The Changing Natural Environment - Geohazards

How are earthquakes distributed around the globe?

What is the tectonic collision zone and why is it special?

Distinguish between the epicentre and the hypocentre

Birelfy outline the Elastic Rebound Theory

Describe a Normal fault

Describe a Reverse Fault

Describe a Strik-Slip Fault

What is meant by the Benioff Zone

What are the different types of waves and why are they different?

Distinguish between the two types of body waves

Distinguish between the two types of surface waves

Why is the s-p interval useful?

Distinguish between earthquake intensity and magnitude

How is the Richter-magnitude scale calculated

How is the moment-magnitude scale calculated?

Distinguish between the Richter Scale and the Moment-magnitude Scale

List the secondary hazards caused by earthquakes

What is meant by the resonant/natural frequency of buildings

What are the benefits of living close to a volcano?

What are factors influencing the degree of hazard?

What are factors influencing the degree of social factors?

Where are the three places volcanoes occur

Distinguish between lava and magma

What does magma consist of?

What factors affect the viscosity of magma?

What are common properties of basaltic magma?

What are common properties of magma at compressional zones

List all the volcanic phenomena

What is meant by Tephra, Lahar and pyroclastic flows

How can one measure volcanic explosivity?

What is risk assessment and how is it carried out?

Define mass-wasting

Define regolith

What are the three types of materials involved in mass-wasting

What are the three types of movement involved in mass-wasting

What is meant by Talus?

Distinguish between slurry flows and granular flows

Distinguish between solifluction, debris flows and mud flows

What is meant by shear strength and shear stress

What are the two factors affecting slope stability?

How is the safety factor calculated?

What is meant by the Angle of Repose?

How does liquefaction occur?

List the major triggers of mass-wasting events

List the minor triggers of mass-wasting events

What can be done to reduce deaths related to mass-wasting events

List the short-term prediction issues of mass-wasting

List mass-wasting engineering mitigation techniques

How do water waves propagate?

How does one calculate the celerity of a shallow-water wave?

What technology has been developed to help tsunami warnings?

What is meant drawback?

Define run-up

Where is wave energy concentrated?