What is metacognition?
Strategies to plan, monitor and evaluate your own learning. It can be described as a process of thinking to learn
A process of thinking that goes from the effortful to the routine and the automatic. It allows from higher and lower order thinking
Managing motivation allowing learning to be scaffolded, this is external to internal regulation
What is self-regulation?
This is external to internal regulation and involves the scaffolding of learning, the aim is for this to be automatic and therefore it needs motivation and perseverance
Allowing teaching strategies to succeed and makes the process of learning explicit as it promotes discussion about mathematics.
Why is metacognition important?
It allows for the application of mathematical skills, knowledge and understanding.
It allows teaching strategies to succeed and makes the process of learning explicit as it promotes discussion about mathematics.
Learners can take ownership of these strategies and figure when to chose and use different strategies for different problems.
Can identify patterns of mistakes, misconceptions or misunderstandings.
What does Brown 1980 argue?
That learnerscan take ownership of these strategies and figure when to chose and use different strategies for different problems.
That metacognitive skills are the voluntary control people have over their own cognitive processes. This includes prediction, planning, monitoring and evaluation.
What are strategies to plan within metacognition?
Key steps and clear goals to allow for visualisation - make sure the objective is understood and that children can explain it. You can also use talk partners to identify key steps for problem solving allowing for visualisation and brainstorming.
Progress check - children can be set reminders of the progress they should be making on the problem
Using notes and diagrams - flow charts, maps, tree diagrams
Comprehension monitoring - self or peer questioning
What are strategies to monitor within metacognition?
Keeping on track - children can identify the tricky bits and identify how to deal with these. Keep on track mats can also be used.
What worked and what didn't - strategies to improve when working on a simular problem next time.
What are strategies to review within metacognition?
Check criteria against outcomes - use effective time to talk
How does metacognition help problem solving?
It allows teaching strategies to succeed
Children can hear default mathematical language
It assess children’s fluency
Allows for informal assessment
Allows for formal assessment
What are some difficulties that children face during problem solving?
Reading the question
Understanding the context
Knowing the calculations
Understanding the language
Showing the method and recording
Putting the answer into context
Understanding the methods
What are the challenged associated with metacognition?
Task difficulty
Incorporating problem solving
What to focus on
Planning
Getting the level of support right
Having enough time