Grace Hernandez-Jackson
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Theories of Cognitive Development

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Grace Hernandez-Jackson
Creado por Grace Hernandez-Jackson hace alrededor de 1 año
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Chapter 6: Infant Studies

Pregunta 1 de 32

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Assimilation, taking in info that is compatible with what one already knows, is acoordining to which theorist?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Chandler Bing

  • Jean Piaget

  • Erik Erikson

  • Sigmund Freud

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 32

1

What is accommodation (according to Piaget)?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The process by which children recognize their schemes and, in the process, move to the next developmental stage

  • Changing existing knowledge based on new knowledge

  • Taking in info that is compatible with what one already knows

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 32

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What is equilibration (according to Piaget)?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Taking info that is compatible with what one already knows

  • Changing existing knowledge based on new knowledge

  • The process by which children reorganize their schemes and, in the process, move to the next developmental stage

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Sensorimotor, the ( first, second, third, fourth ) of Piaget's four stages of development, lasts from birth to about 2 years, in which infants progress from responding reflexively to using symbols.

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 32

1

Preoperational is defined as what?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Young children are able to think about things symbolically

  • Distinguishing and mastering individual motions

  • The theory that Rachel and Ross were on a break

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 32

1

What is concrete operational?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The opposite of preoperational

  • The tendency to focus on one salient aspects of a situation and neglect other, possibly relevant aspects

  • Something characterized by the emergence of logical operations such as conservation, reversibility or classification, allowing logical reasoning

  • Operational that is concrete

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 32

1

The formal operational stage is characterized by what?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The emergence of logical thinking processes, particularly the ability to understand theories and abstract ideas and predict possible outcomes of hypothetical problems

  • Not using your frontal lobe to make decisions properly

  • Difficulty in seeing the world from another's POV

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 32

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Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

is the difficulty in seeing the world from another's perspective, typical of children in piaget's preoperational stage

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 32

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What is the phenomenon in which preschool children attribute life and lifelike properties to inanimate objects?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Egocentrism

  • Animism

  • Marcel, Ross' monkey

  • Centration

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 32

1

What is centration?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Distinguishing and mastering individual motions

  • Young children are able to think about things symbolically

  • Difficulty in seeing the world from another's point of view; typical of children in Piaget's preoperational stage

  • The tendency to focus on one salient aspect of a situation and neglect other, possibly relevant aspects

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 32

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Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

Object is the understanding, acquired in infancy, that objects exist independently of oneself.

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Constructivism is the view associated with ( Piaget, Erikson, Freud, Watson ) that children are active participants in their own development who systematically construct ever-more-sophisticated understanding of their worlds.

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 32

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The sociocultural perspective is the view that children's cognitive development can only be understood by considering the cultural contexts in which they develop. Which theorist is associated with this?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Ross Geller

  • B.F Skinner

  • Lev Vygotsky

  • Ivan Pavlov

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 32

1

According to Vygotsky, mutual, shared understanding among people who are participating in an activity together is called what?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Intersubjectivity

  • Guided participation

  • Sociocultural perspective

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 32

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Structured interactions between a child and another more knowledgeable person are thought to promote cognitive growth. This is called guided participation and is thought to be by Piaget.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

The ( zone, theory ) of proximal development is the difference between what children can do with assistance and what they can do alone. Like putting a bed sheet on the bed (not really).

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 32

1

Brain break: How many times did Ross Geller get married?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • 2

  • 3

  • 4

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 32

1

What is scaffolding?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A view that human cognition consists of mental hardware and mental software

  • Subvocalized speech directed and adapted to oneself

  • The process that enables a child or novice to solve a problem, carry out a task, or achieve a goal that would be beyond his unassisted efforts.

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 32

1

Private speech is speech spoken to oneself for what? Of these options, how many apply?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Communication

  • Self-guidance

  • Self-regulation

  • "Little Harmonica"

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 32

1

What is inner speech?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Subvocalized speech directed and adapted to oneself

  • Speech spoken to oneself for communication, self-guidance, and self-regulation of behavior

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Information-processing ( theory, disorder, perspective, process ) is the view that human connection consists of mental hardware and mental software

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 32

1

What is the component of the information-processing system analogous to a computer's operating system that coordinates the activities of the system called?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Inhibitory processes

  • Scaffolding

  • Central executive

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 32

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Inhibitory ( processes, theory, perspective, system ) are cognitive processes that relate to the control of thought, conduct, and emotions during goal-directed behavior.

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 32

1

What is executive functioning?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Cognitive activities that require virtually no effort

  • The difference between what children can do with assistance and what they can do alone

  • A mechanism of growth that includes inhibitory processes, planning, and cognitive flexibility

  • A view that human cognition consists of mental hardware and mental software

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Core-knowledge ( theories, hypothesis, processes ) are the view that infants are born with a rudimentary knowledge of the world that is elaborated based on children's experiences.

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 32

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What are automatic processes?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • When Phoebe got pregnant for her brother,

  • Cognitive processes are cognitive activities that require virtually no effort

  • The size of ongoing cognitive activity

  • Limitless, permanent storehouse of knowledge of the world

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 32

1

What is it called when there is the belief that living things and parts of living things exist for a purpose that is applied to children's naive theories of living things?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Automatic processes

  • A theory of mind

  • Theological explanations

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 32

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What is essentialism?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • When children believe that all living things have an essence that can't be seen but gives a living thing its identity

  • When Ross and Phoebe kissed (was that a fever dream???)

  • The size of ongoing cognitive activity

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

The theory of mind is a naive understanding of the relations between mind and behavior – between ages of ( 2 and 5, 7 and 9, 12 and 15 )

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

( Sensory, Working, Long-term ) memory is where info is held, no longer than a few seconds, briefly in a raw, unanalyzed form

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 32

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Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

( Working, Sensory, Long-term ) memory is the size of ongoing cognitive activity

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 32

1

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

( Sensory, Long-term, Working ) memory is limitless. permanent storehouse of knowledge of the world.

Explicación

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