Quiz 4 and Quiz 3?

The aim of networks such as CBS and NBC was to serve the public interest.

The Radio Corporation of America (RCA) was formed after World War I to give the United States an early worldwide monopoly over radio broadcasting.

Network radio helped give America "a national identity."

Payola is the illegal practice of record promoters paying deejays to play certain songs on the air.

Documentaries generally avoid controversial or unpopular subject matter.

Birth of a Nation (1915) remains controversial today because it glorifies the Ku Klux Klan.

Examples of genres include comedy, drama, romance, and action/adventure.

The Fairness Doctrine was a requirement by the FCC that stations be fair to their employees.

The term "Fourth Estate" refers to the media's role to be a watchdog over the three branches of government.

The script for Black Hawk Down (2002) was changed because the story's main hero had been found guilty of sexual abuse of a young boy.

The Institute for Creative Technologies is a large company that hires entertainment professionals to create tools to train soldiers and provide battle simulation for the military.

The Local Community Radio Act of 2010 (signed into law in 2011) was a bipartisan bill to restrict local community access to low power radio.

Most of the applicants for low-power FM radio licenses have been national retailers like Wal-Mart.

The 1996 Telecommunications Act set off an unprecedented consolidation in radio station ownership.

The invention of the transistor in the late 1940s made radio more accessible and portable.

Early radio inventors like Marconi focused on ship-to-shore communication.

The first movie theaters were called nickelodeons, a name that indicated the cost of admission.

The Paramount decision ended the dominance of the major studios over the commercial film industry.

The film industry makes much more money today from first-run releases in movie theaters than from home DVD/video releases.

Grouping films by genre allows the movie industry to achieve both product standardization and differentiation.

LPFM was opposed by the NAB and media corporations who claimed that the LPFM stations would cause radio signal interference.

An increase in radio format varieties has guaranteed greater programming diversity.

A special bureau at the US State Department handles relations between the military and Hollywood.

Top Gun was a great example of the refusal of filmmakers to make ideological pro-war arguments in order to win military cooperation on the film.

The initial media reports that Jessica Lynch had been shot and stabbed later proved to be fabrications, among others, by the military and media.

The Wireless Ship Act of 1910 resulted from the sinking of the Titanic.

Group radio station owners prefer syndicated over locally produced programs.

The practice of payola affected 1950s radio, but does not occur today.

Film studios have generally resisted making product placement deals for creative reasons.

International box-office gross revenues are almost double the U.S. and Canadian box-office receipts.

Because of high equipment and operating costs, digital technology is not expected to benefit independent filmmakers for many years.

The existence of the Motion Picture Patents Company led some independent producers to make their pictures in faraway Hollywood.

Radio and music industry oligopolies tend to interact to control access by bands and musicians.

The 90% rule is an informal agreement that the military will overlook the (10% of) small inaccuracies in Hollywood scripts they are asked to review as long as the general story makes the military look good and the message is positive.

Critics of the relationship between the Pentagon and Hollywood argue that this relationship threatens the First Amendment's responsibility not to favor one form of speech over another.

Act of Valor was different from other movies because it was initiated by Hollywood producers, not with the military itself.

An FCC study released in 2003 proved that signal interference was a problem with the establishment of low power FM stations

Consolidation has not affected the music recording industry.

Streaming service subscriptions have doubled in the first half of 2016.

The 2005 Radio and Concert Disclosure and Competition Act came about as a result of payola scandals.

Even though they have achieved mainstream success, some of Green Day's lyrics are very critical of US politics as well as the power of giant corporations.

Payola is the practice of radio stations paying money to record labels in order to be able to play their music.

Payola is seen as a problem because it opens access to the mainstream through radio airplay for all sorts of independent music, whether it is good music or not.

Approximately 190 radio stations were implicated in the payola scandal of the mid-2000s.

Until the invention of digital recording, records were made using an analog recording process.

Recording artists receive more than half of the price of a $1.29 iTunes download.

Cleveland deejay Alan Freed helped popularize black music with white audiences.

The music industry has successfully blocked systems which enable free music file sharing.

In the 1920s, hundreds of radio stations went off the air because they couldn’t afford to pay for the rights to broadcast recorded music.

Songwriters and publishers receive a mechanical royalty when they allow one of their copyrighted songs to be recorded.

Artists receive a performance royalty when one of their songs is played on the radio.

"Cost of entry," or the cost to make and distribute a music recording, is much more expensive these days than 10 or 20 years ago, given the high costs of production and digital distribution.

Payola was under investigation during the mid 2000s by the New York Attorney General, Congress and the FCC.

Green Day, compared with The Sex Pistols, achieved much less commercial success.

In 2005 several recording companies, such as BMG and Warner Music, agreed to pay millions in settlement fees for their involvement in payola schemes.

Both Clear Channel and Infinity Broadcasting, among others, were implicated in 2004 in a multi-million dollar payola scheme.

Competition from TV in the 1950s helped the radio and recording industries become allies.

Popular music did not exist until the invention of phonographs.

Folk is considered a more democratic and participatory form of music than other genres.

An artist’s royalties make up only a small fraction of the sales price of a CD.

Dick Clark was a radio DJ who challenged the norms of the day by playing both black and white artists, while Alan Freed was the clean cut, less threatening DJ of the two.

The 2005 Radio and Concert Disclosure and Competition Act came about as a result of payola scandals.

Approximately 190 radio stations were implicated in the payola scandal of the mid-2000s.

Punk rock emerged in the 1970s partly to protest the commercialism of the recording industry.

Songwriters and publishers receive a mechanical royalty when they allow one of their copyrighted songs to be recorded.

An artist’s royalties make up only a small fraction of the sales price of a CD.

Competition from TV in the 1950s helped the radio and recording industries become allies.