Operations on the directory stack manipulate the top item in the stack only
graphical.target is equivalent to the old runlevel 3
Which of the following items can appear in the user_list element on a configuration line in the /etc/sudoers file?
All
User_Alias names
Group_Alias names
Host Names
Group names preceded by a '^'
user names
group names preceded by a '%'
The Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) is a facility that supports using multiple authentication methods while providing a common interface to common applications or services seeking to authenticate a user.
Before executing any command, the bash shell pre-processes the command line to make sure it is syntactically correct and all necessary expansions have been done.
In what directory are most system configuration files stored?
/local
/usr
/var
/etc
The /etc/sudoers configuration file should only be edited using the visudo or sudo -e commands to avoid syntax errors in the file.
The /tmp directory is a working directory for temporary files that is accessible to any user on a Linux system.
Which of the following is NOT part of a system administrator's duties?
Backup the system on a regular basis
Enter customer orders into the sales database system
Secure the system against deliberate and accidental breaches
Keep the system running well enough to support business/user needs
Which of the following is NOT a valid variable name in a shell script?
day1_
1_day
_day1
day_1
The chsh command temporarily changes the current user's shell
Where is PAM configuration stored on a Fedora or RedHat system?
/etc/PAM.conf
/etc/pam.conf
/etc/pam.d file
/etc/pam.d/ directory
In the following line of output from the ls -l command, what does the b at the beginning of the line mean? brw-rw----, 1 root disk 8, 1 Dec 31 17:02 sda1
sda1 is a directory
sda1 is an ordinary file
sda1 is a character device\
sda1 is a block device
Assuming that the following alias command is included in a user's ~/.barshc file, alias t="tar -v" and the user types the following at the shell prompt, t -zcf /tmp/test.tar test.txt What would the actual command executed be?
t -zcf /tmp/test/tar test.txt
tar -zcf /tmp/test/tar test.txt
tar -v -zcf /tmp/test/tar test.txt
○ t -v /tmp/test/tar test.txt
In which of the following startup files or directories should user-specific configuration settings be put?
~/.bashrc
/etc/profile.d/
~.bash_profile
/etc/profile
/etc/bashrc
What is the command to start X windows when a Linux system is running at the multi-user.target level?
Xorg
X11
gdm
Startx
When using the Logical Volume Manager facility, all disk space can be placed under the control of that facility.
What is the default target on Fedora Linux systems?
graphical.target
multi-user.target
basic.target
getty.target
What is the purpose of the HISTSIZE environment variable?
Sets the number of commands stored in the history memory cache and the history file
Sets the number of commands stored in the history file
Sets the history file name
Sets the number of commands stored in the history memory cache
One of the reasons that the systemd deamon replaced the old System V init daemon in order to support newer hardware technologies.
When typing a command at the shell prompt it is possible to type part of a command name and then use the TAB key to complete the command, if the part of the command entered is unique.
The ext3, ext4 and xfs file systems all support journaling but are not commonly used.
Which of the following commands, when used with the appropriate options, displays a list the process ID numbers for all processes running a certain command
jobs
ps
pidof
The $0 parameter of a shell script always contains the name of the script.
Which of the following methods of gaining root privilege is the least advisable?
setuid
sudo
su
Log in as root
Which of the following shells is currently used to prevent a non-privileged user from logging in interactively?
/bin/nologon
/bin/bash
/bin/false
/bin/tsh
fschk can check and repair a mounted file system.
Which of the following commands displays recent system messages?
logger
mesg
dmesg
logprint
The ~/.inputrc file is used to configure which of the following history manipulation methods?
history
readline history
!
fc
A package manager is a software tool designed to assist system administrators with the management of software on a Linux system.
The ldd command is used to funnily configure a chroot environment.
What is the output of the command: df -h
A list of the mounted file systems with all size information shown in human readable form
A list of the mounted file systems with all size information shown in blocks
The fragmentation state of each disk on the system
Gaining root privilege on a system with multiple administrators is a bad method because it involves sharing the password between several people.
When multiple interactive bash shells are opened by a user, the history for all of the shells will be saved to disk as each is closed.
Administrative (root) privilege on a Linux system should be granted to anyone who asks for it.
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using sudo?
