Outer fibrous layer

Inner serous layer

What is another term for visceral?

What is edelmans normal amount of fluid around the heart?

Continues superiority attaching at the level of the great vessels.

Pericardium extends around the heart, encompassing the ventricles

Where does the oblique sinus terminate?

What are some effects of pericardial disease?

What May fluid accumulation result in?

Inflammation of the pericardium which may cause the visceral layer to secrete abnormal amount of fluid/ or abnormal type

What are two types of pericardial effusion?

Where are most effusions located?

What kind of disorder can an effusion be?

What are some causes of a pericardial effusion?

What is another term for problems that occur after an MI?

What auto immune disease and connective tissue disease causes pericardial effusion?

What do symptoms for pericardial effusion depend on?

Inflammation of pericardium causes the walls to rub against each other with audible friction

When is friction rub sound heard?

Drop in systolic BP more than 10mmhg with inspiration indicating tamponade

What are some signs and symptoms of pericardial effusion?

Distant heart sounds

Where are pericardial fat pads located?

Where is pericardial effusion generally located?

What are some things that cause a false positive for pericardial effusion?

Hernia near the diaphram.

How do you tell the difference between pericardial and pleural effusion?

Can pleural and pericardial effusion coexist?

How does effusion look in 2D?

What does a swinging heart suggest?

What do fibrin strands indicate in a pericardial effusion?

With a pericardial effusion, what can you see on m-mode?

What is a benefit of m-mode when looking for pericardial effusion?

What does paradoxical septal motion look like?

Why do you do Doppler for a pericardial effusion?

What is the result of a rapid accumulating pericardial effusion?

Moderate to large in size, and creates a increase in Intra-pericardial pressure

Clear space is detected in systole and diastole posteriorly. (Less than 1cm in width)

Clear space detectable in both systole and diastole and anterior and posterior positions.

A pericardial effusion that is less than 1 cm in width at its greatest width is ________?

A clear space is detectable in systole and diastole, surrounds the entire heart, and is greater than 1 cm in width

What is most tamponade classified as?

If pericardial effusion is located in the region of the right heart, a _________may result.

What are some causes of tamponade?

Is tamponade a clinical diagnosis?

Why do we use echo if tamponade is suspected?

What is becks triad?

What are some clinical signs of tamponade?

Enlarged liver due to increased venous pressure

What will you find in the right heart during tamponade?

Due to the right heart collapse, decreased blood flow to the LV causes?

What is the equation for cardiac output?

What are the 2D findings of tamponade?

What is a definite indicator of tamponade?

What do you evaluate in Doppler when a pt has tamponade?

Do you need to change any settings in Doppler when seeing tamponade?

What does slowing the sweep speed do?

In tamponade, tricuspid inflow will ______ with inspiration

In tamponade, mitral inflow will _______ with inspiration.

Normally there are respiratory variation in the early diastolic filling of RV and LV, but with tamponade you will find?

What are some complications of effusion/ tamponade?

What are some treatments for pericardial effusion/ tamponade?

Aspiration of the fluid via a catheter inserted over a needle directed inside the pericardium

Involves open pericardial drainage via a window made by a surgeon.

Involves removal of the pericardium (rare)