Pharmacology Year 2

Interferes with M2 Viral Ion channel protein involved in "Uncoating"

Guanasine analogue which competitively inhibits Viral DNA polymerase inhibitor

COX-1 and COX-2 NSAID

COX-2 Inhibitor

Bacteria Translocation Inhibitor prevents protein synthesis in Grm+ bacteria. Also known as...

Quinolone antibiotic, inhibits topoisomerase II in DNA replication. Effective against Grm(-) bacteria.

Class of Antibiotics. DNA Gyrase inhibitor, prevents DNA helix formation

Cyclohexylamine used to treat Influenza A, parkinson's and post-herpetic neuralgia

Hydrophobic and lipophilic phospholid detergent which disrupts bactereriea cell membrane. Used against sensitive strains of Gr(-) bacteria

Tricyclic glycopeptide which inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. Mainly effective against Gr+ bacteria, C.difficileand MRSA

PABA analogue which inhibits folate synthesis used in combination with Trimethoprim

Folate antagonist active against common bacterial pathogens and some protozoa . Given in combination with sulfonamides against plasmodia

Broad spectrum antibiotic. RNA Polymerase bacteria inhibitor

50s Ribosomal subunit inhibitor. Macrolide used with penicillin intolerance.

Like Penicillins this group of Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. E.g Cefuroxime

COX inhibitor which acts only in the Central Nervous system and is not effective in peripheral tissue

Fluoroquinolone used to treat different types of bacterial infections and also anthrax

Muscarin receptor agonist for pain relief

Broad spectrum antifungal against dermatophytes. Inhibits ergosterol syhtesis

Internal broadspectrum antifungal, commonly used to treat vaginal thrush

Live attenuated vaccine with associated side effect of sensoryneural deafness and rashes (rarely).

Thymidine analogue which inhibits Nucleoside reverse transcriptase to inhibit the reproduction of HIV-1

Naturally occurring, bactericidal antibiotic, mainly active against Gr+ bacteroa. - Less effective that another member of the same group against Gr- bacteria.

Benzene derivative inhibits viral protease resulting in immature viral particles. Used to treat HIV-1 in combination with other antiretroviral agents

Inactivated seasonal vaccine administered through intramuscular injection

An Ionophore which binds to ergosterol, producing pores in fungal cell membranes. Used to treat oral candidiasis, vaginal thrush and diaper rash

DNA alkylating agent, forms bonds guanine bases, preventing DNA helix separation and thus replication. Used to treat a wide range of cancers

DNA alkylating agent used to treat metastatic malignant melanoma or as secondary treatment to Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Topical Glucocorticoid used to treat psoriasis and known to cause adrenocortical depression

Fungal mitosis inhibitor . Orally administered, It binds to keratin in human cells, then once it reaches the fungal site of action, it binds to fungal microtubules thus altering the fungal process of mitosis.

An antimalarial for the treatment of multiple drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. It is active against erythrocytic stages of the plasmodium through release of cytotoxic free radicals.

A Haem polymerase inhibitor which prevents plasmodium from breaking down hemoglobin, leading to starvation or buildup of toxic partially digested Heamoglobin. - Causes thrombocytopenia

Competitive Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor. Blocks bacterial DNA synthesis but in high doses it can also bind to human dihydrofolate reductase and cause megaloblastic anaemia. Trade name: DARAPRIM

The pyrimethamine combination which causes heamolytic anaemia, agranulocytosis and lung inflammation.

The pyrimethamine combination that can cause serious skin reactions, blood dyscrasias and allergic alveolitis.

An antifungal drug often used for IV treatment of serious systemic fungal infections. It is an Ionophore which can be fungicidal or fungistatic depending on the concentration. Overdose can cause cardio-resp arrest

A narrow spectrum Penicillin that was once commonly used to treat staph infections

Vit A analogue binds to retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and enhances shedding of corneocytes from the follicle so that cornedo contents are extruded and the formation of the microcomedo (precursor lesion of acne vulgaris) is reduced.

A protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits the Bcr-Abl protein and ainduces apoptosis in leukemic cells.

Antitumour drug which inhibits mitiosisby interacting with tubulin.

An antineoplastic which inhibits tpoisomerase II, thus inhibiting DNA DNA re-ligation. Affects mainly the _ and _ phases of cell division.

Pyrimidine analogue antimetabolite which inhibits the formation of thymidylate from uracil, leading to inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cell death. One of the most common chemo drugs used

B-cell CD20 antibody which mediates cell lysis via the recruitment of antibodies and complement. Used to treat CD20-positive non-Hodgkins lymphoma

DNA alylating agent which promotees DNA crosslinking and adduct formation, causing DNA fragmentation and cell death.. Used to treat malignant lymphomas, multiple myeloma, retinoblastoma...

Guanine methylating agent used to treat metastatice malignant melanoma or as a secondary-line therapy for Hodgkin's disease.

Anthracycline class of antineoplastic drugs - non cell cycle specific

Acts on beta subunit of tubulin to hyperstabilise the microtubule structure, arresting its function - commonly used for kaposi's sarcoma

Selective eostrogen receptor modulator which decreases oestrogen response

Topoisomerase II inhibitor leading to arrest and apoptosis in S and G2 phases of cell division

Tubulin polymerase inhibitor which causes crystalisation of the microtuble and mitotic arrest

Inhibits Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase

Vitamin A analogue which binds retinoic acid receptors and promotes detachment of cornified cells and enhanced shedding of corneocytes from the follicle - treatment for Acne Vulgaris

ACE inhibitor which competes against Angiotensin I. Decreasing blood pressure- can cause fatal liver problems

Thiazide diuretic which inhibits the Na-Cl cotransporter causing an increase in K+ excretion

Inhibits sodium ion transport in the ascending limp of the loop of Henle, indirectly increasing potasium excretion

Alpha adrenoreceptor antagonist - inhibitys the postynaptic alpha(1)-adrenoceptors on vascular smooth muscle causing peripheral vasodilation

Aldosterone antagonist causes increased excretion of sodium and water while retaining potassium

Loop diuretic which inhibits water reabsorption in the nephron by blocking the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter in the ascending loop of Henle

Anticonvulsant which directly inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the CNS which decreases CO2 tension in the pulmonary alveoli - also used to treat glaucoma

platinum based alkylating agent used to treat a range of cancers

Folate antagonist to treat condtions of overactivity such as rheumatoid arthrits and cancer and induction of medical abortions

GABA receptor agonist which increases synaptic inhibiton to elevate seizure threshold and reduce the spread of seizure activiyt form the focus - lots of sedative-hypnotic effects

grace

Diurectic used to decrease cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure