Lecture 5 and 6- Proteins

What are the monomers that form polypeptides?

How many different amino acids are there?

Draw the general formula of an amino acid

Which is the only amino acid that isn't chiral?

What is an amino acid called if it has a positive and negative charge?

What is the pH if both functional groups are protonated (NH3+ and COOH)?

What is the pH is both functional groups are deprotonated (NH2 and COO-)?

What bond is formed between two cysteine molecules?

Cysteine + Cysteine = ?

What type of reaction occurs in the formation of cystine?

Which amino acid is always the first in a polypeptide chain?

What bonds link amino acids together?

In which direction in a polypeptide sequence read?

What causes peptide bonds to be rigid and planar?

Where is rotation possible in a polypeptide?

Why is the trans- form most common?

When does the cis- form occur?

What are the four levels of protein structure?

What is the primary structure?

What is the secondary structure?

What is the tertiary structure?

What is the quaternary structure?

Why is the primary structure so important?

What can lead to a change in the primary structure?

Feature of the alpha helix

Features of the beta sheet

The difference between parallel and anti parallel beta sheets?

What are loops?

What are motifs?

What are domains?

What bonds are responsible for the tertiary structure?

What are Fibrous Proteins (Scleroproteins)?

The Features of Fibrous Proteins

Features of Collagen

What are alpha-keratins composed of?

What is the structure of Beta Keratins: Fibroin?

What are Globular Proteins?

What are Fibrous Proteins?

Features of Globular Proteins

What interactions are responsible for the quaternary structure of a protein?

What is haemoglobin constructed from?

What mutation results in sickle cell anaemia?

What is Thalassaemia?

What is Porphyria?

What are immunoglobins?

What is the structure of immunoglobins?

What is the role of chaperone proteins?

What can occur when proteins aggregate?

Is the structure or sequence more strongly preserved in evolution?

What are the properties of alpha keratins?

What bonds form between the coiled coils of alpha-keratins?

Where is fibroin found?

How are the beta sheets in fibroin joined together?

Give some examples of globular proteins

What do chaperone proteins prevent?

Do chaperone proteins require ATP?