Customized privilege settings can be created on a group-by-group basis
Customized privilege settings can be created on a user-by-user basis
No one needs to know the root password
The root password is shared amongst system administrators
Which of the following commands lists the contents of a package?
rpm -q <package>
rpm -qa <package>
rpm -ql <package>
rpm -qf <package>
Which of the following commands will report weather the sshd daemon is set to automatically start at some target level?
systemctl is-enabled sshd
systemctl is-active sshd
systemctl isactive sshd
systemctl isenabled sshd
What does the 2>&1 mean in the following command? find * >/tmp/find_out.txt 2>&1
Standard error is sent to the user's terminal screen
Standard output is sent to the same file or device as standard error
Standard error is sent to the same file or device as standard output
Standard error is sent to the bit bucket
What is the output of the following command? du -s
A single line of output giving the size and contents of the current directory and all its subdirectories in blocks
A single line of output giving the size of contents of the current directory and all its subdirectories in human readable form
A summary of the sizes of all files and directories in the current directory in blocks
A summary of the sizes of all files and directories in the current directory in human readable form
Which process in the following jobs command output will be affected by issuing the fg command without parameters? user@f1 ~]$ jobs [1] Running sleep 300 & [2]- Running sleep 400 & [3]+ Running sleep 500 &
1
3
All Processes
2
The growfs command can be used to increase the size of a filesystem.
TCPWrappers is a daemon based security facility that limits access to the daemon based on IP address.
What program is running in the process associated with a physical or virtual terminal prior to a user logging on?
tsh
login
bash
getty
The nnswitch facility provides a means to define diverse sources of information (e.g. hostnames, user information) for use by a Linux system. It can decide where to find information and what order to search the various sources.
Security Enhanced Linux implements a discretionary access control tool.
The default installation of SELinux uses which of the following mode and policy configurations?
PERMISSIVE and Multilevel Security
ENFORCING and Multilevel Security
PERMISSIVE and Targeted
ENFORCING and Targeted
Functions are a technique that can be used to add custom operations to a Linux system on a global or user-by-user basis. All custom operations should be added using functions no matter what the complexity or size of the new operations.
Which of the following commands sets the X windows pointing device (mouse) for right-handed use?
xmodmap -e 'pointer = 3 2 1 4 5'
xmodmap -e 'pointer = 3 1 2 4 5'
xmodmap -e 'pointer = 1 2 3 4 5'
xmodmap -e 'pointer = 1 3 2 4 5'
What is the default desktop environment used by Fedora and RedHat systems?
GNOME
KDE
Given the initial directory stack containing the following entries: ~/testdir/dir2/dir2-1 ~/testdir/dir1/dir1-1 ~/testdir/ ~ what would the stack contain if the pushd command was issued with no parameters?
~/testdir/ ~ ~/testdir/dir2/dir2-1 ~/testdir/dir1/dir1-1
~/testdir/dir1/dir1-1 ~/testdir/dir2/dir2-1 ~/testdir/ ~
~/testdir/dir2/dir2-1 ~/testdir/dir1/dir1-1 ~/testdir/ ~
~/testdir/ ~/testdir/dir2/dir2-1 ~/testdir/dir1/dir1-1 ~
Which of the following commands clears the screen on a Linux terminal?
cls
clear
blank
Some organizations lock the root account. Others use a very long complex root password that is not known to the system administrators. Both of these approaches are valid when sudo is used for system administration.
What does the parameter $@ contain?
This parameter contains all of the parameters of the current shell script including the name of the script
This parameter contains all of the parameters of the current shell script except the name of the script
The last parameter of the current script
The first parameter of the current script
Which of the following commands includes a processes' PID in their output?
jobs -l
ls
When an external command is invoked from a bash shell it always runs as a separate process from the shell's process.
The source builtin command is used to load/reload startup files.
If the su command is issued without specifying a user, which user is assumed?
root
The user issuing the command
A random user account
Which of the following are characteristics of the xfs file system?
Very large file system sizes
Journaling
Live file system expansion and defragmentation
Poor backup functionality when compared to ext4
What is the result of issuing the following bash builtin command? history 20
Lists the 20 most recently used commands
Lists 20 randomly chosen commands from history
Lists the 20 least recently used commands
What is the effect of placing the line ALL: ALL into the /etc/hosts.deny files while leaving /etc/hosts.allow empty?
Allow connections to all daemons from any IP address
Disallow connections to all daemons from any IP address except 127.0.0.1
Disallow connections to all daemons from any IP address
What is the purpose of the dirs command?
Display the contents of the directory stack
Swap entries in the directory stack
Remove entries from the directory stack
Add entries to the directory stack
What does the following command do? yum group install Robotics
Install all packages whose names contain with Robotics
Install all packages whose names begin with Robotics
Install all packages whose names end with Robotics
Installs of the packages contained within the group named Robotics
What is the change command used for?
