Extremophiles

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration

Osmosis is the movement of water particles across a partially permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration of water.

The Solution is ISOTONIC to the cell.

The solution is HYPERTONIC to the cell

Solution is HYPOTONIC to the cell

Osmosis is important in living organisms.

Active Transport is the movement of molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration through a carrier protein in a cell membrane, this uses energy.

Concentration difference/ gradient
Bigger difference=faster diffusion

Surface area
Increasing surface area= faster diffusion

Distance over which diffusion occurs
Shorter distance= faster diffusion

Temperature

Larger organisms need special exchange surfaces because larger organisms have a larger surface area and therefore have a small surface area to volume ratio.