humans are no longer evolving

reasons for acceleration of human adaptive evolution