Change the expiry date on a user's account
calculate a user's age based on the information in that user's account
Change the date of birth information stored in a user's account
change password ageing parameters associated with a user's account
The CUPS printer server offers which of the following facilities?
Printer hardware configuration
Printer class (group) management
printer queue configuration and management
Print job queueing and management
Which of the following commands lists all of the devices (printers) configured on the local system?
lpinfo -v
lpinfo -m
User and group ID numbers must be unique on Linux systems.
Which of the job scheduling facilities available on a Linux system execute jobs repeatedly at the specified time, provided that the system is available at the specified time?
at
cron
anacron
CUPS supports printing to: locally connected printers, networked printers, and printers shared by other computers.
How can CUPS be configured?
system-config-printers GUI program
Web interface
Command line programs
All of the above
Which of the following is the language that almost every printer will accept?
PCL
PS
Plain Text
Where is local user account information stored on a Linux system?
/etc/passwd and /etc/shadow
/etc/group and /etc/shadow
/etc/passwd and /etc/group
Which of the following is not one of the things that should be available when building and installing a new kernel?
Remove all previous kernels from the system
Backup the filesystem
Have the OS installation media available
Do not remove the last known working kernel from the system
It is possible to lock a user account. This is achieved by which of the following?
Changing the password to a single %
Changing the password to a single !
Placing a % at the beginning of the password
Placing a ! at the beginning of the password
Print servers can be built into a printer or run as a daemon on a computr system.
You have just downloaded some software in a file named mailer.tar.gz. Which of the following commands would you use to install the software into the current directory assuming that mailer.tar.gz is also in the current directory?
tar -zxf mailer.tar.gz
gunzip mailer.tar.gz
unzip mailer.tar.gz
uncompress mailer.tar.gz
CUPS provides which of the following print job operations?
Accepts and queues print jobs
Dispatches queued print jobs to active printers
Notifies the requesting user when a print job is complete
Cancels print jobs at the user's request
What is the purpose of the command: yum check
Check for available package updates
Check the status of the local yum database
Check the status of the local RPM database
Which of the following commands will display a list of all available packages with 'httpd' anywhere in their names?
yum list avilable | grep httpd
yum list "httpd"
yum list httpd*
yum list *httpd
Given the following line from a user cron settings * * * * * /usr/bin/uptime how often will the uptime command be run?
once a minute
once a year
once a day
once an hour
once a month
Which of the following is not a reason to change the characteristics of a Linux kernel?
Install a web server daemon
Create a specialized kernel for an embedded system
Use a non-default kernel configuration
Install a new hardware driver
Which of the following command pairs will allow users to submit print jobs to queue prt1 without the jobs being immediately printed?
cupsreject prt1 cupsdisable prt1
cupsreject prt1 cupsenable prt1
cupsaccept prt1 cupsdisable prt1
cupsaccept prt1 cupsenable prt1
System-wide password rules can be set using which of the following commands?
system-config-users
system-config-authentication
system-config-auth
system-config-security
The rpmdev-setuptree command creates a directory structure for building packages from the course in the home directory of the user that executed the command.
When an rpm file is downloaded from a website rather than from a repository, which utility or utilities can be used to install it?
both rpm and yum
yum
Neither rpm nor yum
rpm
The kernel option names used in the /etc/sysctl.conf file and with the sysctl command are the same.
The option in the kernel.spec file %define buildid .test1 causes the new kernel and all its associated package and configuration files to contain the string '.test1' to identify it as a custom kernel. Each time a kernel is built this option must be modified to uniquely identify the build.
The web interface for CUPS may have different printer definitions listed than the GUI program.
You have downloaded the source code for a program that is not part of your Linux distribution. In what order would you execute the following commands to set it up on your system? (1-4 selection)
./configure (1)
Make (2)
make test (3)
make install (4)
On a Fedora Linux system, which of the following repositories are enabled by default?
fedora
fedora-source
updates
updates-source
Which of the following commands is the best one for downloading kernel source code from a repository?
yum install kernel.source
yumdownloader kernel.source
yum install source.kernel
yumdownloader --source kernel
The sysstat package contains a number of system statistic gathering and reporting tools. Which of the following are some tools in this package?
nfsstat
sar
iostat
netstat
Which of the following files, related to GRUB configurations, should never be edited directly?
/etc/grub.d/*
/boot/grub2/grub.cfg
/etc/default/grub
Which of the following packages are recommended prerequisites for building a new kernel?
gcc
rpmdevtools
yum-utils
python
ncurses-devel
libglade2-devel
The only way to modify kernel characteristics is to build a new, custom kernel.
The command yum install ntp bind will download and install which of the following items?
the bind package
all of the dependencies of the ntp package that are not already installed
all of the dependencies of the bind package that are not already installed
all updates that have not been installed for any package on the system
the ntp package
What is the purpose of the command yum-builddep kernel-3.14.27-100.fc19.src.rpm
Install all of the packages upon which the specified source package depends when the source within the package is built
Download, install and build all of the source code related to the specified package
Installs all of the build tools needed to build and install the sources within the specified package
The batch command forces scheduled jobs to run at the specified time no matter what the system load.
Package repositories are online storage sites for distribution packages, distribution update packages, but are never used for 3rd party packages.
Which of the following commands deletes the definition of printer prt1?
lpadmin -p prt1 -x
lpstat -x prt1
lpadmin -p prt1 -d
lpstat -d prt1
CUPS page count quotas work only with PostScript print files
Given the commanduseradd -s /bin/bash/bash -d /home/joan -G wheel -g staff -c "Joan Smith" joan what will Joan's primary group be?
staff
Not specified in the command
wheel
CUPS can accept print jobs from: local users and processes, and remote system.
What does the following command produce as output: yum list *kern*
A list of all available package with the string 'kern' anywhere in its name
A list of all installed package with the string 'kern' anywhere in its name
A list of all known package without the string 'kern' anywhere in its name
A list of all known package with the string 'kern' anywhere in its name
Where are user cron job definitions stored?
/var/spool/cron/*
/var/cron/*
/ext/crontab
/etc/cron.*
By default, CUPS accepts print jobs from both local users and processes, and remote system.
Which of the following commands will display the current value of the vm.drop_caches kernel parameter?
sysctl
sysctl -w vm.drop_caches=1
sysctl -a
sysctl vm.drop_caches
Which of the following commands can be used to create a new kernel configuration from scratch?
make config
make menuconfig
make gconfig
make oldconfig
The command sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf can be used to change the running kernel configuration without a reboot after editing the /etc/sysctl.conf file.
When the /etc/cups/cupsd.conf file contains the following configuration section, only network print requests from 127.0.0.1 (localhost) will be accepted. <Location /> Order Allow Deny Allow @LOCAL </location>
A good approach to backing up a Linux system is to perform periodic full backups with incremental backups in between them.
For CUPS to be able to accept print jobs form remote systems using the IPP protocol, the local system's firewall must allow incoming traffic on which of the following ports?
389 udp and tcp
53 tcp and udp
631 tcp and udp
81 tcp and udp
Which of the following commands can be used to backup a Linux system?
cpio
dump
rsync
tar
What does the $(arch) of the following command do? rpmbuild -bp --target $(arch) kernel.spec
Retrieves the value of the arch environment variable and substitutes it into the command
Runs the arch command and substitutes the result in the command
Which of the following is not a function of host-based print servers?
Manage print queues
Assign an IP address to a network printer
Monitor print and queue status
Create a print queue and associate it with a printer
Which of the following commands can be used to create groups on a Linux system?
useradd
groupmod
groupadd
Every user on a Linux system has a user ID number. Which of the following describes the way user ID numbers are assigned on modern Fedora/RHEL systems?
0 - 999 system users 1000 - 65535 regular users
0 - 499 system users 500 - 32767 system users
0 - 499 system users 500 - 65535 regular users
0 - 999 system users 1000 - 35767 regular users
The yum and rpm utilities can be used to install, update and remove software packages that are distributed as source code within tar archive files without any intermediate steps
Which of the following are methods for permanently changing the configuration of a Linux kernel?
editing the file /etc/sysctl.conf and rebooting the system
editing the files in, or adding new files to /etc/sysctl.d and rebooting the system
setting options using the sysctl command
building and installing a new kernel and then rebooting the system
Which of the following is not a protocol that CUPS supports for communicating with printers?
IPP
SMTP
SMB
LPD/LPR
The yum utility should be used to install, update and remove software on a Linux system whenever possible.
Which of the following is not one of the factors that is used to determine if a kernel component is compiled into the kernel or made available as a loadable kernel module?
Size
Frequency of use
Time to load
Execution complexity
