What is the most abundant mineral in the human body?
Potassium
Calcium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
99% of calcium in the body is located in bones
Food additives are a source of THIS bone health nutrient; this is also a mineral that plays a role in the transport of lipids in the body because it is a component of lipoproteins.
Fluoride
Which is NOT a major function of calcium in the blood?
blood clotting
muscle contractions
nerve impulses
regulates heart beat/blood pressure
all of these are major functions of calcium in the blood
Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the parathyroid gland and ultimately raises blood calcium levels.
Which fat-soluble vitamin is important in the synthesis and maintenance of bones in the body?
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Green, leafy vegetables are a good source of what nutrient because it is a part of the chlorophyll?
Absorption of what mineral is increased by estrogen, vitamin D and hydrochloric acid?
Sources of this nutrient include toothpaste and mouthwash.
Chloride
These are the two types on tissues on your bones
Cortical
Collagen
Tribecular
Osteoblast
Which does NOT correctly match with it's function.
Osteoblasts-build bone
Osteocytes-take up Ca from the bone
Osteoclasts-break the bone
all of these are correctly matched
Who are NOT at risk of getting calcium deficiency (osteoporosis)
postmenopausal women
lactose intolerant
vegans
elderly
Which is NOT a function of Phosphorus?
80% in bones & teeth
Regulation of heartbeat & blood pressure
Phospholipids
Component of cell membranes, ATP, and DNA
These are sources of Phosphorus
baked goods
cheese
fatty fish
breakfast cereals
soda pop
mushrooms
Low calcium intake and high phosphorus intake can result in bone loss
You can not obtain vitamin D from sunlight.
Osteomalacia means "large bones" and is the childhood deficiency for Vitamin D.
Osteoblasts are blne-building cells
Most bone formation occurs ________.
between infancy and adolescence
between the ages of 20 and 30
between the ages of 30 and 40
over the age of 40
Significant nondairy sources of calcium include ____________.
almonds, beans, mustard greens, broccoli, and tofu
meat, eggs, and fish
whole-grain breads and cereals, peanuts, bananas, and spinach
all of the above
Calcium absorption is likely to be highest in ______________.
adults in middle age
adolescent males and females
both a and b
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for osteoporosis?
low physical activity
low calcium and vitamin D intakes
obesity
amenorrhea
Low intakes of calcium and vitamin D have been associated with increased risk of cancer.
Phosphorus deficiency is a common problem in North America.
Over half of the magnesium in the body is found in the ________.
heart
liver
bones
brain
Which of the following helps protect against dental caries?
iodine
manganese
fluoride
chromium
Which of the following is a part of acquired (specific) immunity?
skin
hydrochloric acid
antibodies
fever
Antioxidants help minimize the damaging effect of free radicals.
Wheat germ and vegetable oils are good sources of Vitamin E.
Vitamin C is required for the formation of ____________, required to synthesize collagen.
tryptophan
serotonin
hydroxyproline
acetyl-CoA
Ingesting 1000 mg of supplemental vitamin C / day has been proven to prevent common colds.
Selenium deficiency can cause impaired thyroid hormone metabolism.
Which food provides very little vitamin A?
mango
spinach
banana
Vitamin A is involved in all of the following functions EXCEPT _____________.
vision and dark adaptation
hemoglobin synthesis
resistance to infection
cell differentiation
Vitamin A deficiency is associated with the symptoms of night blindness, keratinization, and increased infections.