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Closely examine the principles of genetic inheritance and the theory of evolution Use theoretical models to explain behaviour

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Evolution, genetics and behaviour

Pregunta 1 de 43

1

Who is the father of principles of genetic inheritance in 19th century

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Gregor Modana

  • George Mandel

  • Gregor Mendel

  • Georger Mandal

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 43

1

How does the genetic inheritance process works in terms of Genes?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Genes is made of RNA> DNA> Protein> influences genotype

  • Genes is made of DNA> Protein > influences phenotype

  • Genes is made of DNA> Protein> RNA> influences phenotype

  • Genes is made of DNA> RNA> Protein> influences genotype

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 43

1

Genotype influences outward manifestation (physical appearances, behaviour)

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 43

1

Phenotype is responsible for outward manifestation such as genetic blueprint

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 43

1

Can same genes have different types of alleles?

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 43

1

Genes come in pairs. When pairs are different (different alleles), what are they called?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Heterozygous

  • Monozygous

  • Homozygous

  • Diffzygous

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 43

1

Genes comes in pairs. What are same pairs (same alleles) called?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Heterozygous

  • Monozygous

  • Homozygous

  • Similarzygous

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 43

1

Genes can be either dominant or recessive. What does dominant genes show?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Dominant genes show its effect on phenotype only in the monozygyous conditions

  • Dominant genes show its strong effect on phenotype only in homozygous conditions

  • Dominant condition shows its strong effect on phenotype in either homozygous or monozygous conditions.

  • Dominant condition shows its strong effect on phenotype in either homozygous or heterozygous conditions.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 43

1

Genes can be dominant or recessive. What does Recessive gene effect?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Recessive gene shows its effects only in heterozygous conditions

  • Recessive gene shows its effect only in homozygous conditions

  • Recessive genes only shows its effect in monozygous conditoions

  • Recessive gene shows its effect regardless of its alleles condition

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 43

1

For example: Food aversion= genes ability to taste PTC (phenylthiocarbamide). Which two of the following statement is true for ability to taste PTC.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Medium sensitivity of tasting PTC requires mixture of genes.

  • Low sensitivity of tasting PTC requires dominant genes.

  • High sensitivity of tasting PTC requires dominant genes.

  • High sensitivity of tasting PTC requires recessive genes.

  • Medium sensitivity of tasting PTC requires dominant and recessive genes.

  • Low sensitivity of tasting PTC requires recessive genes.

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 43

1

Parents with Tt and Tt allele leads to :
- 25% chances of Homozygous TT
-50% chances of recessive genes-tt
- 25% chances of heterozygous - Tt

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 43

1

Suppose a boy and his father have a high sensibility to taste PTC. What can we predict about the boy's mother?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • She has a higher sensitivity to taste PTC

  • She must be a heterozygous taster

  • It is not possible to predict any of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 43

1

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, including 2 pairs of sex chromosomes. There are 2 types of sex chromosomes: X & Y.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 43

1

Sex-limited gene is present in both sexes. But in what chromosome is it generally active in one sex.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Sex-linked

  • Autosomal

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 43

1

What does strong resemblance between monozygotic (identical) than dizygotic (non identical) twins suggest:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • genetics contribution

  • environmental contribution

  • They are better than non-identical twins

  • combination of heredity and environmental

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 43

1

What kind of evidence do researchers rely on to determine the contribution of heredity and environment.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Comparing monozygotic and dizygotic twins

  • Comparing children with parents

  • Comparing siblings

  • Comparing distant cousins with subject

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 43

1

When assessing studies on adopted children, what does any tendency for adopted children to resemble their biological parents suggest:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Heredity influence

  • Environmental influence

  • Parental influence

  • Pre-natal influence

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 43

1

Suppose a boy and his father cannot taste PTC. What can we predict about the boy's mother?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • No prediction possible

  • She has high sensitivity to taste PTC

  • She is either a heterozygous PTC taster or a Nontaster

  • She has low sensitivity to taste PTC

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 43

1

What is false?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Sex-linked genes are X-linked

  • Genes come in pairs

  • There are 23 genes

  • None of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 43

1

What is true?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Humans evolved from monkeys

  • Humans are the end product of primate evolution

  • Analogy refers to common ancestry

  • None of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 43

1

What is analogy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Similarities in function that evolved independently

  • Difference in function that evolved independently

  • Similarities that evolved over time.

  • Species descendent from the same origin

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 43

1

Pre-natal influences may seem to show________ effects

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • genetic

  • environmental

  • parental

  • condtional

  • Combination of genetic and environment

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 43

1

What type of methods now make it possible for psychologist to identify specific genes linked to a disorder. For example certain genes tend to be more than averagely found in people with depression.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Biochemical methods

  • Pre-genetical methods

  • Genetical methods

  • Heredity scanning methods

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 43

1

It is a trait that confers higher fitness to individuals than other existing alternatives within the population. It has (or will) spread through the population as a result of natural selection. Which term is here referred to?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Adaptation

  • Evolution

  • Phylogeny

  • None of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 43

1

Natural selection is the process that occurs when individuals differ in their traits and the differences are correlated with differences in reproductive success.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • True

  • False

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 43

1

Why is it difficult to control people's heredity or environment or even estimate heredity influence causing an error when assessing adopted studies?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Difficult to distinguish between heredity and prenatal influences

  • Individuals may hide their true intentions when being examined

  • You cannot control peoples life experiences such as the friends they choose to associate with

  • Parents may have different style of parenting, compared to their biological parents.

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 43

1

If identical twins are raised in different families and behave the same must this indicate a genetic influence?

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 43

1

Evolution is a change over generations in the frequencies of various genes in a population.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 43

1

According to Charles Darwin (1859) natural selection occurs when certain traits are more successful than other traits. Because of that particular trait, causes higher fitness in individuals making them more adaptable. Correctly identify 4 of these traits that contributes to higher fitness

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Finding food

  • Being attractive

  • Escaping enemies

  • Strong

  • Protecting offspring

  • Producing many offsprings

  • Having financial resources

  • Adapted to environment

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 43

1

Mutations of genes occasionally introduce new heritable variations that can harm an individuals chances of:

Select two answers

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Survival

  • Reproduction

  • Attractiveness

  • Financial resources

  • Health

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 43

1

Select four answers that show evidence of existence of evolution.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Fossil record

  • Similarities of related life forms

  • Documented evidence from ancestors

  • Rapid population changes in organisms

  • Geographic distribution

  • Language and communication has evolved e.g. cave drawings

  • Anatomy has evolved with skull size increasing

  • Changes in climate reflect the evolution

  • Philosophical leaders have often described this in their work

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 43

1

Where is sex-linked genes located?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Sex chromosomes

  • autosomal chromosomes

  • Chromosomes

  • in every gene

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 43

1

What are autosomal chromosomes?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • All other gene except sex-linked genes are found there

  • Every gene is found in autosomal chromosome

  • Automatically renewal genes are found there

  • None of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 43

1

We know that the size Y-chromosome is small. With only limited genes to produce ___ proteins of fewer. Whats the magic number?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • 21

  • 32

  • 27

  • 26

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 43

1

According to Arnold (2004), X-chromosome has genes that can produce ____ approximately proteins. Whats the magic number?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • 1,000

  • 1,350

  • 1,500

  • 1,750

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 43

1

Why are Sex-linked chromosomes located on the X chromosomes?

Because...

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • X Chromosomes consists of special genetical make-up

  • Y chromosome is considered weak therefore biologically X chromosome appears to be more compatible

  • X Chromosome has the capacity to make more protein than Y.

  • Y chromosomes very small therefore less likely to carry genetic information

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 43

1

Real-application: X-linked gene is recessive for _______ colour vision deficiency.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • blue-green

  • red-green

  • red-yellow

  • yellow-green

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 43

1

Issue with X-linked gene producing red-green colour vision deficiency affects more men than women. Why?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Because women's genes are able to compensate for the deficiency

  • Because men are not able to compensate for the deficiency, due to a lack of X chromosome

  • Because men are highly affected by it due to their increased chances of inheriting recessive genes

  • Women do experience this too, although are too scared to report it

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 43

1

Functional explanation for the behaviour of language and laughter is simply that it strengthens bond among the society, thus improving their fitness.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 43

1

What functions does the phylogenetic continuity serve? (Select two)

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Testing for the evolutionary roots of human behaviours

  • Testing for the evolutionary roots of organism behaviours

  • Examining gradual changes within traits

  • Examining the similarities and differences among common ancestors

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 43

1

Why are animals used in research?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Learn about human evolution

  • Learn about mechanism of behaviour in animals and humans

  • improve animal welfare and conservation management

  • Learn more about our common ancestors

  • Learn more about similarities and differences between organism

  • Animals can help us understand how to function efficiently in habitat

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 43

1

Why do primates play a special role in psychology?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Phylogenetic closeness

  • Functional closeness

  • Ontogenetic closeness

  • Primates are our ancestors

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 43

1

What three social behaviours of primates are psychologist interested in?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Social groups

  • Benefits and costs of group living

  • Communication

  • Survival

  • Food hunting

  • Gender roles

Explicación

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