renal drug elimination
what are the three processes involved in renal elimination- renal clearance is the net of these three processes

If fraction of drug excreted unchanged is 0.3 and total CL of drug is 9L/h and drug is only eliminated by renal excretion and hepatic metabolism, what is the renal clearance of the drug?

Which of the following beta blockers is cleared solely by renal elimination?
atenolol
propranolol
metoprolo

True or False:
the pharmacokinetics of a drug that is mainly eliminated by renal excretion will not be affected by renal failure

True or False:
morphine is metabolised to glucuronide metabolites (M6G and M3G) which are really excreted. In renal failure, these accumulate in the body and can lead to signs of opioid toxicity

Blood passes through kidney and is filtered at the glomerulus. What are factors that will govern the ability of drug to be filtered off (diffuse through glomerulus)?

True or False
It is only unbound drug that can be filtered off st the glomerulus

What is active secretion, what is involved and where does it generally occur in kidney?

What are two important consequences of active secretion being present?

Which type of active secretion transporter does probenecid interact with

which type of transporter does cimetidine interact with

what will happen to the blood levels of penicillin ( weak acid) if it is co-administered with probenecid?

Drug in the urine in the tubules can undergo passive reabsorption. What are two factors that can influence the extent of reabsorption that occurs

A drug has a total CL of 10L/h. The fraction excreted unchanged is 0.4. GFR=7L/h and the fraction unbound of the drug is 0.2.
Does this drug undergo significant active secretion or significant reabsorption?

A drug has a Vd of 20L and k=0.4 per h. fe=0.6 and fu=0.5. GFR is 7L/h. Does this drug undergo significant active secretion or reabsorption?

A drug has a total CL of 5L/h. It has a fu=0.2 and fe=0.1. If GFR=7L/h, does this drug undergo significant active secretion or reabsorption?

If we administer a 600mg IV dose to a patient and we collect all urine to ensure we collect all drug that is going to be excreted and amount excreted = 300mg, what is fe?

If we administer 600mg of drug orally and F=0.5 and we collect urine and find that 150mg is excreted in urine, what is fe for this drug?

Creatinine clearance can be estimated using cockcroft gault equation. what are some limitations of this method?

Which of the following drugs is most likely to be affected to the greatest extent by renal disease?
drug A fe=0.5
drug B fe=0.8
drug C fe=0.1

In the Tozer equation which can be used to determine dose in renal dysfunction:
dose fail=dose normal (1-fe(1-KF))
what does KF stand for?