Vertical Transportation

1) hydraulic elevators are lifted by a:
2) what is the downside of this type?
3) hydraulic elevators are only used for:

1) compared to electric elevators, a hydraulic's speed is:
2) single-ram elevator's weight capacity is:
3) multiple-ram units can lift:
4) a variation is the holeless hydraulic which uses a:
5) another type uses a roller chain mtd over:

1) electric elevators aka "traction elevators" (Fig 20.1) employs a cab that's:

1) electrical elevators are capable of what compared to hydraulic elevators
2) "gearless traction elevators" use a:
3) when are gearless used?

1) "geared traction elevators" are used for:
2) geared types use a a high-speed DC or AC motor to drive a:
3) this type prvd's much flexibility for slow-speed, high capacity elev.'s b/c:

1) "roping" refers to:
1) the 'single wrap" is the most simple where the rope passes over the:
2) "double-wrap" is req.'d for:
3) what is the disadvg to double-wrapping

1) what is 1:1 roping?
2) what is 2:1 roping?

1) "operation" is used to describe the way:
2) "control" describes the method of coord. all aspects of elev. service like:

1) the most simple type of system is the "single automatic" where attendants were no longer needed & now consist of:

1) the most common type of system for bldgs is the "selective collective operation" where the elevator:
2) when is a sim. type called "group automatic operation" used?

1) in a "destination floor guidance system" it uses computer ctrl w/ AI to put riders in:
2) 1st type of drive ctrl is "unit multivoltage" (UMV) ctrl system, it uses:

1) the 2nd type of drive ctrl is "silicon-ctrl'd rectifier" (SCR) ctrl system, it provides:
2) the SCR provides good:
3) the 3rd type is "variable-voltage, variable frequency" (VVVF) AC ctrl system uses:

1) in the VVVF, the current ctrls a standard:
2) VVVF systems have accurate & efficient speed ctrl systems, is energy efficient, & is
3) how is the brake on a the sheave or motor shaft operated?

1) what senses the cab's speed?
2) what do safety clamp rails do?
3) what safety feature is in the elev. pit?

1) what do hoistway door interlocks do?
2) what prevents the doors from closing on someone?
3) ^what is another device that serves this purpose?
4) what is a proximity detector?

1) how is overloading in a cab prevented?
2) other safety device features in an elev. include:

1) where do the cars stop if power fails?
2) typ what does code req. if power fails?
3) code req.'s if a fire alarm is activated, all elev. cars:

1) elev.'s must be accessible to the disabled, which req.'s that in lobbies:
2) what is the min time btwn notification a car answered a call & dr starts to close?
3) elev. cars need to be sized for a wheelchair to maneuver w/in reach of ctrls & entering/ exiting, what are these clearances?

*Practice Question
What type of elevator should be specified for a 40-story office bldg?
1) hydraulic
2) gearless traction
3) geared traction
4) electric

1) for most bldgs, the "handling capacity" or # of ppl to be served is based on:
2) the # of ppl an elevator can carry is a function of its:
3) the max # of passengers in an elev. car is directly related to:

1) # of elevators is based on the probability of:
2) then the actual # of elevators req.'d if found by taking the total:
3) recommended "interval" or avg waiting time for diversified offices is:
4) for apartments & hotels is:

1) all hall lanterns on elevators should be located so:
2) ppl should be able to wait for elev. w/out
3) max # of cars in a "group" & "line"
4) what is the 1st method to keep acceptable wait & travel times for towers

1) the 2nd method for towers is using the
2) the 3rd method is:

1) the "hoistway" or elev. shaft prvd.'s a dedicated space that is:
2) if an elev. connects no more than 3 flrs the shaft & openings req. a (__) rating
3) & if elev. connects 4 or + stories:
4) how should the hoistway be illuminated

1) max # of cars in a hoistway is 4 elev. cars & if 4 or more cars serve a flr they must:
2) what must be prvd.'d in the elev. pit?

1) what are the 3 types of elevator doors?
2) what is the min clear opening width?

1) where are machine rooms best located?
2) list all the components in a machine room that req. servicing & access clearance
3) typ what is necessary size of machine rm
4) min ceiling height of machine rm is:

1) what type of elevators not always req. a machine room anymore?
2) describe how a "machine-roomless elevator" (MRL) works

1) how do MRL rooms reduce energy consumption?
2) how do regenerative drives generate electricity w/ a MRL room?

OTHER MRL ADVANTAGES:
1) reduced noise & vibration due to the coated steel belts
2) elimination of the lubrication needed for traditional wire ropes
3) faster installation

FREIGHT ELEVATORS
1) Class A is for:
2) Class B
3) Class C1
4) Class C2
5) Class C3

1) common available capacities of freight elevators is:
2) speed ranges of freight elevators:

ESCALATORS
1) what is the industry std. speed?
2) 3 sizes available & "T" tread size is:
3) the observed capacity of a 32" & 48" escalator (most common types) is:
4) escalators are set in a truss assembly at (__) degrees

1) what is the most common escalator arrangement?
2) what is the arrangement of the "crisscross walkaround?"
3) what is the arrangement of the "parallel spiral?"
4) of the "stacked parallel arrangement?"

STAIRS & RAMPS
1) what is the min width of any stair
2) ^ & when the occ. load exceeds 50?
3) ^stair prvd's evacuation assistance?
4) how much can handrails project in on both sides of a stair?
5) the bldg code only allows winding, circular, & spiral stairs in:

1) winding stairs are classified as such b/c they have:
2) circular stairways sides are shaped as an arc, & the inside arc cannot be:
3) spiral stairs use wedge-shaped treads that:
4) what can the allowable riser height of a spiral stair be?

1) req.'d top handrail extension length
2) req.'d btm handrail extension length
3) what is the req.'d landing width?
4) what is the req.'d landing depth?
5) if space for evacuation assistance is req.'d, where is it typ located?

1) in an exit stair, code req.'s doors adj to landings not project into exit path more than (__) distance when door is opening or fully opened
2) extensive research proves which combo of stair tread & height is best?
3) the stair tread is the horiz. projection of the distance from:

1) which formula can be used to determine the total # of stairs when the total rise is known & risers must be whole # w/out exceeding 7" or 8" in private stairs:
2) total run of a stair is calc.'d by:

1) the # of treads for a straight-run stair is:
2) what is the max distance btwn landings?
3) top & btm treads should have:
4) accessible design req.'s nosings not be abrupt & have: