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(Finished ) social saved Test sobre Perspectives on Prejudice, creado por murat sertay el 15/08/2016.

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Perspectives on Prejudice

Pregunta 1 de 54

1

Stereotypes are:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Underlying cognitive structures or schemas that shape our judgments of other people or groups

  • Overt cognitive influences or schemas that circulate around society that underestimate the processes of others

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 54

1

Stereotypes ar judgements that are used to:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Make quicker decisions

  • Make slower, more methodical decisions

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 54

1

Can stereotypes be used to imply judgement?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 54

1

Katz and Brady (1933) measured the ethnic stereotypes held by a group of college undergraduates. It was replicated later by other researchers (Gilbert, 1951; Karlins, Coffman & Walters, 1969). What were they called?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Princeton Trilogy Studies

  • Penn State Trilogy Studies

  • Connecticut Symposium

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 54

1

Was the Katz and Brady (1933) longitudinal?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 54

1

The stereotypes used by the college undergraduates in the Katz and Brady (1933) study were:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Very, very broad (eg, including themselves in the stereotypes)

  • Very, very narrow (eg, African-Americans)

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 54

1

Madon (et al., 2001) found the stereotypes used in the Katz and Brady (1933) study were:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Racist

  • Outdated

  • Impossible to research into

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 54

1

Discursive research looks at how:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Our use of language contributes to constructing prejudice

  • Our use of cognition contributes to constructing prejudice

  • The use of ourselves is contributable to constructing prejudice

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 54

1

Do the findings from the Karlins, Coffman and Walters (1969), as well as the Madon (et al., 2001) studies show that stereotypes are fluid - that they change over time?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 54

1

The changes in stereotypes relate to:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Individual cognitions

  • Ancestral stereotypes that are passed down

  • Socio-political events (eg, World War II, Vietnam war, Afghan war)

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 54

1

Changes in stereotypes that are influenced by socio-political events are typically about:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The majority group (eg, the government being oppressed by its people)

  • The minority group (discriminated against for no reason)

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 54

1

Do stereotypes operate on an individual level?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes, they are individual and independent cognitions

  • No, they are linked to socio-political events and circulate around society

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 54

1

Do we need ideological analysis according to Billig (1985, 2002) to analyse how stereotypes are motivated?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes, because without context there is little to use to find out causality

  • No, we don't need it

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 54

1

There are normative ideas, constructions or content that are widespread in cultures (eg, Muslims in the United States) that are used to promote particular power structures. These are:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Ideologies

  • Constructions

  • Representations

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 54

1

In 1881, the ideology of the Irish people by British was that:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The Irish are backwards, uncivilised and dangerous who could harm the British empire

  • The Irish are eccentric - though still a little backwards - but better than before, and we can reform relations with them again

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 54

1

In the present, the ideology of the Irish people by the British is that:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • They are backwards, uncivilised and dangerous, and can harm the British empire

  • They are eccentric - although still a little backwards - and we can reform relations with them

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 54

1

Stereotype content research (Karlins, Coffman & Walters, 1969; Madon, et al., 2001) mentions broad features on context. But can stereotypes vary enormously between groups (eg, African Americans and Latin Americans)?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 54

1

What has more recent stereotype content focused on?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Racism

  • Gender stereotypes

  • Genetics

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 54

1

Can the constructions of prejudice, including context, also vary depending on local interactional content (eg, stereotypes) according to Billig (1985, 2002)?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 54

1

Would stereotype content between two neighbours talking across a fence be different if one of the neighbour's granddaughters - who is anti-racism - was present?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 54

1

According to Billig (1985, 2002), does the construction of prejudice differ across the same person depending on the argumentative context of which they find themselves in? For example, talking to someone who shares (eg, a family member) the same views compared to someone who might not (eg, a stranger).

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 54

1

A survey respondent who holds prejudicial constructions:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • May need to defend their views

  • May not need to defend their views because it might not be necessary

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 54

1

Two neighbours may agree with each other, therefore:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • They would have to change their prejudicial constructions

  • They would not need to change their prejudicial constructions, because there is no one to challenge them

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 54

1

Two neighbours may (or may not) need to defend their prejudiced talk if someone (eg, an anti-racist granddaughter).

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • May need to because she is anti-racist

  • May not need to, because the granddaughter might accept it as well

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 54

1

According to Billig (2002), is prejudice constructed as an individual cognitve event in the head?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 54

1

"I'm not anti them at all you know. I, if they're willing to get on and be like us; but they're just going to come here, just to be able to use our social welfares and stuff like that, then why don't they stay at home?" (Potter & Wetherell, 1987). What does this talk use?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A rationalisation

  • An explanation

  • A disclaimer

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 54

1

"I'm not a racist/sexist/homophobe, but" is ...

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A disclaimer

  • An extinction

  • A rationalisation

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 54

1

Billig (1985, 2002) has conducted a wealth of research into claims that are treated as obvious and universally acceptable. What are they called?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Rhetorical commonplaces

  • Representational commonplaces

  • Indiscriminate commonplaces

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 54

1

An example of Billig's assertions of universally acceptable claims is politicians that say:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • "National interest"

  • "National rhetoric"

  • "National divide"

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 54

1

Billig (1991) noted an article by National Front that said: "Dare we say it - it is they, not we, who are prejudiced?". First, it tries to:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Defend against accusations of prejudice

  • Support accusations of prejudice

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 54

1

Billig (1991) noted an article by National Front that said: "Dare we say it - it is they, not we, who are prejudiced?". Second, it tries to:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Accuse themselves of prejudice

  • Accuse others of prejudice

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 54

1

Irish gay rights activist and drag queen Fanti was threatened with legal action in 2014 for calling anti-gay marriage activists "homophobic". What is this?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • An example of prejudiced constructions being defended by accusing others

  • An example of prejudiced constructions being supported by accusing oneself

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 54

1

Has the discursive approach into stereotypes used enough interactional sequential context?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 54

1

Conversation analysis removes the interactional and sequential context in prejudice research and looks at standalone talk. According to Condor (et al., 2006), do we need sequential context?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes, because we can then avoid making misplaced suppositions about what the prejudiced talk is actually being used to do

  • No, because standalone talk is fine enough

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 54

1

In the Condor (et al., 2006), Mrs. A's right to carry on speaking on the topic is because:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • No one challenges her on her prejudicial talk

  • She is still talking, so it's considered rude

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 54

1

How is the potential competitive or challenging talk from Mr. B welcomed by Mrs. A in the Condor (et al., 2006) study?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Unwelcoming, a disturbance

  • Welcomed, because it offers a debate

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 54

1

Is it easy or difficult to obtain authentic recorded examples of prejudice conversations in everyday talk?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Easy, because it's all around us

  • Hard, because there are ethical boundaries

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 54

1

We can only obtain:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Nuanced and unexpected findings regarding prejudiced talk in interaction from everyday talk

  • Research from interviews where everyday talk will have elements of prejudice

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 54

1

In the Condor (et al., 2006) study, is Cliff - the researcher - still part of the study? Do participants still respond to him and his actions (including silence) in the talk?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 54

1

Do we need more data of prejudiced talk in everyday interactions?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes, so that participants talk like they would regardless of whether research is involved

  • No, because inauthentic research can be just as productive

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 54

1

From a cognitive social psychology perspective, does discursive research sufficiently articulate the cognitive processes and causes relate to prejudice?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 54

1

The findings from the discursive approach inform what type of psychology about research into prejudice? For example, how prejudice talk treats itself as a potentially sanctionable activity, how prejudiced talk constructs versions of the denigrated other, and how prejudiced talk is produced collaboratively).

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Cognitive social psychology

  • Cognitive behavioural psychology

  • Biology

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 54

1

According to Billig (2002), is the hatred separate from the discourse?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • No, because you need to believe it and to utter sorts of particular things about others

  • Yes, because they are separate

Explicación

Pregunta 44 de 54

1

According to Allport (1954), intergroup conflict under the right conditions would:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Heighten intergroup hostility and lead to more negative intergroup attitudes

  • Lessen intergroup hostility and lead to more positive intergroup attitudes

Explicación

Pregunta 45 de 54

1

Pettigrew and Troop (2006) in their meta-analysis found that intergroup contact generally:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Reduces prejudice

  • Heightens prejudice

Explicación

Pregunta 46 de 54

1

Does the contact theory generalise characteristics of one group member to an entire population of the said group?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 47 de 54

1

Can the contact theory be extended broadly (eg, racial groups, ethnic groups)?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 48 de 54

1

Brown and Hewstone (2005) found intergroup contact to be the most successful when:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Group memberships are explicit and well-known

  • Group memberships are salient

Explicación

Pregunta 49 de 54

1

Brown and Hewstone (2005) found that the potential for interpersonal relationships is high when:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Group membership is salient

  • Group membership is overt and well-known

Explicación

Pregunta 50 de 54

1

According to Pettigrew and Troop (2006) can prejudice be reduced through vicarious experiences (eg, through friends and family) and no contact with outgroup members occurs?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

Pregunta 51 de 54

1

Crisp and Turner (2009) found that "positively toned imagined contact"

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Deteriorated outgroup attitudes, increased stereotyping, intergroup anxiety, and was far too complex

  • Improved outgroup attitudes, reduced stereotyping, as well as intergroup anxiety by being simple and effective

Explicación

Pregunta 52 de 54

1

Are there demand characteristics in the Crisp and Turner (2009) research?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No, because it reduces implicit attitudes as well

Explicación

Pregunta 53 de 54

1

Is there stereotype priming in the Crisp and Turner (2009) research?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • No

  • Yes, but a control group were primed did not show similar effects

Explicación

Pregunta 54 de 54

1

Can Fanti the gay rights activist live with Mary in Wicklow?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Yes

  • No

Explicación

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