Caleb Herring
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Just a practice test from the back of the textbook.

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Caleb Herring
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Pschology Chapter 7 practice test

Pregunta 1 de 20

1

Learning is defined as "the process of acquiring through experience new and relatively enduring______ or________"

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Information

  • Action

  • behaviors

  • hardships

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 20

1

Two forms of associative learning are classical conditioning, in which the organism associates ______________ and operant conditioning, in which the organism associates__________.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • two or more responses; a response and consequence

  • two or more stimuli; two or more consequences

  • two or more stimuli; a response and consequence

  • two or more responses; two or more stimuli

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 20

1

In Pavlov's experiments, the tone started as a neutral stimulus, and then became a(n)____________ Stimulus.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Conditioned

  • Unconditioned

  • Neutral

  • Partial

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 20

1

Dogs have been taught to salivate to a circle but not to a square. this process is an example of?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Pro-social behavior

  • discrimination

  • Shaping

  • acquisition

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 20

1

After Watson and Rayner classically conditioned Little Albert to fear a white rat, the child later showed fear in response to a rabbit, a dog, and a sealskin coat. this illustrates

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • extinction

  • generalization

  • spontaneous energy

  • discrimination between two stimuli

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 20

1

Thorndike's law of effect was the basis for_____ work on operant conditioning and behavior control.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Pavlov's

  • Skinner's

  • Dr. Adam's

  • Freud's

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 20

1

One way to change behavior is to reward natural behaviors in small steps, as they get closer and closer to a desired behavior. This process is called________

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Discrimination

  • modeling

  • acquisition

  • Shaping

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 20

1

your dog is barking so loudly that it's making your ears ring. You clap your hands, the dog stops barking, your ears ringing, and you think to yourself, "If I'll have to do that when he barks again." The end of the barking was for you a________

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • positive reinforcer

  • Negative reinforcer

  • positive punishment

  • negative punishment

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 20

1

reinforcing a desired response only some of the times it occurs is called?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • positive reinforcement

  • negative reinforcement

  • Partial reinforcement

  • continuous reinforcement

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 20

1

A restaurant is running a special deal. After you buy four meals at full price, your fifth meal will be free. this is an example of a_______ schedule of reinforcement

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • fixed-ratio

  • variable-ratio

  • fixed-interval

  • variable-interval

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 20

1

the partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after unpredictable time periods is a __________-________ schedule.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Variable-Interval

  • fixed-ratio

  • fixed-interval

  • variable-ratio

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 20

1

a medieval proverb notes that "a burnt child dreads the fire." In operant conditioning, the burning would be an example of a

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • primary reinforcer

  • negative reinforcer

  • punisher

  • positive reinforcer

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 20

1

Which research showed that conditioning can occur even when the unconditioned stimulus does not immediately follow the neutral stimulus?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The Little Albert experiment

  • Pavlov's experiments with dogs

  • Watson's behaviorism studies

  • Garcia and Koelling's taste-aversion studies

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 20

1

Taste-aversion research has shown that some animals develop aversions to certain tastes but not to sights or sounds. this finding supports

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Pavlov's demonstration of generalizaation

  • Darwin's principle that natural selection favors traits that aid survival

  • Watson's belief that psychologists should study observable behavior, not mentalistic concepts

  • the early behaviorists' view that any organism can be conditioned to any stimulus

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 20

1

Evidence that cognitive processes play an important role in learning comes in part from studies in which rats

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • spontaneously recover previously learned behavior

  • develop cognitive maps

  • exhibit respondent behavior

  • generalize responses

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 20

1

Parents are most effective in getting their children to imitate them if

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • their words and actions are consistent

  • they have outgoing personalities

  • one parent works and the other stays home to care for the children

  • they carefully explain why a behavior is acceptable in adults, but not in children

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 20

1

Most experts agree that repeated viewing of TV violence

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • makes all viewers significantly more aggressive

  • has little effect on viewers

  • dulls viewers sensitivity to violence

  • makes viewers angry and frusterated

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 20

1

rats that explored a maze without any reward were alter able to run the maze as well as other rats that had received food rewards for running the maze. the rats that had learned without reinforcement demonstrated _____________

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • punishment

  • Shaping

  • Latent learning

  • pro-social behavior

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 20

1

Children learn many social behaviors by imitating parents and other models. this type of learning is called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • behaviorism

  • Observational learning

  • respondent behavior

  • modeling

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 20

1

Some scientists believe that the brain has __________ that enable observation and imitation

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • cognitive maps

  • Mirror neurons

  • reinforcement schedules

  • pro-social behaviors

Explicación