Vaccines can be divided into _____________ and ___________ vaccines.

The earliest host response to vaccination is:

Protection against bioterrorism

Human papillomavirus vaccine

Cytomegalovirus vaccine

DNA-based vaccine

Influenza vaccine

Leukemia vaccine

Polio vaccine

Smallpox vaccine

Members of the Streptococcus pyogenes species are almost always ________-hemolytic.

A characteristic of necrotizing fasciitis is that it:

Streptolysin O is:

Streptolysin S is:

Laboratory diagnosis of S. pyogenes can be made by:

An elevated antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer indicates:

Most patients who have Streptococcus pyogenes infection begin to demonstrate a rise in antibody titer in ______days.

The classic antistreptolysin O (ASO) procedure has been replaced by:

Serologic testing for S. pyogenes should compare acute and convalescent specimens collected ________ apart.

The principle of the optical immunoassay involves:

Syphilis develops in which percentage of the sexual partners of persons with syphilitic lesions?

In infected donor blood, Treponema pallidum does not appear to survive in citrated blood stored at 4° C for more than _____day(s).

Before clinical or serologic manifestations, the incubation period for syphilis usually lasts ______________________.

The term for nontreponemal antibodies produced by syphilis-infected patients against components of their own or other mammalian cells is:

The nontreponemal antibody produced by syphilis-infected patients can also be produced by patients with:

Tertiary syphilis is best evaluated by using:

The substance detected by the RPR assay is:

Untreated congential syphilis can lead to:

A biological false-positive reaction is least likely to occur with which syphilis assay?

If an RPR assay is negative but has a rough appearance, what is an appropriate follow-up step?

What is the causative agent of Lyme disease?

Most cases of Lyme disease in the United States remain concentrated in the ________ regions.

The CLIA-waived procedure for presumptive testing for Lyme disease is which of the following?

White-footed mouse

White-tailed deer

Electrophoresis is defined as

Separation of proteins by electrophoresis is based on:

In immunoelectrophoresis (IEP), when a favorable antigen-antibody ratio (equivalence point) is reached, the antigen-antibody complex becomes visible as:

Differentiation of proteins using immunoelectrophoresis is based on:

The immunoelectrophoresis of a normal serum typically depicts IgM, IgG, and IgA bands, but IgD and IgE bands are missing because of:

A monoclonal gammopathy is:

Monoclonal gammopathies can be observed in:

The most common application of immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) of urine is:

The difference between polyvalent and monovalent antisera is that polyvalent antisera:

The primary application of immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) is for: