Gen Vet Med Midterm 1

Pregunta 1 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a level of refinement for a problem?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Clinical signs
Pathophysiology
Lab data
Tentative diagnosis

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 55

1

A problem may be refined with accumulation of facts, temporarily inactivated, resolved, but never removed.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a problem oriented medical record?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Approaches each problem separately
Excellent for group practice communication
Eliminates oversight
Excellent for teaching logical and thorough diagnostic approach

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 55

1

What does bifurcation allow us to do?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Evaluate broad categories of rule outs
Potentially use less invasive diagnostic tools
Potentially use less expensive diagnotics
All of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 55

1

Check all that are included in the minimum data base.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Signalment
System
Degree of evaluation
Final diagnosis
Physical exam findings

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 55

1

The master problem list may contain vaccine information, HW test, Felv status, or drugs dispensed.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 55

1

The last page of the master list acts as an index.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 55

1

A problem is anything that will interfere with the animal's well being and will require further evaluation and treatment.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 55

1

SOAP is the method utilized for progress notes.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 55

1

Which describes the subjective section of a SOAP.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Historical, overall assessment (ex. BAR), observations that are not easily quantified (stronger, better appetite, etc)
Daily PE findings, quantitated data (lab results, rad findings, ECG, neuro exam)
Interpretation and explanation of problem at this time period, current differential diagnosis, evaluation of treatment, how this case differs from typical case, shows student's understanding of case
What tests will be performed in the next 24 hrs, list therapeutic objectives and goals, what treatments will be administered in the next 24 hrs (include dose, frequency, route of administration), client education

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 55

1

Which of the following describes the assessment section of a SOAP?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Historical, overall assessment (BAR), observations not easily quantitated (stronger, better appetite, etc)
Daily PE findings, quantitated data (lab results, rad findings, ECG, neuro exam)
Interpretation and explanation of problem at this time period, current differential diagnosis, evaluation of treatment, how this case differs from typical case, shows student's understanding of case
What tests will be performed in the next 24 hrs, list therapeutic objectives and goals, what treatment will be administered in the next 24 hrs (include dose, frequency, route of administration), client education

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 55

1

Which of the following are to be included in recording client education.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Time of communication
Person talked with
Summarize conversation
All of the above
None of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 55

1

Which of the following is FALSE?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Shock occurs when oxygen delivery does not equal oxygen consumption
Hypovolemic shock can be due to GDV, caval syndrome, cardiac tamponade
Distributive shock can occur due to vasodilation effectively removing blood from circulation, sepsis, or anaphlaxis
Cardiac shock can result from decreased cardiac output

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 55

1

Blood pressure can change when there are changes to systemic vascular resistance and/or cardiac output.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a compensatory response to hypotension?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Sympathetic activtion
RAAS
ADH
Vasodilation

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 55

1

Many of the clinical signs of hypovolemic shock are due to compensatory mechanisms.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 55

1

Which set of clinical signs is associated with compensated shock?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Normal mentation, increased heart rate, normal to decrease temperature, normal to tacky pale mucous membranes, normal to around 2 second CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses) blood pressure, normal to increased (1-4) lactate
Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate increased in dogs, decreased in cats; decreased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; low blood pressure; lactate> 3
Normal mentation, decreased heart rate, normal to increased temperature, normal to tacky pale mucous membranes, normal CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses) blood pressure, normal to increased (1-4) lactate
Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate decreased in dogs, increased in cats; increased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; elevated blood pressure; lactate> 3

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 55

1

Which set of clinical signs is associated with early decompensation?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate increased in dogs, decreased in cats; decreased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; low blood pressure; lactate> 3
Normal mentation, increased heart rate, normal to decreased temperature, normal to tacky, pale mucous membranes, normal to around 2 seconds CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses), normal to increased (1-4) lactate
Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate decreased in dogs, increased in cats; increased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; low blood pressure; lactate> 3
Normal mentation, decreased heart rate, normal to decreased temperature, normal to tacky, pale mucous membranes, normal to around 2 seconds CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses), decreased lactate

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 55

1

What is the shock dose for dogs when using crystalloid IV fluids?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

90 ml/kg
80 ml/kg
70 ml/kg
60 ml/kg

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 55

1

You should give most of the shock dose as quickly as you can.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT true about hypertonic saline?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

It is 7% saline (NaCl)
When given IV it results in rapid movement of interstitial and intracellular fluid into intravascular space
It has a short lived effect
It is given in small volume over 20-30 minutes

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 55

1

Which of the following is/are reasons to use colloids during shock? Check all that you think apply.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Hyperproteinemia
Hypoproteinemia
Lack of response to initial crystalloid administration
To improve hydration after initial crystalloid administration
None of these

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 55

1

Vasopressors and positive inotropes are used due to poor response to volume replacement and for hypovolemic shock.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 55

1

Giving oxygen in shock provides oxygen to tissues but it may not change oxygen transport.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 55

1

Hypothermia improves vascular response to fluids which is why it is important to use passive warming. Coming out of hypothermia too rapidly will impair the vascular response.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 55

1

What % of body weight is blood volume?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

6
7
8

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT an indication for fluid therapy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Rehydration
Expansion of intravascular volume
Decrease plasma oncotic pressure
Correct electrolyte imbalances

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 55

1

Which of the following clinical signs is associated with 6-8% dehydration?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Undetectable
Delayed skin tent
Dry mucous membranes
Sunken eyes
Weak pulses

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of oral fluid therapy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Most physiologic route
No risk of overhydration
Reduce electrolyte loss is dehydration
Rapid absorption

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 55

1

Subcutaneaous fluids are ok for mild dehydration but there is moderate risk of overhydration.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 55

1

Hypertonic solutions should only be administered in a central catheter when given IV.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 55

1

You should not give maintenance solutions unless a patient is hydrated.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 55

1

Hpertonic saline causes a rapid increase in intracellular volume.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 55

1

Which of the following are other treatments for shock, once the animal has been stabilized? Check all that apply.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

GI protectants to treat/prevent GI ulcers
GI protectants that are H2-blockers
Antibiotics for septic shock
Antibiotics for patients with GI hemorrhage
Antibiotics for compensatory shock
Analgesia, but not opiods
Sodium bicarbonate to treat severe acidosis if present after volume replacement

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 55

1

Sepsis is a subset of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 55

1

Which of the following distinguishes severe sepsis from septic shock?

