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PHYSIO Exam #1

Pregunta 1 de 34

1

The Nerntz potential for Na+ does not suggest that the concentration of this ion is equal on both sides of the membrane.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 34

1

The movement of water across a membrane is always an active process requiring primary active transport.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 34

1

The Nernst Equation is important for:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Determining the absolute membrane potential.

  • Determining the electrical potential difference, for a single ion, needed to counter the concentration difference.

  • Determining the electrical potential difference, for multiple ions, needed to counter the concentration difference.

  • Determining the concentration difference, for multiple, needed to counter the electrical potential difference.

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 34

1

When determining the "equilibrium potential" for Na+, we have to assume the membrane is permeable to all solutes.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 34

1

Any difference in energy across a membrane is considered the ___________ that pushes a molecule in one direction of the other.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • magnum force

  • carrier force

  • delta force

  • driving force

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 34

1

To initiate the action potential of the cell's resting membrane potential must first be changed to reach the threshold of voltage-gates sodium channels.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 34

1

Which process listed below is most responsible for maintaining the electrochemical gradient of a resting membrane?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • facilitated diffusion of Na+

  • Na+/K+ pump

  • Ca storage

  • Starbuck's coffee

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 34

1

If a positively charged ion is more concentrated inside the cell, the electrical forces required to balance the chemical gradient would be directed ____________. Thus, the equilibrium potential (which reflects the voltage inside of the cell) for this ion would be __________ charged.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • inward; positively

  • outward; negatively

  • outward; positively

  • inward; negatively

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 34

1

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the membrane potential were allowed to reach the equilibrium potential for Na+, in which direction (at the moment equilibrium is reached) would overall Na+ movement be?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • inward

  • outward

  • no net movement

  • varies by cell

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 34

1

The initial rapid change in resting membrane voltage (potential) seen during an action potential is called the "repolarization phase".

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 34

1

The functioning (physiology) of our body is dependent and mimics the functioning of _____________.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • cell

  • tissue

  • organ

  • all of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 34

1

The largest concentration of the body’s water resides in the ____________________.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Extracellular fluid

  • Plasma

  • Intracellular fluid

  • Interstitial fluid

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 34

1

Na+ has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid, than in the intracellular fluid.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 34

1

In warm weather, particular sensors within the body may sense that the body temperature is increasing. In response the systems of the body respond by trying to decrease the temperature change. This is an example of________________________.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Starbuck’s coffee reaction

  • Osmotic control, moving water from inside the body out

  • Homeostasic control systems

  • I don’t know

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 34

1

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of ...

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Glucose and Lactose

  • Galactose and Glucose

  • Galactose and Fructose

  • Fructose and Glucose

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 34

1

Which statement about enzymes is not true?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Enzymes are generally proteins

  • For enzymes to be active they should first bind/link to a reactant molecule (substrate)

  • Are usually one dimensional in shape and function.

  • Can catalyze a reaction between to other molecules.

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 34

1

The enzyme _______ catalyzes the reaction whereby nucleotides are added to the polynucleotide chain that contains DNA (deoxyribose sugars).

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • RNA polymerase.

  • helicase.

  • DNA polymerase.

  • histone.

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 34

1

The Mitochondria –

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Can vary in number from cell to cell

  • Utilizes Aerobic mechanisms (electron transport chain) to produce ATP

  • Uses phospholipids for its membrane

  • All of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 34

1

The Golgi apparatus sorts, modifies and packages proteins into vesicles targeted for their final destination.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 34

1

The property of phospholipids can be described as ___________.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A single polar region that is miscible in aqueous solution.

  • A hydrophobic region that associates with water and hydrophilic regions that face one another.

  • A hydrophilic region that associates with water and hydrophobic regions that face one another.

  • None of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 34

1

Which statement is NOT an accurate description of HOMEOSTATIC mechanisms of the body?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • They function through either positive or negative feedback systems.

  • They maintain each regulated variable around a set point.

  • They maintain a constant internal environment in the face of a variable external environment.

  • They have an unlimited capacity to respond to changes in the external environment.

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 34

1

The _________________ is the site where lipids, triglycerides, and steroids are synthesized, as well as where calcium is stored within the cell.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum

  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  • Lysosomes.

  • None of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 34

1

The enzymes of glycolysis are located within the ______________ of the cell.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • inner mitochondrial membrane

  • outer cell membrane

  • lysosome

  • cytoplasm

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 34

1

The concentration of Na+ in mammalian systems is generally

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Lower outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.

  • Higher outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.

  • Equal on both sides of the cell membrane

  • Not an issue due to the ions permeability of the membrane.

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 34

1

The rate of diffusion in an open solution is dependent on several factors including concentration gradient, permeability across the membrane, viscosity of the fluid, and temperature.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 34

1

Which choice below does not play a role in determining osmolarity?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Concentration of solute

  • Permeability

  • Solutes that can cross the membrane

  • Solutes that can not cross the membrane

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 34

1

Active transport differs from facilitated diffusion in that it uses energy to move a substance (downhill) in the direction of its concentration or electrical gradient.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 34

1

Passive transport of an ion requires that it move down its concentration gradient.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 34

1

Properties associated with protein membrane active transporters is/are -

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Selectivity

  • Uses energy from solute concentration gradient

  • Uses energy stored in ATP bonds

  • All of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 34

1

Which statement below is true?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Voltage across a membrane is “pressure”.

  • A Concentration differences across a membrane is a “pressure”.

  • The cell membrane containing a cell can be considered a “pressure”

  • All of the above are true

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 34

1

Osmotic pressure is the pressure necessary to prevent the movement of water across a membrane.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 34

1

Sodium-linked glucose transport, where both Na+ and glucose are moving in the same direction, is an example of
_____________.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • countertransport.

  • Secondary active transport.

  • antiport.

  • Primary active transport.

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 34

1

The Na+/K+ pump is an excellent example of secondary active transport.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 34

1

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the voltage across the membrane of the cell were to reach the
equilibrium potential for Na+, at the moment it reaches equilibrium, in which direction would the net Na+ movement be?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Inward

  • outward

  • varies by cell

  • No net movement of Na+

Explicación

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