Pericardial Disease

Inflammatory or infectious process of the parietal and visceral layers of the pericardium

What are the two types of pericarditis based on the onset, frequency, and symptoms?

This onset occurs within 2 weeks of the offending condition, lasts up to 6, and painful due to dry friction rubbing

Can a acute pericarditis lead to a pericardial effusion and if so why?

What causes acute pericarditis?

What are the symptoms of acute pericarditis?

Purulent (pus filled) effusions results from bacterial infection and can lead to ________?

Are 2D echoes reliable for documenting pericarditis?

What are some complications of acute pericarditis?

How do you determine pericarditis from pericardial effusion?

A thickened, fibrotic, and adherent pericardium restricting diastolic filling of the heart.

What happens to the pericardium during constrictive pericarditis?

How does most constrictive pericarditis start?

What is constrictive pericarditis similar to?

What are some causes of constrictive pericarditis?

What is the most common cause of constrictive pericarditis in the US?

What is the most common cause of constrictive pericarditis in other countries?

What are the signs and symptoms of constrictive pericarditis?

What is the hallmark finding for constrictive pericarditis?

Rapid early diastolic filling followed by a prominent halt in flow.

Equalization of diastolic pressures in 4 chambers

Is the LV size normal with constrictive pericarditis?

Is a thickened pericardium hard to asses with echo?

What will you find in 2D with constrictive pericarditis?

What do you see in m-mode with constrictive pericarditis?

What will you most likely see in color flow with constrictive pericarditis?

What occurs after inspiration with constrictive pericarditis?

What do you look for in Doppler with constrictive pericarditis?

What are some complications of constrictive pericarditis?

What are some treatments for constrictive pericarditis?

Pericardial stripping

Typically surrounds the ventricles, impedes diastolic filing, results in bi-atrial enlargement

Typically surrounds entire heart, impedes diastolic filing, pressures within chambers equalize

Why would a pt have no pericardium?

What are some things that occur when there is no pericardium?

Rare developmental anomalies that usually produce no symptoms and typically are located pertinent to the ribs & diaphram

How do you diagnose a pericardial cyst accurately?

What are some benign tumor involvements?

What are two types of tumors?

Generally what type of tumor occurs more often?

What is the 2D appearance of metastases?

What are metastatic involvements generally associated with?