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Severe sepsis has hypotension that responds to fluid therapy and supportive care. It also requires vasopressors.
Severe sepsis has hypotension that responds to fluid therapy and supportive care. It does not require vasopressors.
Septic shock has hypotension, responds to fluid therapy,and requires vasopressors.
Septic shock has hypotension, is unresponsive to fluid therapy, and requires vasopressors.

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 55

1

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Hypovolemic shock- SIRS infection and hypotension
Septic shock- vasodilation + vasoconstriction + thrombosis
Cardiogenic shock- decreased myocardial function
Distributive shock- excessive capillary permeability and fluid loss

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 55

1

Check all that are early clinical signs of sepsis.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Depression
Fever
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Pale mucous membranes
Rapid CRT
Weak pulses

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 55

1

Urine should be cultured in suspected cases of sepsis. Bacteriuria can occur in sepsis without clinical signs of UTI.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 55

1

Which of the following would NOT be expected from laboratory tests in a case of sepsis? (sepsis is the only problem)

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Post renal azotemia
Hypoglycemia
Hyperbilirubinemia
Elevated liver enzymes

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT or would not be part of a treatment plan for sepsis?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Narrow spectrum antibiotics
Nutritional support
Treat for shock if present
Treat complications such as DIC, organ failure, hypoglycemia
These are all used for treatment of sepsis

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 55

1

Which of the following defines hyperthermia?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Elevation in core body temperature due to a changed thermoregulatory set point in the hypothlamus
Elevation in body temperature above normal range that occurs without a change in the hypothalamic set point

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 55

1

Heat gain occurs by 2 broad mechanisms. Which of the following does NOT result in decreased loss?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Catecholamines
Vasoconstriction
Piloerection
Seek warm environment

Explicación

Pregunta 44 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a method of heat loss?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Vsodilation
Panting
Postural change
Seek cold environment
All of the above are methods of heat loss

Explicación

Pregunta 45 de 55

1

Which of the following are possible causes for fever? Check all that apply.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Infection
Immune-mediated
Neoplastia
Inflammation
Drugs
Toxins

Explicación

Pregunta 46 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic tool for stage 2 diagnosis of FUO? (fever of unknown origin)

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Protein electrophoresis
Bone marrow aspirate
Dental rads
FNA of masses, lymph nodes

Explicación

Pregunta 47 de 55

1

When doing a therapeutic antibiotic trial for FUO, how long, minimum, should the full dose be given?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

5 days
1 weeks
10 days
2 weeks

Explicación

Pregunta 48 de 55

1

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a therapeutic corticosteroid trial for FUO?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

If truly immune-mediated, pyrexia and clinical signs are usually resolved in 48-72 hrs
Many conditions will respond to steroids initially
Complicates diagnosis of neoplasia
You must rule out infection as the cause first

Explicación

Pregunta 49 de 55

1

NSAIDs act centrally on the hypothalamus and reduce prostaglandin production via inhibition of cycloxygenase which results in peripheral vasoconstriction.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 50 de 55

1

Which of the following does NOT result from excessive core body temperature associated with heat stroke/hyperthermia?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Intracellular alterations
Protein denaturation
Enzyme activation
Cell membrane instability

Explicación

Pregunta 51 de 55

1

Heat stroke can damage the thermoregulatory center. This leads to a predisposition to subsequent hyperthermic episodes.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 52 de 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a renal effect from heat stroke?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Indirect thermal injury to renal tubular epithelium
Hypoxia due to hypovolemia
Microthrombi associated with DIC
Myoglobin from rhabdomyolysis is nephrotoxic and may exacerbate renal tubular dz

	Creado por karahm hace casi 11 años

Covers POVMR through Fever and hyperthermia. There may be a few fluid therapy questions thrown in there (more on part 2)

Gen Vet Med Midterm 1

Pregunta 1 de 55

Which of the following is NOT a level of refinement for a problem?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 55

A problem may be refined with accumulation of facts, temporarily inactivated, resolved, but never removed.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 55

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a problem oriented medical record?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 55

What does bifurcation allow us to do?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 55

Check all that are included in the minimum data base.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 55

The master problem list may contain vaccine information, HW test, Felv status, or drugs dispensed.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 55

The last page of the master list acts as an index.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 55

A problem is anything that will interfere with the animal's well being and will require further evaluation and treatment.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 55

SOAP is the method utilized for progress notes.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 55

Which describes the subjective section of a SOAP.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 55

Which of the following describes the assessment section of a SOAP?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 55

Which of the following are to be included in recording client education.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 55

Which of the following is FALSE?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 55

Blood pressure can change when there are changes to systemic vascular resistance and/or cardiac output.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 55

Which of the following is NOT a compensatory response to hypotension?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 55

Many of the clinical signs of hypovolemic shock are due to compensatory mechanisms.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 55

Which set of clinical signs is associated with compensated shock?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 55

Which set of clinical signs is associated with early decompensation?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 55

What is the shock dose for dogs when using crystalloid IV fluids?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 55

You should give most of the shock dose as quickly as you can.